自考英语二真题解析无障碍读本2022年4月

Famous Brands

知名品牌

Why do we always buy certain shoes or clothes that have a famous brand?

为什么我们总是购买某些有知名品牌的鞋子或衣服？

Why do we have to copy other people?

为什么我们非要模仿别人？

The people we often admire most are those who have their own styles.

我们常常最钦佩的是那些有自己风格的人。

They don’t want to copy someone else’s.

他们不想模仿别人的风格。

Big companies give free products to famous people, such as sportsmen and movie stars.

大公司会向名人赠送免费产品，比如运动员和电影明星。

They intend to get people like you to buy their products.

他们旨在让像你这样的人购买他们的产品。

When you spend a lot of money on an expensive pair of shoes, they may not suit you.

当你花很多钱买一双昂贵的鞋子时，它们可能并不适合你。

You might enjoy more if you buy something else at the same price!

如果你用同样的价格买其他东西，可能会更满意！

Besides the brand, you may want to know why they are asking that price.

除了品牌之外，你可能还想知道它们为什么要这个价格。

The brand may sometimes have nothing to do with the quality of the product.

品牌有时可能与产品质量毫无关系。

It can be of bad quality and badly made.

产品可能质量差、做工粗糙。

This makes you think why it has the designer’s name on it.

这会让你疑惑为什么上面会有设计师的名字。

It’s very important for designers to use their creative talent to make something beautiful.

设计师运用自己的创造力制作出漂亮的产品是非常重要的。

But today the making of money has become more important.

但如今，赚钱变得更为重要。

So they just copy other products and their standards fall.

因此，他们只是模仿其他产品，标准也随之降低。

Creative products should be available to people at a reasonable price.

有创意的产品应该以合理的价格提供给人们。

In this way, big companies wouldn’t be able to dominate (控制) the market and encourage people to spend too much money on their products.

这样一来，大公司就无法控制市场，也不会促使人们在他们的产品上花费过多金钱。

They are dominating the market by telling us what to buy.

他们通过告诉我们该买什么来控制市场。

If you go into a toy shop or children’s clothes shop, you’ll find the whole section for girls is almost all pink.

如果你走进一家玩具店或童装店，会发现女孩专区几乎全是粉色的。

Because of the domination of big companies, the original arts and crafts are beginning to die out.

由于大公司的控制，原创手工艺正开始消亡。

It would be a real shame if these arts and crafts were to disappear.

如果这些手工艺消失了，那将是一件非常遗憾的事。

Self-esteem (自尊) and Body Image

自尊与身体形象

Self-esteem is all about what people think of themselves.

自尊关乎人们对自己的看法。

It is important because feeling good about yourself can affect how you act.

它很重要，因为自我感觉良好会影响你的行为表现。

People who have high self-esteem will make friends easily.

自尊心强的人更容易交到朋友。

They are more in control of their behavior, and will enjoy life more.

他们更能控制自己的行为，也会更享受生活。

Some teenagers struggle with their self-esteem when they grow into adults because the body goes through many changes.

一些青少年在步入成年时会面临自尊方面的困扰，因为身体会经历许多变化。

Along with the changes comes a natural desire to feel accepted.

伴随这些变化而来的是被接纳的自然渴望。

What’s more, they can’t help but compare themselves with others.

此外，他们会忍不住将自己与他人比较。

They may compare themselves with the people around them or with actors and other famous people they see on TV, in movies, or in magazines.

他们可能会将自己与身边的人比较，或与在电视、电影、杂志上看到的演员及其他名人比较。

The physical changes can affect how both girls and boys feel about themselves.

身体变化会影响男孩和女孩对自己的看法。

Some girls may feel uncomfortable about their growing bodies.

一些女孩可能会对自己正在发育的身体感到不适。

Others may wish that they were developing faster.

另一些女孩可能希望自己发育得更快一些。

Girls may feel like being thin but boys may feel like they don’t look big enough.

女孩可能希望自己苗条，而男孩可能觉得自己看起来不够高大。

It’s not just body development that affects self-esteem.

影响自尊的不仅仅是身体发育。

Many other factors can affect a person’s body image too.

许多其他因素也会影响一个人的身体形象。

Family life, for example, can sometimes influence self-esteem.

例如，家庭生活有时会影响自尊。

Some parents spend more time criticizing their kids and the way they look than praising them.

有些父母花更多时间批评孩子及其外貌，而不是表扬他们。

This can reduce kids’ ability to develop good self-esteem.

这会降低孩子培养良好自尊的能力。

Also their classmates and peers may tease them about the way they look.

此外，他们的同学和同龄人可能会嘲笑他们的外貌。

These sometimes can affect their self-esteem.

这些有时都会影响他们的自尊。

If there are things about yourself that you want to change and you can change, do this by making goals for yourself.

如果你有想改变且能够改变的地方，可以通过为自己制定目标来实现。

If there are things that you can’t change, recognize that your body is your own.

如果有些事情你无法改变，要意识到你的身体是属于自己的。

It’s no one’s business but your own what your body is like.

你的身体状况与他人无关，只关乎你自己。

Actually, to be happy with yourself, all you need to do is to change the way you see your body.

事实上，要想对自己满意，你只需改变看待自己身体的方式。

Task 1 段落小标题选项

A. Help your child deal with stress. 

帮助孩子应对压力

B. Show your concern and care. 

表达你的关心与关爱

C. Be patient with your child. 

对孩子要有耐心

D. Stories help children. 

故事对孩子有帮助

E. Listen to your child. 

倾听孩子的心声

F. Children have stress. 

孩子也有压力

Task 2 补全句子选项

A. in trouble 

遇到麻烦

B. in healthy ways 

以健康的方式

C. to forget their problems 

忘记他们的问题

D. what he/she has done 

他 / 她所做的事

E. from school and their social life 

来自学校和社交生活

F. to solve problems themselves 

自己解决问题

Helping Children Cope with Stress

帮助孩子应对压力

①To adults, childhood can seem to be happy and free from worries.

在成年人看来，童年似乎是快乐且无忧无虑的。

But children still experience stress.

但孩子也会经历压力。

Things like school and their social life can sometimes create pressures that are too difficult for them to deal with.

像学校和社交生活这类事情，有时会产生他们难以应对的压力。

While they may not talk about their troubles, they do want their parents to reach out and help them.

虽然他们可能不会谈论自己的烦恼，但确实希望父母主动伸出援手。

②Children deal with stress in both healthy and unhealthy ways.

孩子会以健康和不健康的两种方式应对压力。

As a parent, you can’t protect your children from stress, but you can help them develop healthy ways to cope with stress and solve everyday problems.

作为父母，你无法保护孩子免受压力，但可以帮助他们培养健康的方式来应对压力、解决日常问题。

By doing so, you not only help your children handle their current stresses, but also prepare them to deal with future stresses.

这样做不仅能帮助孩子应对当下的压力，还能让他们为应对未来的压力做好准备。

Here are a few tips for you.

以下是一些给你的建议。

③When you notice that something is upsetting your child, you need to tell your child about it.

当你注意到有事情让孩子心烦时，需要告诉孩子你的发现。

If you can, name the feeling you think your child is experiencing.

如果可以，说出你认为孩子正在经历的情绪。

This shouldn’t sound like blame.

这听起来不应该像是指责。

It’s just a casual observation, and you’re interested in hearing more about your child’s concern.

这只是随意的观察，并且你有兴趣了解更多孩子的心事。

Be sympathetic and show that you care and want to understand.

要富有同情心，表达你的关心和理解意愿。

④Also ask your child to tell you what’s wrong.

还要让孩子告诉你发生了什么事。

Listen attentively and calmly with interest, patience, openness, and caring.

要带着兴趣、耐心、坦诚和关爱，专注且平静地倾听。

Don’t hurry to make judgements.

不要急于下判断。

Do not blame or criticize your child for what he or she has done.

不要因为孩子的所作所为而指责或批评他们。

The idea is to listen to your child’s concerns and feelings.

关键是倾听孩子的心事和感受。

Try to get the whole story by patiently asking questions.

通过耐心提问，试着了解事情的全貌。

Take your time.

慢慢来。

And let your child take his or her time, too.

也给孩子足够的时间表达。

⑤Remember to be patient.

记住要有耐心。

As a parent, it hurts to see your child unhappy or stressed.

作为父母，看到孩子不开心或有压力会很心疼。

But you should not try to solve every problem for your child.

但你不应该试图为孩子解决所有问题。

Instead, try to help your child grow into a good problem-solver—a child who knows how to deal with life’s ups and downs, express feelings in words, calm down when needed, and never give in to difficulties.

相反，要努力帮助孩子成长为一个优秀的问题解决者 —— 一个懂得应对人生起伏、用语言表达情感、在需要时冷静下来且永不向困难屈服的孩子。

The Coyote (丛林狼)

丛林狼

The coyote is a relative of the dog and the wolf.

丛林狼是狗和狼的近亲。

Like its relatives, it mostly feeds on other animals.

和它的近亲一样，它主要以其他动物为食。

It will, however, eat a wide variety of foods, including insects, fruits and vegetables.

不过，它也会吃各种各样的食物，包括昆虫、水果和蔬菜。

Coyotes are found throughout most of North America, from Mexico and Central America to Canada and Alaska.

丛林狼遍布北美大部分地区，从墨西哥、中美洲到加拿大和阿拉斯加都有它们的踪迹。

The color of its coat depends on where it lives.

它的皮毛颜色取决于它的栖息地。

「26」E. Mountain coyotes were darker than those living in the desert. 

山区的丛林狼比生活在沙漠中的颜色更深。

Like the wolf, coyotes live in groups, or packs.

和狼一样，丛林狼过着群居生活。

The coyote pack is usually smaller than a wolf pack.

丛林狼的群体通常比狼群小。

「27」D. All members of the pack are usually related. 

群体中的所有成员通常都有亲缘关系。

The pack will often divide into pairs to hunt.

群体通常会分成成对进行捕猎。

Female coyotes give birth to baby coyotes once a year.

母丛林狼每年产一次幼崽。

Over half of the babies will die before they reach adulthood.

超过一半的幼崽在成年前会死亡。

Male babies usually leave the pack to find their own territory.

雄性幼崽通常会离开群体去寻找自己的领地。

「28」A. Female babies stay with the parent’s pack. 

雌性幼崽会留在父母的群体中。

Wolves and coyotes compete for the same animals for food.

狼和丛林狼会争夺相同的猎物。

Since the coyote is smaller than the wolf, wolves will usually drive the coyote out of any shared living areas.

由于丛林狼比狼小，狼通常会将丛林狼赶出任何共享的栖息地。

The coyote adapts easily to new areas.

丛林狼很容易适应新环境。

Unlike the wolf, the coyote’s living area increased when more and more people settled across North America.

与狼不同，随着越来越多的人在北美定居，丛林狼的栖息地反而扩大了。

「29」F. For example, the coyote was not native to New England. 

例如，丛林狼并非新英格兰的本土物种。

Scientists who have studied the coyote believe it is better than the wolf at living in human areas.

研究丛林狼的科学家认为，它比狼更擅长在人类居住区生存。

「30」C. Coyotes are now found in most large cities. 

现在，大多数大城市都能发现丛林狼的踪迹。

They find enough supply of food in these areas, since coyotes are willing to eat garbage, rodents (such as rabbits and mice) and even small pets.

它们在这些地区能找到充足的食物，因为丛林狼愿意吃垃圾、啮齿动物（如兔子和老鼠）甚至小型宠物。

Scientists estimate that as many as 2,000 coyotes may be living in the Chicago area.

科学家估计，芝加哥地区可能生活着多达 2000 只丛林狼。

Slavery in the United States

美国的奴隶制

In most parts of the United States in the early 1800s, blacks had no rights at all.

19 世纪初，在美国的大部分地区，黑人完全没有权利。

They did not have the right to vote.

他们没有选举权。

It was against the 「31」law for them to go to school with whites.

他们与白人一起上学是违反______的。

In some states, it was even 「32」illegal for them to learn to read and write.

在一些州，他们学习读书写字甚至是______的。

Free people had the right to come and go as they 「33」liked, but slaves had to have a pass, or a paper from their 「34」master to leave the master’s land.

自由人有权随心所欲地来去，但奴隶必须有通行证，即来自他们______的文件，才能离开主人的土地。

Slaves were often 「35」separated from their families when they were sold.

奴隶被出售时，常常会与家人______。

They had to work very 「36」long but were not paid.

他们必须工作非常______时间，却没有报酬。

If they did not do as they were told, they could be beaten.

如果他们不服从命令，就可能会被殴打。

If they tried to escape, they were hunted down with dogs, and could be tortured or even 「37」killed when caught.

如果他们试图逃跑，会被狗追捕，被捕后可能会遭受酷刑甚至被______。

Until about 1800, there were slaves in 「38」almost every state in the United States.

直到 1800 年左右，美国______每个州都有奴隶。

But slaves were not a big part of the Northern way of 「39」life.

但奴隶并不是北方______方式的重要组成部分。

Northern factories hired workers and did not use slaves.

北方工厂雇佣工人，不使用奴隶。

By 1850, all Northern states had made slavery illegal.

到 1850 年，所有北方州都已宣布奴隶制非法。

**In the Southern states, however, most of the field workers were slaves; one out of every four families 「40」owned

然而，在南方各州，大多数田间劳动者都是奴隶；每四个家庭中就有一个______奴隶。

These people were often rich and had large farms.

这些人通常很富有，拥有大片农场。

Rubbish: Easy to Produce, but Hard to Get Rid of

垃圾：易产生，难处理

We produce a lot of rubbish.

我们产生大量垃圾。

There is no question about it.

这是毋庸置疑的。

The amount of rubbish we throw away is surprising (surprise).

我们扔掉的垃圾数量令人惊讶。

Scientists report that Americans produce about five 「41」pounds (pound) of rubbish per person every day.

科学家报告称，美国人每人每天大约产生 5______垃圾。

Forty years ago, each person 「42」produced  (produce) only half of it each day.

四十年前，每人每天只产生其中的一半。

There are 「43」nearly （near) 300 million people in the US.

美国大约有 3 亿人口。

You do the math.

你可以算一算。

How much rubbish do we produce every day?

我们每天产生多少垃圾？

In 「44」addition  (add) to the amount of rubbish we produce, however we get rid of it is another problem.

除了我们产生的垃圾数量之外，如何处理垃圾是另一个问题。

The plastic bags that we place outside of our homes need to be 「45」carried (carry) away every week.

我们放在家门外的塑料袋每周都需要被______走。

These bags are not 「46」friendly  (friend) to the environment at all.

这些塑料袋对环境一点也不______。

Nobody is sure how long a plastic bag takes to totally break down, because we only been 「47」using  (use) plastic as a business for about 90 years.

没有人确切知道一个塑料袋需要多长时间才能完全分解，因为我们将塑料用于商业用途才大约 90 年。

It is 「48」unbelievable (believe), however, that it may take 100 years for a plastic bag to completely break down.

然而，一个塑料袋可能需要 100 年才能完全分解，这是______的。

I am sure that you will feel 「49」unhappy  (happy) to think that a plastic bag can live longer than the 「50」majority (major) of people on earth.

想到一个塑料袋的寿命比地球上______人都长，我相信你会感到______。

写作要求：假设你的外国朋友 John 想学习汉语，征求你的意见。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

・支持他学汉语

・给出学习建议（字数要求：100 词左右）

Dear John,

I’m glad to hear you want to learn Chinese! It’s a wonderful language with rich culture, so I fully support you.

Here are some tips: First, practice speaking daily, even with simple phrases. You can talk to Chinese friends or use language apps. Second, watch Chinese movies or TV shows to improve listening. Third, learn basic characters regularly—start with common ones like “你好” and “谢谢”.

Don’t be afraid of mistakes. Keep practicing, and you’ll make progress soon!

Best wishes,

Li Ke

亲爱的约翰：

很高兴听到你想学习汉语！它是一门拥有丰富文化的美妙语言，所以我全力支持你。

给你一些建议：首先，每天练习口语，哪怕是简单的短语。你可以和中国朋友交流或使用语言应用程序。其次，观看中国电影或电视剧来提高听力。第三，定期学习基本汉字 —— 从 “你好”“谢谢” 这类常用字开始。

不要害怕犯错。坚持练习，你很快就会取得进步的！

此致

李克