(46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.
(48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.
(49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America.
(50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
自己分析结构再看解析...
【解析】
(46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
【词汇积累】
motivationn. 动机;积极性;推动
wilderness n. 荒地;大量,茫茫一片
uncharted adj. 未知的;图上未标明的
【结构分析】
主语:This movement
后置定语/插入语修饰主语: driven by powerful and diverse motivations
并列谓语 1:built a nation out of a wilderness
连接词:and
插入语: by its nature
并列谓语 2:shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
【参考译文】
这场由强大而多样的动机所驱动的运动,从一片荒野中建造了一个国家,并且,从其本质来看,也塑造了一个未知大陆的特性与命运。
(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristicsand the impact of a new countrywhichmodified these traits.
【词汇积累】
principal adj. 主要的;资本的n. 首长;校长;资本;当事人
principle n. 准则,原则;道义,正直;基本原则,基本法则;原理,定律
Immigrationn. 外来移民;移居
immigrate v.(从外地)移居,移民;使移居入境
【结构分析】
主句:The United States is the product of two principal forces
同位语(解释two principal forces):— the immigration ... and the impact ...
并列成分1:the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics
并列连词:and
并列成分2: the impact of a new country which modified these traits
【参考译文】
有两股主要力量形成了美国:一是欧洲移民带来的各式思想、风俗和民族特征,二是这个新国家本身在融合上述特征之后带来的影响。
(48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, andthe sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent(A,B and C)caused significant changes.
【词汇积累】
peculiar adj. 特殊的;独特的;奇怪的;罕见的n. 特权;特有财产
interplay n. 相互影响,相互作用vi. 相互影响,相互作用
sheer adj. 绝对的;透明的;峻峭的;纯粹的adv. 完全;陡峭地vi. 偏航vt. 使偏航;使急转向n. 偏航;透明薄织物
【结构分析】
主语(并列结构):
The force of geographic conditions peculiar to America
the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another
and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent
谓语:caused
宾语:significant changes
【参考译文】
但是,美洲特有的地理环境之力、不同民族群体之间的相互影响,以及在这片原始的新大陆上维持旧世界生活方式的巨大困难,所有这些共同引发了意义深远的变化。
(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory whichis now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America.
【词汇积累】
shipload n. 船货;船舶运载量
territory n. 领土,领域;范围;地域;版图
【结构分析】
主句:
主语:The first shiploads of immigrants (bound for the territory which is now the United States)
谓语: crossed
宾语: the Atlantic
时间状语:more than a hundred years after the explorations...
定语从句:which is now the United States
【参考译文】
开往那片即现在被称为美国的领土的第一批移民船,是在15和16世纪的北美探险过去一百多年之后才横渡大西洋的。
(50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-housewhichextended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
【词汇积累】
virgin n. 处女,童男;新手;圣母马利亚;室女宫adj. 处女的;原始状态的,未经利用的
veritable adj. 真正的,名副其实的
verity n.真实;真理;事实;真实性
【结构分析】
主语:The virgin forest
后置定语(介词短语): with its richness and variety of trees
系动词:was
表语: a real treasure-house
定语从句修饰表语:which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.
【参考译文】
那片拥有丰富多样树木的原始森林,是一个真正的宝库,它从缅因州一直向南延伸到佐治亚州。