2024年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第三套)Part III Reading Comprehension 的 Section B 和 Section C
- 2026-10-11 07:32:09
2024年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第三套)Part III Reading Comprehension 的 Section B 和 Section CA) Most people have a dream in life, a vision of who or what they'd like to be in the future. At a minimum, everyone has interests and values that determine what they want out of their lives. Even so, trying to set achievable goals that you'll work for over the course of many years can be extremely challenging. It can be hard to know where to even begin, and the things you hope to achieve may seem impossible. But if you're well prepared you may be able to set goals for your life that are just as fulfilling to work toward as to achieve. B) We all have goals that we want to achieve in our lives. These goals may include learning a new language, eating healthier and losing weight, becoming a better parent, saving more money, and so on. It can be easy to assume that the gap between where you are now and where you want to be in the future is caused by a lack of knowledge. This is why we buy courses on how to start a business or how to lose weight fast or how to learn a new language in three months. We assume that if we knew about a better strategy, then we would get better results. We believe that a new result requires new knowledge. C) What I'm starting to realize, however, is that new knowledge does not necessarily drive new results. In fact, learning something new can actually be a waste of time if your goal is to make progress and not simply gain additional knowledge. D) It all comes down to the difference between learning and practicing. Thomas Sterner, in his book The Practicing Mind, explains the key difference between practicing and learning. He says: "When we practice something, we are involved in the deliberate repetition of a process with the intention of reaching a specific goal." Here the words "deliberate" and "intention" are key, because they define the difference between actively practicing something and passively learning it. E) Learning something new and practicing something new may seem very similar but these two methods can have profoundly different results. Here are some additional ways to think about the difference. Let's say your goal is to get stronger and more fit. You can research the best instructions on weight lifting technique, but the only way to build strength is to practice lifting weights. Let's say your goal is to grow your startup. You can learn about the best way to make a sales pitch, but the only way to actually land customers is to practice making sales calls. Let's say your goal is to write a book. You can talk to a bestselling author about writing, but the only way to become a better writer is to practice publishing consistently. F) Passive learning creates knowledge. Active practice creates skill. Let's consider a couple more reasons to prioritize active practice over passive learning. First, passive learning can be a stick that supports inaction. In many cases, learning is actually a way to avoid taking action on the goals and interests that we say are important to us. For example, let's say you want to learn a foreign language. Reading a book on how to learn a foreign language quickly allows you to feel like you are making progress ("Hey, I'm figuring out the best way to do this!"). Of course, you're not actually practicing the action that would deliver your desired outcome (speaking the foreign language). G) In situations like this one, we often claim that we are preparing or researching the best method, but these rationalizations allow us to feel like we are moving forward when we are merely spinning our wheels. We make the mistake of being in motion rather than taking action. Learning is valuable until it becomes a form of procrastination. H) Another point to consider is that practice is learning, but learning is not practice. Passive learning is not a form of practice because although you gain new knowledge, you are not discovering how to apply that knowledge. Active practice, meanwhile, is one of the greatest forms of learning because the mistakes you make while practicing reveal important insights. I) Even more importantly, practice is the only way to make a meaningful contribution with your knowledge. You can watch an online course about how to build a business or read an article about a terrible disaster in a developing nation, but that knowledge is unproductive unless you actually launch your business or donate to those in need. Learning by itself can be valuable for you but if you want to be valuable to others, then you have to express your knowledge in some way. J) The last important point to consider is that practice focuses your energy on the process. Thomas Sterner once said, "Progress is a natural result of staying focused on the process of doing anything." The state of your life right now is a result of the habits and beliefs that you have been practicing each day. When you realize this and begin to direct your focus toward practicing better habits day-in and day-out, continual progress will be the logical outcome. It is not the things we learn nor the dreams we visualize that determine our results, but rather the habits that we practice each day. Fall in love with boredom and focus your energy on the process, not the product. K) What does this all mean? Is passive learning useless? Of course not. In many cases, learning for the sake of learning can be a beautiful thing. Not to mention that soaking up new information can help you make more informed decisions when you do decide to take action. That said, the main point of this article is that learning by itself does not lead to progress. We often hide behind information and use learning as an excuse to delay the more difficult and more important choice of actually taking action. Spend less time passively learning and more time actively practicing. Stop thinking and start doing. A) 在生活中，大多数人都有一个梦想，一个关于他们未来想成为什么样的人的愿景。至少，每个人都有自己的兴趣和价值观，它们决定了人们想从生活中得到什么。即便如此，试图设定可实现的目标，并为之努力多年，也可能极具挑战性。甚至很难知道从哪里开始。你希望实现的事情似乎是不可能的。但是，如果你做好了充分准备，你也许能够为你的人生设定目标。朝着这些目标而努力和实现目标一样令人充满成就感。 B) 我们在生活中都有想要实现的目标。这些目标可能包括学习一门新语言，吃得更健康和减肥，成为更好的父母，存更多的钱，等等。我们很容易认为，你现在所处的位置和你未来想要达到的位置之间的差距是由知识的匮乏所造成的。这就是我们购买关于如何创业、如何快速减肥或者如何在三个月内学会一门新语言的课程的原因。我们假设如果我们知道一个更好的策略，那么我们就会得到更好的结果。我们认为新的结果需要新的知识。 C) 然而，我开始意识到，新的知识并不一定会带来新的结果。事实上，如果你的目标是取得进步，而不仅仅是获得额外的知识，那么学习新东西实际上是在浪费时间。 D) 这一切都归结为学习和实践之间的区别。托马斯·斯特纳在他的《练习心境》一书中解释了练习和学习之间的关键区别。他说：“当我们练习某件事时，我们是在有意识地重复一个过程，目的是达到一个特定的目标。”在这里，“刻意”和“意图”是关键，因为它们定义了主动练习某件事和被动学习某件事之间的区别。 E) 学习新事物和实践新事物可能看起来非常相似，但这两种方法可能产生截然不同的结果。这里有一些其他的方法来思考两者的区别。假如说你的目标是变得更强壮、更健康。你可以研究关于举重技术的最佳指导，但增强力量的唯一方法是练习举重。假如说你的目标是发展你的创业公司。你可以了解推销的最佳方式，但真正获得客户的唯一方法就是练习打销售电话。假如说你的目标是写一本书。你可以和畅销书的作者谈论写作，但是成为一名更好的作家的唯一方法是坚持不懈地练习发表作品。 F) 被动学习创造知识。积极的练习创造技能。让我们再考虑几个优先考虑主动练习而不是被动学习的理由。首先，被动学习可以是助长不作为的帮凶。在很多情况下，学习实际上是一种逃避的方式，以此逃避对我们认为重要的目标和兴趣采取行动。例如，假如说你想学习一门外语。读一本关于如何快速学习一门外语的书会让你觉得自己在进步（“嘿，我正在弄清楚学习外语的最佳方法！”）。当然，你实际上并没有在练习能让你达到预期效果的行动（说这门外语）。 G) 在这类情况下，我们往往声称我们正在准备或研究最好的方法，但是这些合理化的说法让我们觉得自己在前进，而实际上我们只是在白费力气。我们犯了一个错误，那就是我们只是处于行动的状态却并未采取行动。学习是有价值的，直到它成为一种拖延形式。 H) 另外需要考虑的一点是，实践就是学习，而学习不是实践。被动学习不是一种实践的形式，因为尽管你获得了新知识，但是你并没有发现如何应用这些知识。与此同时，积极的练习是最好的学习形式之一，因为你在练习过程中犯的错误揭示了重要的见解。 I) 更重要的是，实践是用你的知识做出有意义贡献的唯一途径。你可以观看一门关于如何创业的在线课程，或者阅读一篇关于一个发展中国家发生可怕灾难的文章，但是这些知识并没有什么益处，除非你真的开始创业或者向那些有需要的人捐款。学习本身对你来说可能是有价值的，但是如果你想对别人有价值，那么你必须用某种方式表达你的知识。 J) 最后要考虑的重要一点是，实践将你的精力集中在过程上。托马斯·斯特纳曾经说过：“进步是专注于做任何事情的过程的自然结果。”你现在的生活状态是你每天一直实践的习惯和信念的结果。当你意识到这一点并开始将你的注意力集中在日复一日地养成更好的习惯上，持续的进步将是必然的结果。决定我们结果的不是我们学到的东西，也不是我们想象的梦想，而是我们每天所实践的习惯。爱上无聊，把精力集中在过程上，而不是结果上。 K) 这一切意味着什么？被动学习没有用吗？当然不是。在很多情况下，为了学习而学习可以是一件美好的事情。更不用说吸收新信息可以帮助你在决定采取行动时做出更明智的决定。也就是说，本文的重点是学习本身并不能带来进步。我们经常躲在信息背后，以学习为借口，推迟做更困难、更重要的事情——实际采取行动。少花点时间被动学习，多花点时间主动练习。停止思考，开始行动吧。 Acquisition of new knowledge may not guarantee the progress that you aim to make. 答案：C 定位提示： new knowledge / guarantee / progress → C段 “new knowledge does not necessarily drive new results... if your goal is to make progress...” Your current situation in life is built on the beliefs and habits you have been practicing daily. 答案：J 定位提示： current situation / beliefs and habits / practicing daily → J段 “The state of your life right now is a result of the habits and beliefs that you have been practicing each day.” Knowing the best way to learn a foreign language will not enable you to speak it without actual practice. 答案：F 定位提示： best way to learn a foreign language / speak it / without actual practice → F段 “Reading a book on how to learn a foreign language quickly allows you to feel like you are making progress... you're not actually practicing the action... (speaking the foreign language).” People may find it demanding to create a goal which will take a long time to achieve. 答案：A 定位提示： demanding / create a goal / take a long time → A段 “trying to set achievable goals that you'll work for over the course of many years can be extremely challenging.” Learning and practicing seem to be very much alike, but the two processes can lead to quite different outcomes. 答案：E 定位提示： learning and practicing / very much alike / different outcomes → E段 “Learning something new and practicing something new may seem very similar but these two methods can have profoundly different results.” Absorbing new information is helpful in making better decisions prior to action. 答案：K 定位提示： absorbing new information / better decisions / prior to action → K段 “soaking up new information can help you make more informed decisions when you do decide to take action.” Sometimes we may feel like we are making progress by doing some research or making preparations, but actually we are staying at the starting point. 答案：G 定位提示： making progress / research or preparations / starting point → G段 “we often claim that we are preparing or researching the best method, but these rationalizations allow us to feel like we are moving forward when we are merely spinning our wheels.” We are inclined to think that a lack of knowledge prevents us from advancing to a better future. 答案：B 定位提示： lack of knowledge / prevents / better future → B段 “the gap between where you are now and where you want to be in the future is caused by a lack of knowledge.” Learning can benefit you by itself but only practice can turn what you learn into meaningful contributions. 答案：I 定位提示： learning benefit you / practice / meaningful contributions → I段 “practice is the only way to make a meaningful contribution with your knowledge... Learning by itself can be valuable for you...” Practice involves repeating a process intentionally to attain a particular objective. 答案：D 定位提示： practice / repeating a process intentionally / particular objective → D段 “When we practice something, we are involved in the deliberate repetition of a process with the intention of reaching a specific goal.” Section B 是四级阅读中典型的段落信息匹配题，通常文章后有10个陈述句，要求判断信息来自哪一段。它不按顺序出题，难度在于“同义替换”和“定位”。 先读题干，划关键词 不要先通读全文。先看36—45题，每句划出： 人名、机构名、时间、数字 动词短语 形容词最高级 因果关系、转折关系 特殊名词，如 learning、practice、knowledge、habits、progress 等 例如： 36题关键词：new knowledge / guarantee / progress 37题关键词：current situation / beliefs and habits / daily 38题关键词：foreign language / speak / actual practice 45题关键词：practice / repeating / particular objective 带着关键词扫读段落 不要逐词翻译。重点看每段： 首句 末句 转折词 however / but / yet 引号内容 数字、专有名词 比较级、最高级 识别同义替换 这是匹配题核心。例如： new knowledge does not necessarily drive new results = may not guarantee the progress state of your life right now = current situation in life best way to learn a foreign language = figuring out the best way to do this extremely challenging = demanding seem very similar = seem to be very much alike profoundly different results = quite different outcomes soaking up new information = absorbing new information moving forward when we are merely spinning our wheels = staying at the starting point gap...caused by a lack of knowledge = lack of knowledge prevents us from advancing practice is the only way to make a meaningful contribution = only practice can turn what you learn into meaningful contributions deliberate repetition of a process with the intention of reaching a specific goal = repeating a process intentionally to attain a particular objective 注意“一段可多用” 题干说明“You may choose a paragraph more than once”，所以不要因为某段用过就排除。但本套题中多数段落只对应一题。 先易后难 先做带明显专有名词、数字、引号的题，如： 38题 foreign language / speaking → F段 39题 many years / challenging → A段 43题 lack of knowledge / future → B段 45题 Thomas Sterner / deliberate repetition → D段 再做抽象概括题，如： 37题 current situation / habits → J段 42题 preparing / spinning wheels → G段 控制时间 建议 Section B 用时 10—12分钟。不要在某一段纠结太久。若两个选项都像，优先选有明确同义替换的。 常见干扰 题干中的词在多个段落出现，但逻辑不符。 段落提到同一主题，但并非题干所问的具体信息。 张冠李戴：如把“被动学习”说成“主动实践”。 范围扩大或缩小：如“some people”变成“all people”。 Section C 包括两篇 Passage。 Research in human-vehicle interaction has shown even systems designed to automate driving are far from being errorproof. Recent evidence points to drivers' limited understanding of what these systems can and cannot do as a contributing factor to system misuse. A recent study tackles the issue of over-trusting drivers and the resulting system misuse from a legal viewpoint. It looks at what the manufacturers of self-driving cars should legally do to ensure that drivers understand how to use the vehicles appropriately. One solution suggested in the study involves requiring buyers to sign end-user license agreements (EULAs), similar to the terms and conditions that require agreement when using new software products. But this is far from ideal. The agreement may not provide enough information to the driver, leading to confusion about the nature of the requests for agreement and their implications. Further, most end users don't read EULAs. A 2017 study shows 91 percent of people agree to them without reading. Among young people, 97 percent agree without reviewing the terms. The issue is that, unlike using a smartphone app, operating a car has serious safety risks, whether the driver is human or software. And human drivers need to consent to take responsibility for the outcomes of the software and hardware. "Warning fatigue" and distracted driving are also causes for concern. For example, a driver, annoyed after receiving continuous warnings, could decide to just ignore the message. Or, if the message is presented while the vehicle is in motion, it could represent a distraction. Given these limitations and concerns, even if this mode of obtaining consent is to move forward, it likely won't fully protect automakers from their legal liability should the system malfunction or an accident occur. Driver training for self-driving vehicles can help ensure that drivers fully understand system capabilities and limitations. This needs to occur beyond the vehicle purchase. Recent evidence shows even relying on the information provided by the seller is not going to answer many questions. All of this considered, the road forward for self-driving cars is not going to be a smooth ride after all. 人车交互领域的研究表明，即使是设计用于自动驾驶的系统也远不能避免出错。最近有证据表明，驾驶者对这些系统能做什么和不能做什么的了解有限是导致系统误用的一个因素。最近的一项研究从法律角度探讨了驾驶者过度信任以及由此导致的系统误用问题。该研究着眼于自动驾驶汽车制造商在法律上应采取何种措施，以确保驾驶者能够了解如何正确使用这些车辆。 研究中提出的一个解决方案是要求购买者签署终端用户许可协议（EULAs），类似于使用新软件产品时需要同意的条款和条件，但这远远不够理想。该协议可能无法向驾驶者提供足够的信息，导致其对协议要求的性质及其影响产生困惑。此外，大多数终端用户并不会去阅读终端用户许可协议。2017年的一项研究表明，91%的人在没有阅读的情况下就同意了这些协议。在年轻人中，97%的人在未审阅条款的情况下就表示同意。 问题在于，与使用智能手机应用程序不同，无论驾驶员是人类还是软件，驾驶汽车都存在严重的安全风险。而人类驾驶员需要同意对软件和硬件的结果负责。 “警告疲劳”和分心驾驶也令人担忧。例如，驾驶员在连续收到警告后会感到恼火，可能会选择直接忽视该信息。或者，如果信息是在车辆行驶过程中呈现的，也可能会成为一种分心因素。鉴于这些局限性和顾虑，即使这种获取同意的模式得以推进，也可能无法充分保护汽车制造商在系统出现故障或发生事故时免于承担法律责任。 自动驾驶车辆的驾驶员培训有助于确保驾驶员充分了解系统的功能和局限性。这种培训需要在购买车辆之后进行。最近有证据表明，即使依靠卖方提供的信息也无法回答许多问题。综合考虑所有这些因素，自动驾驶汽车的未来之路并不会一帆风顺。 文章主题：自动驾驶汽车的系统误用、终端用户许可协议与驾驶员培训 What do we learn from research in human-vehicle interaction? A) Automatic driving systems are by no means immune to errors. B) Driverless vehicles are likely to be misused by some people. C) Self-driving car manufacturers are not aware of the legal matters involved. D) There is a long way to go before humans can interact with driverless vehicles. 答案：A 定位： 第1段第1句。“even systems designed to automate driving are far from being errorproof.” What is the problem with requiring buyers to sign end-user license agreements? A) End users, young and old alike, find the terms complex to interpret. B) Most end users sign them without bothering to read the terms. C) Many people are often confused by the wording of the terms. D) Most end users do not understand the terms after reading them through. 答案：B 定位： 第2段。“most end users don't read EULAs. A 2017 study shows 91 percent of people agree to them without reading. Among young people, 97 percent agree without reviewing the terms.” What would drivers do when they suffer from "warning fatigue"? A) Waste no time keeping the car moving. B) Rest a while to avoid fatigue driving. C) Take no action despite repeated warnings. D) Take note of the message though fatigued. 答案：C 定位： 第4段第2句。“a driver, annoyed after receiving continuous warnings, could decide to just ignore the message.” What does the author think of continuing to ask buyers to sign end-user license agreements? A) It will probably not guarantee the safety of drivers in case of accidents. B) It likely won't ensure that the automatic driving system functions properly. C) It likely won't fully protect automakers against accusations of deliberate cheating. D) It will probably not provide manufacturers adequate protection from legal responsibilities. 答案：D 定位： 第4段最后一句。“even if this mode of obtaining consent is to move forward, it likely won't fully protect automakers from their legal liability should the system malfunction or an accident occur.” What should be done to help drivers fully understand system capabilities and limitations? A) Training them to be experts in vehicle automation. B) Familiarizing them with the systems through training. C) Broadening their knowledge of accident-prevention mechanisms. D) Facilitating their access to the information provided by the seller. 答案：B 定位： 最后一段第1句。“Driver training for self-driving vehicles can help ensure that drivers fully understand system capabilities and limitations.” 题型特点 Passage One 是标准四级仔细阅读选择题，通常5题，顺序与文章顺序基本一致。题目多考查： 细节理解 同义替换 作者态度 因果关系 转折对比 解题步骤 先读题干，不读选项。 划关键词：人名、专有名词、比较对象、因果词。 回原文定位。 读定位句前后各一句。 对比选项，选“同义替换”项，不选“原词堆砌但逻辑错误”项。 本篇文章重点 46题：人车交互研究 → 自动驾驶系统绝非不会出错。 47题：签署终端用户许可协议的问题 → 大多数终端用户不阅读条款就签署。 48题：“警告疲劳” → 尽管反复收到警告，但不采取任何行动。 49题：继续要求签署协议 → 可能无法为制造商提供足够多免除法律责任的保护。 50题：帮助驾驶员充分了解系统 → 通过培训让他们熟悉系统。 注意转折 文章多次出现： But However Further Given 这些地方最容易出题。尤其注意： 自动驾驶系统远不能避免出错。 大多数终端用户不阅读协议就同意。 “警告疲劳”和分心驾驶令人担忧。 驾驶员培训有助于了解系统功能和局限。 选项排除技巧 绝对化选项常错：all, never, completely, only。 无中生有常错：文章没提的内容。 张冠李戴常错：把“驾驶者责任”说成“制造商责任”。 答非所问常错：观点正确，但不是题干所问。 Do you ever blend up a protein drink for breakfast or grab a protein bar following an afternoon workout? If so, you are likely among the millions of people in search of more protein-rich diets. Protein-enriched products are found everywhere. But contrary to all the publicity that everyone needs more protein, most Americans get twice as much as they need. Many of us living in the most developed countries are buying into a myth of protein deficiency created by food companies and self-identified health experts. Global retail sales of protein supplement products reached an astonishing US$18.9 billion in 2020. But are we really in need of more protein? Physicians in the U.S. have never actually examined a patient with protein deficiency because simply by eating an adequate number of daily calories we are also most likely getting enough protein. In fact, Americans currently consume almost twice the National Academy of Medicine's recommended daily intake of protein although the most desirable protein intake may vary depending on age and activity level. For example, if you're a dedicated athlete you might need to consume higher quantities of protein. Generally, though, a 140-pound person should not exceed 120 grams of protein per day, particularly because a high protein diet can strain kidney and liver function and increase risks of developing heart disease and cancer. While fats and sugar have taken the beating in turns since over a century ago, protein has managed to remain our red-hot favorite. In the 1970s through the 1990s, protein products remained visible but moved back somewhat with the dietary spotlight firmly fixed on low-calorie, low-fat, sugar-free snack foods and beverages following the publication of studies linking sugar and saturated fat consumption to heart disease. Later research in 2003, however, suggested high-protein diets could aid in weight loss, and protein quickly regained its former nutrient-superstar status. Now most people living in high-income nations are consuming enough protein. When we replace meals with a protein bar or drink, we also risk missing out on the rich sources of antioxidants, vitamins and many other benefits of real food. 你是否曾为早餐调配一杯蛋白质饮料，或在下午锻炼后吃一根蛋白质棒？如果是这样，你很可能是数百万寻求更多富含蛋白质饮食的人群中的一员。 富含蛋白质的产品随处可见。但是，与每个人都需要更多蛋白质的宣传相反，大多数美国人摄入的蛋白质是他们所需量的两倍。 我们许多生活在最发达国家的人们都相信了一个由食品公司和自诩为健康专家的人创造的蛋白质缺乏的错误观念。2020年，全球蛋白质补充剂产品的零售额达到了惊人的189亿美元。 但我们真的需要更多蛋白质吗？美国的医生从未真正检查过蛋白质缺乏症患者，因为只要每天摄入足够的热量，我们就很可能也摄入了足够的蛋白质。 事实上，美国人目前的蛋白质摄入量几乎是美国国家医学科学院建议的每日蛋白质摄入量的两倍，尽管最理想的蛋白质摄入量可能因年龄和活动水平而有所不同。 例如，如果你是一名专业运动员，你可能需要摄入更多的蛋白质。然而，通常情况下，一个体重140磅的人每天的蛋白质摄入量不应超过120克，特别是因为高蛋白饮食可能会对肾脏和肝脏功能造成压力，增加患心脏病和癌症的风险。 一个多世纪以来，脂肪和糖一直轮流受到攻击，而蛋白质却一直是我们的最爱。 从20世纪70年代到90年代，蛋白质产品仍然可见，但在将糖和饱和脂肪的摄入与心脏病联系起来的研究报告发表后，人们饮食的焦点就牢牢锁定在低热量、低脂肪、无糖零食和饮料上，蛋白质产品的关注度有所下降。 不过，后来2003年的研究表明，高蛋白饮食有助于减肥，蛋白质很快又恢复了其昔日营养素超级明星的地位。 现在，大多数生活在高收入国家的人都摄入了足够的蛋白质。当我们用蛋白棒或蛋白饮料代替正餐时，我们也有可能错过真正食物中丰富的抗氧化剂、维生素和许多其他有益物质。 文章主题：美国蛋白质摄入过量、蛋白质宣传神话与天然食物的价值 What do we learn about publicity over protein in America? A) It has helped to create the myth of protein deficiency. B) It has helped Americans in search of protein-rich diets. C) It has raised a lot of health concerns among the public. D) It has been funded by food companies and health experts. 答案：A 定位： 第3段第1句。“buying into a myth of protein deficiency created by food companies and self-identified health experts.” Why have physicians in the U.S. never actually examined a patient with protein deficiency? A) Americans can purchase many kinds of protein-rich foods everywhere. B) Americans can absorb the number of calories recommended by food experts. C) Americans can get sufficient protein just by eating adequate foods daily. D) Americans can rely on food supplements to prevent protein deficiency. 答案：C 定位： 第4段第2句。“simply by eating an adequate number of daily calories we are also most likely getting enough protein.” What should people take into consideration in deciding on the most preferable protein intake? A) How healthy they are and what food they eat. B) How old they are and what activities they do. C) How much protein they consume and what their body weight is. D) How serious their protein deficiency is and what remedies they use. 答案：B 定位： 第5段。“the most desirable protein intake may vary depending on age and activity level.” What foods have been largely out of favor for more than a century? A) Sugar-free snacks. B) Protein-rich foods. C) Both red and white meats. D) Sugary and fatty foods. 答案：D 定位： 第7段。“While fats and sugar have taken the beating in turns since over a century ago, protein has managed to remain our red-hot favorite.” What does the author imply people in developed countries should do to keep healthy? A) Enjoy natural food. B) Eat vegetarian diets. C) Consume enough protein daily. D) Replace meals with protein bars. 答案：A 定位： 最后一段。“When we replace meals with a protein bar or drink, we also risk missing out on the rich sources of antioxidants, vitamins and many other benefits of real food.” 文章主题 本文讨论： 蛋白质产品随处可见。 大多数美国人摄入蛋白质是所需量的两倍。 食品公司和健康专家制造了蛋白质缺乏的错误观念。 美国医生从未检查过蛋白质缺乏症患者。 最理想蛋白质摄入量因年龄和活动水平而异。 一个多世纪以来，脂肪和糖轮流受到攻击，蛋白质一直受青睐。 高收入国家大多数人摄入足够蛋白质。 用蛋白棒或蛋白饮料代替正餐可能错过真正食物的营养。 作者暗示人们应享用天然食物。 题目定位 51题：美国蛋白质宣传 → 帮助制造了蛋白质缺乏的错误观念。 52题：美国医生从未检查蛋白质缺乏症患者 → 美国人只需每天吃足够食物就能获得足够蛋白质。 53题：最理想蛋白质摄入量 → 年龄和活动水平。 54题：一个多世纪以来基本不受欢迎的食物 → 含糖和高脂肪食物。 55题：发达国家人们保持健康 → 享用天然食物。 关键同义替换 create the myth of protein deficiency = buying into a myth of protein deficiency get sufficient protein just by eating adequate foods daily = eating an adequate number of daily calories... getting enough protein age and activity level = age and activity level sugary and fatty foods = fats and sugar have taken the beating enjoy natural food = missing out on... benefits of real food 注意逻辑关系 But：转折处常出题。 In fact：强调处常出题。 While：让步处常出题。 However：转折处常出题。 推断题技巧 55题问“What does the author imply people in developed countries should do to keep healthy?” 最后一段说： 大多数生活在高收入国家的人都摄入了足够的蛋白质。 用蛋白棒或蛋白饮料代替正餐，可能错过真正食物中的营养。 因此选A“Enjoy natural food.” 不要选D“Replace meals with protein bars”，因为原文说这样做可能错过真正食物的营养。 排除法 过于绝对的选项：only, never, completely, guarantee。 与原文矛盾的选项。 把“蛋白质宣传”说成“健康担忧”。 把“摄入足够蛋白质”说成“保持健康的方法”。 先题后文：先读10个题干，划关键词。 定位优先：专有名词、数字、引号、最高级最先找。 同义替换：不要只找原词，要看改写。 段落可重复：不要因为一段选过就完全排除。 先易后难：明显题先做，抽象题后做。 时间控制：10—12分钟。 不要通读全文：扫读定位即可。 顺序原则：题目顺序通常与文章顺序一致。 定位句前后：答案常在定位句前一句或后一句。 同义替换：正确选项多为原文改写。 转折重点：but, however, yet, on the other hand 后常出答案。 观点题：注意 researchers found, scientists argue, advocates argue。 推断题：不选原文直接复述，选合理推断。 排除法：绝对化、无中生有、张冠李戴、答非所问。 时间控制：两篇共约18—20分钟。 题号 答案 36 C 37 J 38 F 39 A 40 E 41 K 42 G 43 B 44 I 45 D 题号 答案 46 A 47 B 48 C 49 D 50 B 题号 答案 51 A 52 C 53 B 54 D 55 A 以上即为 2024年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）Reading Comprehension Section B 和 Section C 的原文识别、汉语译文、答题策略和答案速查。
一、Section B 原文与汉语译文
Stop thinking and start doing
汉语译文
停止思考，开始行动
Section B 答题策略
Section B 答题策略
二、Section C 原文与汉语译文
Passage One
汉语译文
Passage One 答题策略
Passage One 答题策略
Passage Two
汉语译文
Passage Two 答题策略
Passage Two 答题策略
三、Section B 与 Section C 通用答题策略
Section B 段落信息匹配
Section C 仔细阅读
四、答案速查
Section B
Section C Passage One
Section C Passage Two
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