高三英语复习-语法高频错题-谓语非谓语

（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 56.to be held (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals.

【译】大集，即大型露天集市，通常在农历的特定日期举行，例如尾数为五或七的日子。它们也常常在春节、中秋节等中国传统节日以及其他地方节日期间举办。

【析】It is + adj. + for sb/sth to do sth 为固定句型，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；逻辑主语 them（指大集）与 hold 之间是被动关系，需用不定式的被动形式，故填 to be held。

（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 64.being (be) early at 8am. It's time for my dan tian 65.to meet (meet) another life force: coffee.

【译】课程结束时，我依然十分清醒，尽管早上八点还很早。是时候让我的丹田去迎接另一种“生命之力”了：咖啡。

【析】第一空：空处位于介词 despite 之后，应用动名词，代词 it 是其逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构作宾语，故填 being。第二空：It's time for sb/sth to do sth 是固定句型，意为“是某人/某物该做某事的时候了”，故填 to meet。

（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60.walks (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time... The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the silk road.

【译】此外，温室周围的“丝绸之路花园”引导游客走过一段受古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，正是通过这条丝路，丝绸以及许多植物物种首次传入英国……这座花园还有一条蜿蜒的小径，引导游客穿越丝绸之路的十二个地区。

【析】纵观全句没有谓语，故空处应填谓语动词；主语 the Silk Route Garden 与 walk 是主动关系（walk 在此为及物动词），全文用一般现在时描述其功能，故填 walks。

（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common themes in their works... Some of the things that Tang was writing about 58.were (be) also Shakespeare's concerns.

【译】汤显祖与莎士比亚是同时代的人，两人都于 1616 年去世。尽管他们从未谋面，他们的作品中却有共同的主题……汤显祖所写的一些内容，也是莎士比亚所关注的。

【析】此处缺少谓语动词，主语为 Some of the things，that Tang was writing about 是修饰 things 的定语从句；再根据句意可知描述的是过去的事实，故填 were。

（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）These sepals (萼片) open on warm days 58.to give (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium(铝). In cold weather, the structure stays 59.closed (close) to protect the plants.

【译】这些萼片在温暖的日子里张开，为里面的植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。该设计包含十片由玻璃和铝制成的钢制“萼片”。天气寒冷时，这个结构保持闭合以保护植物。

【析】第一空：不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了给……提供……”，故填 to give。第二空：stays 是系动词，后接形容词作表语，表示状态，故填 closed，意为“关闭的”。

（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）Not the pandas, even though the language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60.visiting (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.

【译】不是熊猫，尽管医疗训练说明所用的语言其实是英语。他们要接待大量国际游客，也要接待常常前来探望熊猫的中国动物园管理员——这些熊猫是从中国租借来的。

【析】空处修饰名词 Chinese zookeepers，与其是逻辑上的主动关系，用 -ing 形式作定语，visiting 意为“来访的”，故填 visiting。

（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 61.was (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.

【译】接下来是无穷无尽的台阶。你不禁会想，当年的人们要把所有这些石头摆放到位，该有多难。虽然这是你上山途中唯一不天然的东西，但它仍为整个旅程增色，并提供了一处可以坐下来歇歇酸痛双腿的地方。

【析】考查主谓一致和时态：主语是第三人称单数 it，时间状语是 then（那时），所以用一般过去时，故填 was。

（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe (探测器) --- the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess --- 61.touched (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.

【译】中国已成为第一个在月球背面着陆航天器的国家。无人探测器“嫦娥四号”——其名取自中国古代的月亮女神——上周在月球南极-艾特肯盆地着陆。

【析】last week 作时间状语表明事件发生在过去，用一般过去时；touch down 为固定搭配，意为“着陆、降落”，故填 touched。

（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 to find and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67.means (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68.is constructed (construct).”

【译】中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号上的仪器来寻找和研究南极-艾特肯盆地的区域。“这真的让科学家们兴奋，”布朗大学的科学家卡尔·皮特斯说，“因为它意味着我们有机会获取关于月球是如何构成的信息。”

【析】第一空：主语 it 为第三人称单数，用一般现在时，故填 means。第二空：the moon 与 construct 之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is constructed。

（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65.have reported (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.

【译】近年来，努纳武特的一些因纽特人报告说，人类聚居地附近目击到熊的次数有所增加，这使人们相信熊的数量正在增长。

【析】由 in recent years 可知，此处表示从过去某时一直持续到现在，用现在完成时；主语为复数，故填 have reported。

（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Steam engines 65.were used (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.

【译】蒸汽机车被用来牵引车厢，加上浓烟和噪音，对乘客来说一定相当难受。然而，这条铁路很快证明极为成功，六个月内每天就有超过 25,000 人乘坐。

【析】考查谓语动词（一般过去时的被动语态）：文章叙述的是过去的事，且主语 Steam engines 与 use 是动宾关系（被动），故填 were used。