语法专项训练——虚拟语气

模拟试题

I. 单句语法填空

1.Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ___________ (do) something instead of just talking. 

2.Jane’s pale face suggested that she was ill, and her parents suggested that she __________ (have) a medical examination.

3.It was John who broke the window. Why are you taking to me as if I ______________ (do) it?

4.The manager demanded that the workers ____________ (work) extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.

5.Put in the glass, the chopstick looks as if it ______________ (break).

6.She insisted that the man had stolen her wallet and that he ____________________ (send) to the police station.

7.I ________ (go) through that bitter period without your generous help.

8.My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he ________ (focus) more on our children’s education.

9.Had it not been for their timely rescue, the old lady ________ (lose) her life.

10.They might have found a better hotel if they ________ (drive) a few more kilometers.

11.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ________ (save).

12.If someone ________ (ask) you that question Wednesday morning, you would possibly have had no problem recalling what you had for dinner the night before.

13.I am sure I would have lost him if I ________ (continue) dancing.

14.If motorists ________ (avoid) speeding on highways, there would not be more traffic accidents reported.

15.I would rather Tom ________ (come) to see me in the office instead of at home tomorrow.

16.Obviously, it is high time that we ________ (take) effective measures to tackle the problem.

17.The doctor recommended that you ________ (not) swim after eating a large meal.

18.How I wish every family ________ (have) a large house with a beautiful garden!

19.They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn’t ________ (stick) in the storm.

20.The old man treated the boy as if he ________ (be) his own son.

21.If it were not for the fact that you ________ (be) ill, I would ask you to do this right now.

22.The woman stood by the river still as if she ________ (turn) into a stone.

23.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________ (is) at the age of six months.

24.— Did you go to the party last night?

— Yes, but I’d rather I ________ (go) there. It was so boring.

25.Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ have fallen since their highest in 2005.

26.Jack has never been to China, but he talks about it as if he ________ (be) there many times.

27.A proposal was made to the State Council that Beijing hutongs ________ (preserve) as part of the effort to retain China’s cultural legacy.

28.It is essential that every student ________ (teach) about discipline and responsibility before graduation from high school.

29.If we ________ (book) a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in the long queue now.

30.I will not take his suggestion that I ________ (try) to lose weight, because being fat suggests that I am happy.

Ⅱ. 语篇语法填空

Tom and Peter are twins. They look as if they 1. ________ (be) the same person. Both the two boys are smart, but Tom is hard-working while Peter is lazy. Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn’t. However, people believe if Peter 2. ________ (work) as hard as Tom, he would do as well as his brother in his study.

At home, their parents suggest that they 3. ________ (finish) their homework before playing computer games. But Peter insists that it 4. ________ (be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time. Their mother gives in in the end.

One day, when doing his homework, Tom found he made a serious mistake. So he put his exercise book aside and used another one. When Peter found the previous exercise book, he

5. ________ (strike) out Tom’s name and signed his name on its cover, and handed it in as his own homework the next day.

When the teacher told the truth to the twins’ mother, she was very angry and shouted at Peter. “How I wish you 6. ________ (be) as diligent as your brother! Now it’s time that I 7. ________ (give) you a good lesson. And you mustn’t play any computer games for a month!”

“Oh, no! Mom. Without a computer for such a long time, I 8. ________ (die). I would rather you 9. ________ (ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.” Peter was upset.

“If you 10. ________ (finish) your homework on time yesterday, you wouldn’t be punished now,” said the mother.

【参考答案】

模拟试题

I. 单句语法填空

1.did 句意：杰克是个空谈家。现在该是他做点实事而不是光说话的时候了。本题考查“It is (high/about) time that...”句型。该句型表示“早该做某事了”，隐含“现在做已经有点晚了”的意思，that从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时（或“should + 动词原形”，但更常用过去时）。故填did。

2.(should) have 句意：简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她的父母建议她去做个医疗检查。本题考查动词“suggest”的两种不同用法。第一个“suggested”意为“表明”，其宾语从句使用陈述语气（was）；第二个“suggested”意为“建议”，其宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should) + 动词原形”。故填(should) have。

3.had done 句意：是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你跟我说话的样子好像是我打破的？本题考查“as if”引导的方式状语从句。根据句意，“我打破窗户”这个动作发生在“对我说话”之前，且与过去事实相反（因为打破窗户的是John），所以从句谓语动词要使用过去完成时，表示对过去情况的虚拟。故填had done。

4.(should) work 句意：经理要求工人们加班工作以提前完成任务。本题考查表示“命令、要求、建议”等动词后的宾语从句虚拟语气。这类动词（如demand, order, suggest, insist等）后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用“(should) + 动词原形”。“demand”属于此类动词。故填(should) work。

5.were broken 句意：筷子放进水里，看起来好像是断的。本题考查“as if”引导的表语从句。当主句的谓语动词是“look, seem, sound”等时，如果“as if”从句所描述的情况不是事实，而是基于主观印象的比喻或夸大，则常用虚拟语气。根据句意，筷子并没有真断，只是看起来像，且“looks”表明是现在的情况，所以从句用一般过去时（be动词用were）。故填were broken。

6.(should) be sent 句意：她坚持认为是那个男人偷了她的钱包，并坚持要求把他送到警察局。本题考查动词“insist”的两种不同用法。第一个“insisted”后接的“that the man had stolen ...”是“坚持认为”的内容，叙述一个事实，故用陈述语气（过去完成时）。第二个“insisted”后接的“that he ... to the police station”是“坚决要求”做的事情，所以其宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should) + 动词原形”。此外，“他”和“送”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填(should) be sent。

7.couldn’t have gone 句意：如果没有你们慷慨相助，我不可能度过那段艰辛的岁月。without your generous help是含蓄条件句。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气时，主句用“could+have done”。故填couldn’t have gone。

8.focused 句意：我丈夫总是谈论经济，但我宁愿他多关注一下我们孩子的教育。分析句子结构可知，此处应为“would rather+从句”结构，从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气，根据并列句的谓语动词is always talking可知，此处表示的是现在的情况，所以谓语动词应使用一般过去时，focus与句子主语he之间为主动关系。故填focused。

9.would have lost 句意：如果不是他们及时救援，那位老太太就会失去生命。分析句子可知，本句涉及if虚拟条件句的省略，完整的从句应是If it had not been for their timely rescue，是对过去情况的虚拟，主句谓语动词要用would have done，故填would have lost。

10.had driven 句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“They might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if they ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态。故填had driven。

11.would have been saved 句意：如果我了解这种电脑程序的话，就会节约大量的时间和精力了。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处是省略了if的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以主句谓语动词应用“would/could/should/might have+过去分词”的形式；主语a huge amount of time and energy和动词save之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态。故填would have been saved。

12.had asked 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果有人在周三早上问你这个问题，你可能会毫不犹豫地回忆起前一天晚上吃了什么。根据主句的谓语动词“would have had”可知，此处与过去事实相反，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。故填had asked。

13.had continued 句意：我相信如果我继续跳舞的话，我会失去他的。根据主句would have lost him可知，此处是虚拟语气，且表示与过去的事情相反，故从句谓语用“had +过去分词”。故填had continued。

14.avoided 句意：如果驾驶者在高速公路上避免超速行驶，就不会有更多的交通事故被报道了。分析句子可知，此处为if引导虚拟语气句型中从句谓语动词的填入，结合句意以及主句动词would not be可知，此处应为对现在情况的假设，所以从句动词为一般过去时。故填avoided。

15.came 句意：我宁愿汤姆明天来办公室找我，而不是在家里。would rather后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，根据后文tomorrow可知，表示与将来事实相反用一般过去时。故填came。

16.took/should take 句意：显然，现在是我们采取有效措施解决这个问题的时候了。it is high time that意为“到了……的时候了”，为固定句式，从句谓语应用did/were或should do。故填took/should take。

17.shouldn’t 句意：医生建议你吃完大餐后不要游泳。表示“命令、建议、请求、要求”的动词后跟宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词应用“(should+)动词原形”的形式。故填shouldn’t。

18.had 句意：多么希望每个家庭都有一栋有美丽花园的大房子。根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是wish接宾语从句的虚拟语气，且是对现在虚拟，因此谓语动词要用一般过去式。故填had。

19.have been stuck 这是一个含蓄条件句，谓语动词用虚拟语气，根据上文They set off for the destination too late可知，与过去事实相反，谓语动词用would have done，主语they和谓语动词stick之间是被动关系，空格前有wouldn’t。故填have been stuck。

20.were 根据The old man与the boy之间的关系，可知说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的，as if要用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词要用过去式，是连系动词be时，要用were。故填were。

21.are 句意：如果不是因为你病了，我想请你现在就做。fact后的同位语从句表示的是事实，要用一般现在时，不用虚拟语气；you后面系动词用are。故填are。

22.had turned 句意：那个女人一动不动地站在河边，好像变成了一块石头。as if从句表示所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，应用虚拟语气；此处是表示与过去事实相反的事实，应用过去完成时。故填had turned。

23.(should) be 句意：眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。recommend表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句的谓语要用“(should+)动词原形”。故填(should) be。

24.had not gone/hadn’t gone 句意：——昨晚你去参加聚会了吗？——是的，但我宁愿我没有去那里，太无聊了。would rather后的宾语从句用虚拟语气；根据句意可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，因此从句的谓语应用“had done”形式。故填had not gone/hadn’t gone。

25.should/would/might/could not 句意：如果没有政府和科学家的共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡率就不会从2005年的最高点下降。此处使用了虚拟语气，虚拟条件句省略了if，将had提前。根据句意和从句中的“Had”和“worked”可知，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，主句应用“主语＋should/would/might/could+have done”形式。故填should/would/might/could not。

26.had been 句意：Jack从来没去过中国，但他说起中国来好像他去过很多次似的。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处表示与过去事实相反，应用had done形式。故填had been。

27.(should) be preserved 句意：作为保护中国文化遗产的一部分，一项关于保护北京胡同的提案已提交国务院。proposal意为“提案”，that引导的是同位语从句，从句需用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可省略。Beijing hutongs和preserve之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填(should) be preserved。

28.(should) be taught 句意：每个学生在高中毕业之前都应该接受纪律和责任的教育，这是至关重要的。It is essential that ...是固定句型，意为“……是至关重要的”，其中It是形式主语，that引导主语从句，从句中用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。every student和teach之间是被动关系，因此空处应用被动语态。故填(should) be taught。

29.had booked 句意：如果我们早点订了位子，现在就不会排这么长的队了。由earlier和now可知，句子是错综时间条件句，if引导的从句是对过去情况的虚拟，因此空处所在句子应用过去完成时had done。故填had booked。

30.(should) try 句意：我不会接受他关于我应该努力减肥的建议，因为肥胖意味着我很快乐。suggestion后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。故填(should) try。

II. 语篇语法填空

1.were 句意：汤姆和彼得是双胞胎。他们看起来好像是同一个人。根据句意可知说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的，as if要用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词要用过去式，是连系动词be时，要用were。故填were。

2.worked 句意：然而，人们相信，如果彼得像汤姆一样努力学习，他在学习上会做得和他哥哥一样好。本句是if条件句的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词需用过去式。故填worked。

3.(should) finish 句意：在家里，他们的父母建议他们在玩电脑游戏之前，应该完成他们的家庭作业。这里考查suggest意为“建议”时在宾语从句中的虚拟语气，suggest that sb. (should) do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。故填(should) finish。

4.is 此题考查insist的用法。句意：但是彼得坚持认为只要他能及时交作业，就可以先玩游戏。insist作“坚持（认为）”解时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作“坚持（应该）”解时，宾语从句才用虚拟语气。结合句意可知，本处是“坚持认为”之意。故填is。

5.struck 此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：当彼得发现前一个练习本时，他划掉了汤姆的名字，并在封面上签上了自己的名字。空处所填的谓语动词与signed并列，都应是动词的一般过去式。故填struck。

6.were 句意：我多么希望你像你哥哥一样勤奋！根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是句型How I wish后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，并且是对现在事实的假设，动词要用一般过去式。故填were。

7.gave/should give 句意：现在是我好好教训你一顿的时候了。在句式“It is (high) time that ...”中，that从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去式或should do，should不可以省略。故填gave/should give。

8.would die 句意：如果长时间没有电脑，我会死的。根据句意可知，此处表示对将来发生事情的假设。故填would die。

9.asked 句意：我宁愿你让我一个人洗碗一个月。根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是I would rather后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，而且是对现在情况的虚拟，谓语动词要用一般过去式。故填asked。

10.had finished 句意：如果你昨天按时完成了作业，你现在就不会受到惩罚了。根据语境可知，If后面的句子表述的是一种与过去事实相反的假设，应使用对过去的虚拟语气，形式为“had+过去分词”。故填had finished。