2019-1-ReadingPartA-T4-1-1
文章主题：《美国最高法院裁定各州可向电商征收销售税》
States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states.
词汇：
1.Supreme Court n.最高法院
【Step 1】找谓语
States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states.
·动词 will be able to force 时态：一般将来时
·动词 make 时态：一般现在时
·动词 will leave 时态：一般将来时
·动词 is 时态：一般现在时
【Step 2】断句
States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax[when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday <that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states>].解析：本句包含2个从句，分别是：1.一个由when引导的时间状语从句；2.一个由that引导的定语从句。
when引导的时间状语从句：
States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax [when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday <...>].判断方法：1.位置：在句尾：完整句when...<表示主句谓语动词动作发生的时间>。
that引导的定语从句：
...a Supreme Court decision Thursday <that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states>].判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.从句不完整<从句谓语动词缺主语——that指代名词decision在从句中作主语>。
重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
主句：
Stateswill be able to force more people to pay sales tax...when引导的时间状语从句：
...[when theymake online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday <...>].1.under a Supreme Court decision——是介宾结构作状语：理解为“在最高法的裁定下进行线上购物”。that引导的定语从句：
... <that will leaveshoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states>.1.leave sb with sth——译为“给某人留下某物”【Step 3】翻译
States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax [when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday <that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states>].1.本句结构复杂，因此翻译时，要注意断句，把其译为中文的短句。2.【后置定语翻译方法： 词数>8个词通常采取后置译法；≤8个词通常采取前置译法】——故that引导的定语从句采取后置译法，即单独成句。主句：
英文：Stateswill be able to force more people to pay sales tax...中文：各州将可以强迫更多的人支付销售税...
when引导的时间状语从句：
英文：...[when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday <...>].中文：...在最高法周四的裁定之下，当他们进行线上购买的时候。that引导的定语从句：
英文：under a Supreme Court decision Thursday <that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states>.中文：该裁定将给购物者留下更轻的钱包，但于各州而言，该裁定是一个大的经济胜利。各州将可以强迫更多的人支付销售税，在最高法周四的裁定之下，当他们进行线上购买的时候，该裁定将给购物者留下更轻的钱包，但于各州而言，该裁定是一个大的经济胜利。
终译：根据最高法院周四的裁定，各州将有权强制更多的人为在线购物支付销售税，这会让消费者的钱包瘪下去，但对各州而言是财政上的一大胜利。
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