考研英语长难句|2018 英一翻译真题句精析,拆解并列 + 嵌套从句!
考研英语中,长难句是阅读、翻译、新题型的核心拦路虎,尤其是并列结构 + 多层从句嵌套的句子,更是真题高频考点。今天我们以2018 年考研英语一翻译真题中的经典长难句为例,手把手拆解句子结构、梳理核心考点、总结翻译技巧,帮你吃透这类难句!Court, school, organizations of amateurs, and the traveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment and no boy who went to a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.本句选自莎士比亚时代戏剧发展相关文本,属于考研英语人文历史类高频题材,包含并列主语、定语从句、宾语从句、并列谓语多重考点,是翻译题的重难点句。长难句拆分原则:先找连词(and/that/who/which),拆分并列句和从句,再抓主干翻译高频考点复用:并列结构、从句嵌套、否定转移是考研英语每年必考,吃透这句可迁移至同类难句本句为并列句,由and连接两个独立分句,我们分两部分拆解:原句:Court, school, organizations of amateurs, and the traveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment主干:主语(Court...actors)+ 系动词(were)+ 表语(rivals)核心成分并列主语:Court, school, organizations of amateurs, the traveling actors(宫廷、学校、业余剧团、巡演演员)状语:in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment(在满足大众对戏剧娱乐的普遍需求方面)难点:4 个名词并列作主语,易因主语过长忽略谓语,需先抓并列核心。原句:no boy who went to a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England主句主干:no boy could be ignorant(没有学生是无知的→所有学生都知道)从句嵌套定语从句 1:who went to a grammar school(修饰 boy,就读文法学校的)宾语从句:that the drama was a form of literature(作 ignorant 的宾语,戏剧是一种文学形式)定语从句 2:which gave glory...and might yet bring honor...(修饰 literature,曾为希腊罗马增辉,或将为英国带来荣耀)难点:否定词 no + 多层从句,需理清修饰关系,避免翻译混乱。amateur n. 业余爱好者;amateur organizations 业余剧团grammar school 文法学校(英国历史上的古典教育学校)并列结构:并列主语、并列谓语(gave...and might yet bring...)从句嵌套:定语从句修饰名词 + 宾语从句作形容词宾语否定转移:no boy could be ignorant that → 所有学生都知道(否定表肯定,翻译必用技巧)宫廷、学校、业余剧团与巡演演员,竞相满足大众对戏剧娱乐的普遍需求;所有就读文法学校的学生都深知,戏剧是一种曾为希腊罗马铸就荣光、亦终将为英国赢得殊荣的文学形式。并列主语简化:英文多名词并列,中文用顿号连接,简洁流畅否定转肯定:no boy could be ignorant that → 所有学生都深知(避免直译 “没有学生不知道” 的生硬感)定语从句前置:多层定语从句整合为前置修饰语,符合中文表达习惯词性转换:rivals(名词)→ 竞相(动词),让译文更生动考研英语长难句没有捷径,逐句拆解、理清结构、总结技巧,才能在考场上快速破题。