北京朝阳区2027届高三上期中考试英语试卷(含详细解析)
- 2026-11-06 21:47:50
2026北京朝阳高三（上）期中
英 语
(考试时间 90分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答,在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10 小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳 选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
第一节、完形填空
In 2008, I underwent a procedure to clean my ears. The first 1 that something was wrong afterwards was a continuous noise that emerged suddenly in my left ear. I did not think much of it at first, until I realised my left ear could not hear sounds as they really were.
After conducting several hearing tests, a specialist 2 that I had significant hearing loss in my left ear, while my right ear had become overly sensitive to sound. He said that I would 3 become deaf. I unwillingly accepted this new reality. I was studying music at the time, dreaming of becoming a professional violinist in New York. My violin, once a source of great joy, became 4 noise because my ears tensed up whenever I played.
Despite the difficulties, I 5 my studies and graduated with a music degree in 2009. Yet I completely stopped playing music. My violin gathered dust, while shame slowly 6 in my belly at my inability to continue to enjoy music.
Fortunately, I found other ways to be creative. Writing became an emotional 7 for me, and I created an online magazine. Although I still experienced discomfort and sometimes envied musicians, I found pleasure in writing, editing and supporting young creatives.
It has taken 15 years for me to finally feel 8 simply enjoying music as an audience member. I once avoided concerts and seeing friends perform because I was scared that I would be overcome by the longing to play myself, but now I’ve learned to appreciate music as a source of joy again, rather than a/an 9 of what could have been. I no longer wish I was a musician. I’m happy to watch others 10 on stage.
1．A．sign B．attempt C．symbol D．message
2．A．predicted B．recalled C．assumed D．confirmed
3．A．accidentally B．immediately C．eventually D．temporarily
4．A．unbearable B．demanding C．meaningless D．ordinary
5．A．broke off B．pushed through C．put aside D．gave up
6．A．cleared B．faded C．pooled D．passed
7．A．edge B．outlet C．excuse D．trial
8．A．content B．patient C．familiar D．safe
9．A．example B．proof C．record D．reminder
10．A．practice B．gather C．shine D．celebrate
第二节:语法填空，读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
During times of stress, maintaining structure and routine can help you feel organized and offer a sense of control. According to psychologist Rachel Goldman, scheduling things you may not be motivated to do will help keep you 11 track and overcome the urge to keep putting them off. However, if you find yourself 12 (struggle) to get started at a certain time, that means you may need a mental break. In those moments, consider 13 might help you feel better and get motivated.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Ancient human DNA can survive on cave walls and rock art for thousands of years, a study has found. Rock art, mainly consisting of images 14 (make) with red paint, is thought to be the oldest form of cave drawings. Between 2022 and 2025, researchers 15 (take) samples from 11 caves containing rock art and discovered ancient human DNA in some red markings for the first time. This discovery offers us the opportunity to uncover stories about the people who created the art, 16 could deepen our understanding of past societies.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Every April, a group of students gather on a farm in Montana 17 (plant) trees along a small river. Their work is muddy, hands-on, and 18 (hope). The goal is to create a welcoming habitat for beavers (河狸), which 19 (know) as amazing engineers because they build dams out of mud and tree branches, shaping water flow and reducing floods. By providing building material for beavers, the annual project is expected to help restore the river ecosystem. If successful, native trees 20 (spread) naturally, thus creating a positive cycle.
第二部分:阅读理
Volunteers Wanted
• Age: 16 – 50
• English: Basic level
• Experience: No prior experience required
• Nationality: Helping hands from all over the world are welcome
• Background Check: Required
• Required Documents: A resume, a personal photo and a background check report
• Availability: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and SaturdayAbout the Program
The volunteer programs in Arusha, Tanzania empower local youth with confidence, skills, and opportunities to build a brighter future. You can choose one from the following programs:
• Step inside Jithubutu Cultural Center, share your own traditions and feel Tanzanian culture come alive through music, dance, language, and storytelling. You’ll organize creative workshops, practice Swahili phrases, and trade ideas with passionate local artists.
• Working hour: 10:00 a.m. – 6:30 p.m. Lunch included.
• Tie up your boots and guide tomorrow’s stars with Arydo Football. As a volunteer football coach in Tanzania, you’ll run drills, plan strategies, and coach boys and girls who live for the beautiful game.
• Working hour: 9:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m.
• Support youth development through Pamoja Basketball, which is a community-led initiative dedicated to empowering youth through sports and teamwork. Your day starts with planning periods with the local team, followed by afternoon basketball coaching.
• Working hour: 9:30 a.m. – 6:30 p.m.Free-time Activities
When you’re not creating impact in the community, Arusha invites you to immerse yourself in the magic of Tanzania, with special discounts just for our volunteers. Please click to find more:
Safaris Movies Climbing
Town tour Hiking Courses
21．To apply for the programs, volunteers need to ________.
A．be able to work every weekday
B．submit a background check report
C．have a good command of English
D．have previous volunteer experience
22．The programs in Arusha aim to ________.
A．promote Tanzanian culture worldwide
B．create job opportunities for local artists
C．cultivate the volunteers’ love for sports
D．support local youth’s personal development
23．What are the volunteers expected to do?
A．Train local coaches on football strategies.
B．Establish basketball clubs for local youth.
C．Invite locals to free-time activities like safaris.
D．Lead workshops to promote cultural exchange.
The maps and colors of my geology work were running together in my mind, and it was time for a break. I opened my email and saw the result of my application to the 2025 U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship Program: honorable mention. When I checked the awardee list, I noticed an unexpected trend: computer science or artificial intelligence (AI). Even the few natural science proposals awarded funding seemed more focused on the application of AI than on the actual research question. This shift toward AI felt like a betrayal (背叛), as if the fundamental science was no longer “good enough”.
In my undergraduate studies, I enjoyed studying the tangible (有形的) things around me. I never imagined myself using that advanced technology. When I drafted my fellowship proposal, I followed in the strong tradition of observation, mapping, and statistics.
As I began my Ph.D．, my adviser pushed me to think beyond the tangible into the abstract, and I began to work with an aerospace engineering professor who excelled in AI. I realized those tools were an application of the math I already knew. Maybe I, too, could learn to use them.
At first I looked for university courses, but most were locked behind heavy computer science knowledge. My adviser encouraged me to move from coursework instruction to experiential learning. That’s when I realized: “What better tool to introduce me to AI than AI itself?”
With the help of a large language model, I began training a machine learning model to tackle a problem in earth science. It was frustrating with every error code and missing dependency, but slowly the pieces came together. Before long, I was developing AI tools to identify geologic landforms from publicly available data. Rather than spending weeks mapping, I drew the same structures in a few afternoons. Automation reduced the sampling bias associated with manual mapping and freed me to ask deeper questions about the natural features I was finding.
It’s been over a year since that email. That initial frustration has faded, and I feel transformed. This changing world doesn’t have to be the end for the science I love. I can embrace the blocks of code without losing the rocks that brought me here.
24．How did the author feel after checking the awardee list?
A．Disappointed and envious.
B．Shocked and discouraged.
C．Confused and embarrassed.
D．Surprised and regretful.
25．How did the author learn to use AI in her research?
A．By adopting experiential learning.
B．By taking computer science courses.
C．By working with an aerospace professor.
D．By relying on traditional research methods.
26．What benefit did the author gain from AI tools in her geology research?
A．She obtained additional research funding.
B．She removed human involvement in research.
C．She discovered new types of geologic landforms.
D．She saved mapping time to explore deeper questions.
27．What does the story mainly tell us?
A．Accepting failure brings inner peace.
B．Optimism lights the path for tomorrow.
C．Being adaptable leads to personal growth.
D．Interest-driven efforts will yield good results.
What if a small electrical signal through the face could help the brain remember more clearly? Researchers in Belgium found that bursts of stimulation, delivered via skin electrodes (电极), appear to improve signalling between cells in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for memory. In the study, this helped people better remember what strangers did for a living. “If the benefits hold up, that could make this stimulation suitable for a wearable device and potentially accessible to more people,” says Siyar Bahadir at The Feinstein Institutes in New York.
Brain stimulation has been linked to improved memory before, but it is usually invasive (侵入性的) or requires people to lie in a scanner. In 2024, researchers showed that a non-invasive technique passing a weak current through the face to the brain sparked the trigeminal nerve, a brain nerve linking the face and brain. This then activated a pathway to the hippocampus, leading researchers to ask whether it affects memory.
They tested rats, stimulating their trigeminal nerve via skin electrodes. They found that 1-second bursts of 200-hertz stimulation, separated by 29 seconds of rest, increased signalling between hippocampal neurons by about 20 percent. This lasted at least 90 minutes after stimulation. Continuous stimulation had no effect. The researchers believe this intermittent stimulation may activate a memory-related brain region, explaining why the effect lasts after stimulation stops.
The researchers then studied nine people with drug-resistant epilepsy (癫痫) who had electrodes implanted in their brains for routine monitoring. Skin electrodes around their jaw delivered the same pattern of trigeminal stimulation for 20 minutes. This produced a similar hippocampal response as in rats.
But stronger brain activity does not necessarily mean better memory. They tested memory in 36 healthy adults, who had one trigeminal stimulation session and one control session, at least two days apart. The participants memorised names and occupations that went with 12 faces, tested after 2 minutes. After that, they received 20 minutes of stimulation while resting and were tested again. The stimulation improved occupation recall only. The degree of improvement was roughly equal to one extra association being remembered.
It’s unclear why only occupation recall improved. McLaughlin suggests jobs like teaching bring to mind images of schools and classrooms, while names are harder to remember without personal connections. This suggests that memory may be influenced not only by what we learn, but also by how the brain processes and connects new information.
Now the team is comparing the trigeminal stimulation with arm nerve stimulation in volunteers to determine whether stimulating nerves outside the brain can also improve memory. If both produce similar effects, the role of the trigeminal stimulation itself may need to be reconsidered.
28．What does the word “intermittent” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A．Constant. B．Periodic.
C．Random. D．Frequent.
29．What can we learn about the trigeminal stimulation?
A．Its memory benefits lasted for 20 minutes.
B．Brain electrodes were essential to its effects.
C．It improved memory for both names and occupations.
D．Humans and rats responded comparably in the hippocampus.
30．What is implied in the passage?
A．The impacts of stimulating different nerves are similar.
B．Trigeminal stimulation may help the brain process information.
C．Invasive stimulation is as effective as non-invasive stimulation.
D．Non-invasive technique may activate the brain to form personal connections.
We admire people who help others, yet we are surrounded by people who often automatically seek a hidden motive behind selfless acts and may, once they discover such motives, treat the do-gooder worse than those acting openly in their own interest. This is known as do-gooder derogation.
Consider the public goods game. Each participant contributes money to a shared pool that accumulates interest like a bank account and is eventually divided equally, the best strategy being to contribute as much as possible. But this is risky: selfish actors can share little, keep their account full, and take a bite out of others' contributions.
You might expect participants to look down on these free riders. In reality, generous contributors can be criticised just as strongly. “No one else does what he does; he makes us all look bad,” participants explain. Psychologist Nichola Raihani suggests these people are playing a “status game”: they may suspect that others are faking virtue to boost their social standing, which may reveal more about their own status anxiety.
Occasionally their suspicions are justified. Imagine that your friend Andy volunteers at a homeless shelter because he secretly hopes to bond with the manager, Daisy. If such behaviour puts you off, you are not alone: Studies suggest that people judge Andy more negatively than someone taking a coffee-shop shift for the same reason. This isn't logical: true motives are hidden, and their "crime" is the same, yet people are more judgemental of the person benefiting the needy through a conventional charitable act, a phenomenon known as the tainted altruism effect.
Sebastian Hafenbrädl at the University of Navarra has explored this effect, assuming it arises from an unconscious calculation weighing the social rewards for an apparently good deed against its size and personal cost. "What taints prosocial actors is not self-interest itself, but the perception that they try to gain social rewards without paying the corresponding price, making them seem deceptive," he proposed. What deserves criticism, then, is deception rather than self-interest itself. Insisting on purely altruistic motives may discourage people from helping others.
Some people may do good simply to feel good, some people may do good to seek social rewards, and some people may act from genuine altruism with no hidden motives at all. But don't let do-gooder derogation cloud the point. The warm glow from helping others is what we cannot ignore. Be a do-gooder whether there is a hidden motive or not.
31．The author mentions the “status game” to ________.
A．explain a phenomenon
B．make a comparison
C．introduce a strategy
D．challenge a belief
32．What can we learn from Sebastian Hafenbrädl's argument?
A．Acting with self-interest is morally unacceptable.
B．Charitable acts are motivated by hidden self-interest.
C．Judgements of good deeds depend on reward-cost balance.
D．Tainted altruism exists independent of social recognition.
33．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Pure altruism possesses superior moral value.
B．Do-gooder derogation weakens the value of charitable acts.
C．Personal satisfaction is the primary motive for selfless deeds.
D．Helping others remains worthwhile regardless of one's motives.
34．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Why Do Do-Gooders Seek Social Rewards?
B．What Makes Good Deeds Seem Less Genuine?
C．Why Are Some People So Suspicious of Do-Gooders?
D．What Makes People Focus on Prosocial Actors' Motives?
There are two kinds of people in the world: people who hear the words “spoiler alert” — a warning that a key plot detail is about to be revealed — and immediately cover their ears, and people who say, “No, tell me. Does the dog die?” The first group regards spoilers as story killers. The second sees them as a public service. 35 Spoilers actually change the emotional experience we are about to have. The question is whether they change it for the better or for the worse.
Some people seek spoilers because they want the emotional ride to feel more manageable. Suspense can be exciting, but uncertainty can also be stressful. Knowing what happens can function like an emotional seatbelt. 36 That is why someone might want to know whether a dog dies before deciding to watch. They are trying to regulate their emotional experience. For people who are sensitive to distressing content, spoilers can make an otherwise difficult film enjoyable by giving them a sense of control. This finding got a lot of attention with headlines like: Spoilers do not spoil stories!
37 People may lose the sweet expectation that makes a story so rewarding. Spoiler-avoiders are trying to protect something, too. They want the suspense, the surprise, the fear, and the shock as the story unfolds. To them, a spoiler is emotional interference; it robs them of the experience they seek. That's why people can be so protective of shows, books, or films they care about. 38 For spoiler-avoiders, uncertainty is the point.
The deeper question behind spoiler preferences is how much uncertainty we can tolerate, and when knowing helps us cope rather than robs us of the experience. Your spoiler preference does not mean you are emotionally fragile because you want to know the ending. It also does not mean you are emotionally superior because you refuse to. Your spoiler preferences can shift based on many factors. 39
A．That said, spoilers frequently do ruin the viewing experience.
B．The real issue here goes beyond whether someone likes surprises.
C．Knowing the outcome is more valued than knowing how we get there.
D．It lowers the emotional volume enough for the person to stay engaged.
E．They reflect the kind of emotional experience you want for yourself at that moment.
F．The more emotionally invested they are, the more they want to guard that experience.
G．Some want just enough information to feel safe without losing the element of surprise.
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
At the top of every post I have published sits a name in thick black print. It’s mine. It is attached to the ideas and whatever credit follows from them.
Further down, in small gray type beside the date, there is a second name. Almost nothing you have read here is published without passing before those eyes.
This is not unique to publishing. Every product launch has engineers who never appear on stage, and every start-up’s origin story has critical people silently edited out of it. The truth is that it takes a village; good work always has invisible hands on it. They are the people who help improve our work without seeking attention or credit.
What these invisible hands do really matters. Part of their work is to hold those they work with to a standard on the days when we can’t hold it ourselves. And part of their work is to believe in our work before there is any evidence that it will succeed, which is the only time when belief really counts.
When the invisible hands look at a piece of work, the desire to change things is great for those asked to comment, evaluate, or edit. It takes real insight to recognize that it’s done and leave no mark at all. In this sense, their finest work may come in the form of the changes they don’t make. The wisdom to know when to step in and when to step back is precisely what makes them so valuable.
Although their names may never appear on the cover, their influence runs through every page. Our names go on the work. But we do not work alone, and we are not good alone. The people who make us better rarely ask for anything, which is exactly why they deserve to be seen.
So here is the whole of it: Find the invisible hands in your life, honor them, and then become one yourself.
40．What do invisible hands refer to?
41．What do these invisible hands do?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
> What makes invisible hands valuable is the wisdom to make as many changes to others’ work as possible.
43．Who serves as an invisible hand in your life? Use an example to explain. (In about 40 words)
二、完形填空
三、语法填空
四、书信写作
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。2026世界青年科学家峰会正面向青少年征集创意作品，你的外国朋友Jim打算参加，为此发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 提出的建议；
2. 建议的理由。
提示词：峰会 summit
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A D C A B C B D D C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B D D B A D C B D B
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A C D C B D A F E T
题号 41 42 43
答案 T W M
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．C
【导语】文章主要讲述作者耳部术后听力受损，放下小提琴后在写作中找到新的价值。
【详解】1．考查名词。句意：术后，事情不对劲的第一个迹象是我的左耳突然出现了持续的响声。A. sign迹象；B. attempt尝试；C. symbol象征；D. message信息。根据下文“something was wrong afterwards was a continuous noise that emerged suddenly in my left ear”可知，持续的耳鸣是身体出问题的信号、迹象。
2．考查动词。句意：在做了几项听力测试之后，一位专科医生证实我的左耳听力严重受损，而我的右耳对声音变得过度敏感。A. predicted预测；B. recalled回忆；C. assumed假定；D. confirmed证实。根据上文“After conducting several hearing tests”可知，做完听力检查后医生证实了听力受损的情况。
3．考查副词。句意：他说我最终会失聪。A. accidentally意外地；B. immediately立刻；C. eventually最终；D. temporarily暂时地。根据下文“become deaf.”可知，医生告知作者最后有可能会耳聋。
4．考查形容词。句意：我的小提琴曾经是巨大快乐的源泉，如今却变成了难以忍受的噪音，因为每当我演奏时，我的耳朵就会紧绷难受。A. unbearable难以忍受的；B. demanding要求高的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文“my ears tensed up whenever I played”可知，拉琴时耳朵难受，琴声成了难以忍受的噪音。故选A项。
5．考查动词短语。句意：尽管困难重重，我坚持完成学业，并在2009年取得音乐学位毕业。A. broke off中断；B. pushed through坚持完成；C. put aside搁置；D. gave up放弃。根据下文“graduated with a music degree in 2009”可知，作者克服困难坚持读完学业。
6．考查动词。句意：我的小提琴落满灰尘，而因为没办法继续享受音乐，羞愧感慢慢在心底积聚。A. cleared清除；B. faded消退；C. pooled积聚；D. passed通过。根据上文“shame slowly”以及下文“in my belly”可知，羞愧的情绪在内心慢慢聚集。
7．考查名词。句意：写作成了我的情感宣泄出口，我创办了一本线上杂志。A. edge边缘；B. outlet（情绪）宣泄途径；C. excuse借口；D. trial试验。根据上文“I found other ways to be creative”可知，写作是释放情绪的出口。
8．考查形容词。句意：我花了十五年时间，才终于能够安心地单纯作为一名听众欣赏音乐。A. content满足的；B. patient耐心的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. safe安心的、无顾虑的。根据下文“I once avoided concerts and seeing friends perform because I was scared that I would be overcome by the longing to play myself, but now I’ve learned to appreciate music as a source of joy again”可知，作者不再害怕，能够安心欣赏音乐。
9．考查名词。句意：我曾经避开音乐会，也不去看朋友们演出，因为我害怕自己会被想要演奏的强烈渴望淹没，但如今，我学会重新把音乐当作快乐的源泉去欣赏，而不是用来提醒自己那些本有可能实现的事。A. example例子；B. proof证据；C. record记录；D. reminder提醒物。根据下文“what could have been”可知，音乐曾经不断提醒作者自己错失的音乐梦想。
10．考查动词。句意：我很乐意看着别人在舞台上大放异彩。A. practice练习；B. gather聚集；C. shine发光、出彩；D. celebrate庆祝。根据上文“I no longer wish I was a musician. I'm happy ”以及下文“on stage”可知，作者愿意看到别人在舞台上大放异彩。shine on stage是固定表达，表示在舞台上大放光彩。
11．on 12．struggling 13．what
【导语】本文主要介绍了在压力时期保持规律作息与日程规划的积极作用，以及当出现行动困难时应适当休息、调整状态的心理调适建议。
【详解】11．考查介词。句意：心理学家蕾切尔·戈德曼表示，把那些你可能没动力去做的事安排进日程，有助于让你保持正轨，克服拖延的冲动。keep sb on track是固定搭配，表示“使某人保持正轨”。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，如果你发现自己在某个时间段很难开始行动，那就意味着你可能需要休息一下大脑。find sb.+非谓语动词是固定结构，宾语yourself与提示词struggle之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，要将struggle变成现在分词struggling。
13．考查宾语从句。句意：在这些时候，想想什么能帮你感觉好一些、重新获得动力。空处引导宾语从句，所填连接词在该从句中作主语，表示“什么”，用连接代词what。
14．made 15．took 16．which
【导语】本文介绍了一项研究发现古人类DNA可以在洞穴岩壁和岩画上留存数千年，研究人员在岩画红色颜料痕迹中发现古人类DNA，该发现有助于进一步了解古代社会。
【详解】14．考查非谓语动词。句意：岩画主要由红色颜料绘制而成的图像构成，被认为是最古老的洞穴绘画形式。句中已有谓语动词is thought to be，空处应用非谓语动词，images和make之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。
15．考查动词时态。句意：2022至2025年间，研究人员从11处有岩画的洞穴采集样本，并首次在一些红色印记中发现了古人类DNA。时间状语Between 2022 and 2025为过去时间段，and连接并列谓语，空处和下文discovered般保持一致，也要用一般过去时。
16．考查定语从句。句意：这一发现为我们提供了发掘创作者相关故事的机会，这可以加深我们对古代社会的理解。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事情，在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词which。
17．to plant 18．hopeful 19．are known 20．will spread
【导语】本文主要介绍了每年四月蒙大拿州学生沿小河植树、为河狸提供筑坝材料，借助河狸修复河流生态系统并形成良性循环的年度环保项目。
【详解】17．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年四月，一群学生聚集在蒙大拿州的一处农场，沿着一条小河种植树木。句中有谓语动词gather，提示词plant是动词，其前无并列连词，要变成非谓语动词；_______ (plant) trees along a small river是gather on a farm的目的，要填动词不定式to plant作目的状语。
18．考查形容词。句意：他们的工作满是泥泞、需要亲自动手，且充满希望。本句是主系表结构，and连接形容词muddy、hands-on和所填词作表语，要填形容词；结合下文“The goal is to create a welcoming habitat for beavers (河狸)”可推知，他们的工作具有正面意义，要将hope变为形容词hopeful，意为“充满希望的”。
19．考查时态、语态与主谓一致。句意：该项目的目标是为河狸打造适宜的栖息地，河狸作为出色的工程师广为人知，因为它们用泥土和树枝建造水坝，调节水流形态并减少洪涝灾害。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词beavers（复数名词），beavers和动词know之间是被动关系，且此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态are known。
20．考查时态。句意：如果项目取得成功，本土树木将会自然扩散生长，由此形成良性循环。If successful是if引导的条件状语从句的省略结构，完整表达是If it is successful，所填词在主句中作谓语，遵循“主将从现”的原则；主语native trees和提示词spread之间是语义上的主动关系，谓语用will spread。
21．B 22．D 23．D
【导语】文章主要介绍坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙志愿者招募信息，包含招募要求、三个不同方向的志愿项目以及志愿者可参与的休闲活动。
【详解】21．细节理解题。根据原文Volunteers Wanted部分“Required Documents: A resume, a personal photo and a background check report.(所需文件：一份简历、一张个人照片以及一份背景调查报告。)”可知，志愿者需要提交一份背景调查报告。
22．细节理解题。根据原文About the Program部分第一段“The volunteer programs in Arusha, Tanzania empower local youth with confidence, skills, and opportunities to build a brighter future.(坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙的志愿项目帮助当地青年获得自信、技能以及机遇，去创造更光明的未来。)”可知，这些项目旨在助力当地青年的个人发展。
23．细节理解题。根据原文About the Program部分第二段“You’ll organize creative workshops, practice Swahili phrases, and trade ideas with passionate local artists.(你将组织创意研习班，练习斯瓦希里语短句，并和热情的当地艺术家交流想法。)”可知，志愿者需要组织研习班，促进文化交流。
24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文介绍了一位地质学研究者从最初抵触AI热潮，到主动学习并运用AI开展地质研究，最终实现自我转变的经历。
【详解】24．推理判断题。根据第一段“When I checked the awardee list, I noticed an unexpected trend: computer science or artificial intelligence (AI). Even the few natural science proposals awarded funding seemed more focused on the application of AI than on the actual research question. This shift toward AI felt like a betrayal (背叛), as if the fundamental science was no longer “good enough”.(当我查看获奖者名单时，我注意到一个出人意料的趋势：计算机科学或者人工智能(AI)。即使少数获得资助的自然科学提案也似乎更加关注人工智能的应用，而不是实际的研究问题。这种向人工智能的转变感觉像是一种背叛，仿佛基础科学已经不再“足够好”。)”可知，作者看到获奖者名单上的趋势时感到意外，同时因基础科学不再被足够重视而感到沮丧受挫。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“My adviser encouraged me to move from coursework instruction to experiential learning.(我的导师鼓励我从课程学习转向体验式学习。)”可知，导师鼓励作者脱离课程学习，通过体验式学习来掌握AI。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段“Rather than spending weeks mapping, I drew the same structures in a few afternoons. Automation reduced the sampling bias associated with manual mapping and freed me to ask deeper questions about the natural features I was finding.(我不用花费数周时间绘制地图，只用几个下午就画出了相同的构造。自动化减少了人工绘图带来的抽样偏差，让我能够腾出精力针对所发现的自然特征提出更深层次的问题。)”可知，AI节省了绘图时间，让作者能够探究更深层次的问题。
27．主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及最后一段“That initial frustration has faded, and I feel transformed. This changing world doesn’t have to be the end for the science I love. I can embrace the blocks of code without losing the rocks that brought me here.(最初的挫败感已经消散，我感觉自己发生了改变。这个不断变化的世界并不意味着我热爱的科学走到尽头。我可以接纳代码，同时不放弃带我走入这一领域的地质学研究。)”可知，文章讲述作者接纳新工具、主动适应变化并实现自我成长的故事，懂得适应能够带来个人成长。
28．B 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文介绍一项研究：通过面部电极微弱电刺激三叉神经，可以激活通往海马体的通路，提升记忆相关信号传递，同时介绍了实验过程、发现以及待解决的疑问。
【详解】28．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“They found that 1-second bursts of 200-hertz stimulation, separated by 29 seconds of rest, increased signalling between hippocampal neurons by about 20 percent. This lasted at least 90 minutes after stimulation. Continuous stimulation had no effect.(他们发现，持续1秒的200赫兹刺激，间隔29秒休息，能使海马神经元之间的信号传递增加约20%。这种效果在刺激结束后至少持续90分钟。持续刺激没有效果)”可知，这种刺激不是连续不断的，而是间断、周期性进行的。所以划线词的意思是“周期性的，间断的”，与Periodic意思相同。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Skin electrodes around their jaw delivered the same pattern of trigeminal stimulation for 20 minutes. This produced a similar hippocampal response as in rats.(下巴周围的皮肤电极以相同模式进行20分钟三叉神经刺激，产生了和大鼠体内相似的海马体反应)”可知，人类和大鼠的海马体反应具有可比性。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers believe this intermittent stimulation may activate a memory-related brain region, explaining why the effect lasts after stimulation stops.(研究人员认为，这种间歇性刺激可以激活和记忆相关的脑区，这也解释了为何刺激停止后效果依然存在)”根据第六段中的 “It’s unclear why only occupation recall improved. McLaughlin suggests jobs like teaching bring to mind images of schools and classrooms, while names are harder to remember without personal connections. This suggests that memory may be influenced not only by what we learn, but also by how the brain processes and connects new information.(前还不清楚为什么只有职业相关记忆得到改善。麦克劳克林推测，像教师这类职业，很容易让人联想到学校、教室这类画面；而姓名缺少相关的个人关联，更难记住。这说明，记忆不仅受学习内容的影响，还取决于大脑加工、关联新信息的方式)”以及结合全文三叉神经刺激提升记忆的实验，可推知三叉神经刺激或许有助于大脑处理信息。
31．A 32．C 33．D 34．C
【导语】本文讲述了“善行贬低效应”，即人们常会揣测行善者背后存在隐藏动机，甚至苛责行善之人，文章介绍相关实验与研究，并指出无论行善是否带有隐藏动机，助人本身依然值得肯定。
【详解】31．推理判断题。根据第三段“In reality, generous contributors can be criticised just as strongly. “No one else does what he does; he makes us all look bad,” participants explain. Psychologist Nichola Raihani suggests these people are playing a “status game”: they may suspect that others are faking virtue to boost their social standing, which may reveal more about their own status anxiety.(事实上，慷慨的贡献者同样会受到强烈指责。参与者解释道：“没人会像他那样做，他让我们所有人都很难堪。”心理学家Nichola Raihani认为这些人在进行一场“地位博弈”：他们会怀疑别人假装高尚来提升社会地位，这或许更多暴露了他们自身对地位的焦虑。)”可知，作者提到“地位博弈”是为了解释慷慨行善者也遭到批评这一现象。
32．推理判断题。根据第五段“Sebastian Hafenbrädl at the University of Navarra has explored this effect, assuming it arises from an unconscious calculation weighing the social rewards for an apparently good deed against its size and personal cost.(纳瓦拉大学的Sebastian Hafenbrädl研究了这一效应，他认为该效应源于一种无意识的权衡，人们会衡量一件表面善行带来的社会回报，以及善行的规模和个人付出的代价。)”可知，Sebastian Hafenbrädl认为人们对善行的评判取决于回报与付出之间的平衡。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Be a do-gooder whether there is a hidden motive or not.(无论是否存在隐藏动机，都要去做行善之人。)”可知，从最后一段可以推断出，不论一个人的动机是什么，帮助他人依然是有价值的。
34．主旨大意题。全文围绕“贬损行善者”的现象展开，分析了人们总无端揣测行善者背后有隐藏动机、甚至苛责行善者的原因，C选项“为什么有些人会对行善者抱有这么大的疑心？”最贴合全文核心，适合用作标题。
35．B 36．D 37．A 38．F 39．E
【导语】本文讲述了世界上存在两种对待剧透的人，有人害怕剧透，有人主动想要剧透，分析了剧透会改变人们的情感体验，以及不同人偏好剧透或者避开剧透背后的原因。
【详解】35．上文“The first group regards spoilers as story killers. The second sees them as a public service.(第一类人认为剧透会毁掉故事体验，第二类人则把剧透看作一种便民分享。)”说明人们对剧透有着截然不同的看法，下文“Spoilers actually change the emotional experience we are about to have.(剧透实际上会改变我们即将拥有的情感体验。)”引出剧透对情感体验的影响。选项B“真正的问题不只是一个人是否喜欢惊喜。”承接上文两种不同态度，引出下文更深层的讨论，起到承上启下的作用。
36．上文“Knowing what happens can function like an emotional seatbelt.(知道后续发展就像一条情感安全带。)”说明剧透可以起到情绪缓冲的作用，下文“That is why someone might want to know whether a dog dies before deciding to watch.(这就是为什么有些人在决定观看之前，会想知道小狗会不会死去。)”举例说明人们想借剧透来调节情绪。选项D“它把情绪强度降到合适程度，让人能够继续投入其中。”解释“情感安全带”的作用，贴合上下文。
37．下文“People may lose the sweet expectation that makes a story so rewarding.(人们可能会失去那份让故事充满乐趣的美好期待。)”说明剧透带来的负面影响。选项A“尽管如此，剧透常常会毁掉观看体验。”开启转折，引出避开剧透的人的理由。
38．上文“That’s why people can be so protective of shows, books, or films they care about.(这就是为什么人们会极力守护自己喜爱的剧集、书籍或者电影。)”说明人们想要守护这份观影体验，下文“For spoiler-avoiders, uncertainty is the point.(对于拒绝剧透的人来说，未知感才是重点。)”点明拒绝剧透者的核心追求。选项F“他们投入的情感越多，就越想要守护这份体验。”承接上文，进一步说明人们想要保护观影感受的原因。
39．上文“Your spoiler preferences can shift based on many factors.(你对剧透的偏好会受很多因素影响而发生改变。)”说明剧透偏好不是固定不变的。选项E“它们反映出在那一刻你自己想要什么样的情感体验。”句中They指代前文的spoiler preferences，解释偏好背后的本质。
40．They refer to the people who help improve others’ work without seeking attention or credit. 41．They help others stick to work standards when they can’t, and believe in their work before it shows signs of success. 42．What makes invisible hands valuable is the wisdom to make as many changes to others’ work as possible.
Reason: Their value comes from the wisdom to know when to step in and when to step back, not making as many changes as possible. 43．My English teacher is an invisible hand. She patiently polished my essays late into the night without asking for credit, constantly encouraging me before I saw any progress, which helped me win a writing contest.
【导语】文章主要讲述了生活中默默付出的隐形援手的价值，呼吁人们感恩并成为这样的人。
【详解】40．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“They are the people who help improve our work without seeking attention or credit.(他们是帮助我们完善工作，却从不追求关注和荣誉的人)”可知，invisible hands指的是那些默默帮助他人完善工作、从不追求关注和荣誉的幕后支持者。
41．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Part of their work is to hold those they work with to a standard on the days when we can’t hold it ourselves. And part of their work is to believe in our work before there is any evidence that it will succeed, which is the only time when belief really counts.(他们的部分工作是在我们自己无法坚守标准的日子里，让共事的人守住标准；另一部分工作是在我们的工作还没有任何成功迹象时就选择相信它，这才是信念真正有价值的时刻)”可知，他们既会在他人状态不佳时帮其守住工作标准，也会在工作尚未有成功迹象时就选择信任支持。
42．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“The wisdom to know when to step in and when to step back is precisely what makes them so valuable.(懂得何时介入、何时放手的智慧，恰恰是他们如此有价值的原因)”可知，隐形援手的核心价值不是尽可能多地修改他人作品，而是把握好介入和放手的边界。故答案为错误部分：What makes invisible hands valuable is the wisdom to make as many changes to others’ work as possible. 原因：Their value comes from the wisdom to know when to step in and when to step back, not making as many changes as possible.
43．考查开放性题目。题目：谁是你生活中无形的助力？结合生活场景举例即可，符合40词左右的要求。示例：我的英语老师就像一只无形的手。她耐心地在深夜为我修改作文，从不求回报，总是在我看不到进步之前不断鼓励我，这帮助我赢得了一场写作比赛。
44．Dear Jim,
I am glad to hear that you plan to participate in the 2026 World Youth Scientist Summit. Regarding your inquiry, I strongly suggest you submit an innovation that addresses a real-life problem.
For instance, you can design a smart device for environmental protection or a health-monitoring app. The reason is that judges tend to favor practical projects with clear social value. Moreover, combining your project with current global issues like climate change will definitely impress the audience. Such a choice can fully demonstrate your creativity and sense of responsibility.
I hope my advice will be helpful. Wish you great success in the summit.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华身份给外国朋友Jim回邮件，就他参加2026世界青年科学家峰会创意作品征集活动提出建议并说明相应理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关于：regarding → concerning
当前的：current→ prevailing
结合：combine→ integrate
使印象深刻：impress→ astound
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Moreover, combining your project with current global issues like climate change will definitely impress the audience.
拓展句：Moreover, if your project is combined with current global issues like climate change, it will definitely impress the audience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad to hear that you plan to participate in the 2026 World Youth Scientist Summit.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Regarding your inquiry, I strongly suggest you submit an innovation that addresses a real-life problem.(运用了省略了that的宾语从句且从句使用了虚拟语气，that引导的限制性定语从句)
