2010-1-ReadingPartA-T3-4-1
文章主题:《社会流行潮的传播》
The researchers' argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.
词汇:
1.argument n.论据、理由、论点
2.stem from v.来自于、起源于、由...造成、出于
3.observation n.观察
4.with the exception of prep.除了...以外
5.celebrity n.名人
6.outsize adj.特大的、超大型的
7.presence n.存在
8.interpersonal adj.人际的
【Step 1】找谓语
The researchers' argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.
·动词短语 stems from 时态:一般现在时
·动词 is 时态:一般现在时
·动词短语 don't interact with 时态:一般现在时
【Step 2】断句
1The researchers' argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: 2With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—[whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence]—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.
解析:本句是由冒号连接的两个并列句<A:B表示B是对A的解释说明>,其中,在并列句2中包含一个whose引导的定语从句。
whose引导的定语从句:
...Oprah Winfrey—[whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence]—...
判断方法:1.位置:在名词|代词后;2.指代功能:代入翻译通顺即可<whose=先行词的=Oprah Winfre's> <直译:奥普拉·温弗瑞的超大存在主要是媒体影响的功能,而非人际影响>。
重点成分标注:
主语:在句首|谓语前
宾语:在动词|介词后
表语:在系动词后
主语:蓝色;谓语:红色;表语:绿色;宾语:紫色;宾补:深蓝
并列句1:
1The researchers' argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:...
其中,
1.about social influence——介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词observation【判断方法:1.位置:在名词|代词后;2.代入翻译通顺即可,即译为“...的”<对社会影响的观察>】
并列句2:
...2With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—[...]—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.
其中,
1.With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey——介宾结构作状语【判断方法:1.位置:在句首|句尾|主谓之间:句首:介宾结构,完整句.】
2. of a population——介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词members。
whose引导的定语从句:
...Oprah Winfrey—[whose outsize presenceis primarily a functionof media, not interpersonal, influence]—...
其中,
1.of media influence——介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词function;
2.not interpersonal——作为插入语插在名词短语media influence之间,表示media influence, not interpersonal influence,即媒体影响,而非人际影响。
【Step 3】翻译
1The researchers' argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: 2With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—[whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence]—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.
并列句1:
英文:1The researchers' argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:...
中文:这些研究人员的观点来源于一项有关社会影响的简单观察:...
改译:研究人员的观点基于对社会影响的一项简单观察:...
并列句2:
英文:...2With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—[...]—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others.
中文:...除了像奥普拉·温弗瑞这样的名人以外——...——甚至一个群体中最具影响力的成员都不能简单地与很多其他人进行互动。
改译:...除了像奥普拉·温弗瑞这样的个别名人以外——...——即使是一个群体中最具影响力的人也根本不会与那么多的人交往。
whose引导的定语从句:
英文:...Oprah Winfrey—[whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence]—...
中文:——奥普拉·温弗瑞的超大存在主要是媒体影响的功能,而非人际影响——
翻译解释:定语从句词数大于8个词,采取后置译法,即单独成句+重复先行词。
研究人员的观点基于对社会影响的一项简单观察:除了像奥普拉·温弗瑞这样的个别名人以外——奥普拉·温弗瑞的超大存在主要是媒体影响的功能,而非人际影响——即使是一个群体中最具影响力的人也根本不会与那么多的人交往。终译:研究人员的观点基于对社会影响的一项简单观察:除了像奥普拉·温弗瑞这样的个别名人——她的非凡影响力主要是媒体影响而非人际影响的作用——即使是一个群体中最具影响力的人也根本不会与那么多的人交往。