2025年真题及解析——阅读理解4选1
Passage Three
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
When Stella Davidsen Olsen was 12 years old, her father gave her and her twin sister a choice. Her family owned sled (雪橇) dogs, which can be expensive and a lot of work. Her father asked the girls whether they'd like to take care of the dogs. She and her sister immediately jumped into action, hunting and fishing to feed the dogs, and working to train them to pull sleds across Greenland's snow and ice. Now, 14 years later, she's raising sled dogs of her own. Her dogs are like family.
For generations, people in Greenland have relied on sled dogs for transportation and hunting. It's a proud tradition. Today, dogsled rides are a popular activity for tourists who travel to the island. But it's also a part of Greenland's unique culture that is under threat.
The number of sled dogs has been cut in half over the last 20 years—from 25,000 to 13,000, according to researchers at the University of Greenland. One of the reasons is that the traditional fishing and hunting culture is changing. Sled dogs are not as common in small settlements, and people are using other types of transportation.
Those who have long relied on dog-sledding also have to adapt to a warming climate. “This means that sea ice is not as common and as widespread as it was earlier on. And so, the use of the sled dog son the ice is limited,” a professor at the University of Greenland said. “And so,in that way, the sled dog population is declining because of the warming of the Arctic.” This means mushers like Olsen have to adapt in order to keep this tradition alive. She's considering buying a sled with wheels to train her dogs, to account for the fact that there is less snow lately.
11. Olsen's father asked his daughters whether they would like to__________.
A.feed the whole family
B.ski across snow and ice
C.look after their sled dogs
D.raise dogs for Greenland
12. It's a proud tradition for people in Greenland to use sled dogs for___________.
A.entertaining tourists
B.taking care of people
C.training other animals
D.hunting and transportation
13. Why has the number of sled dogs been cut in half over the last 20 years?
A. Because it is too expensive to own sled dogs.
B. Because the settlements have become smaller.
C. Because training sled dogs involves a lot of work.
D. Because the traditional fishing and hunting culture is changing.
14. What did Olsen consider doing in order to keep the tradition alive?
A. Pulling a sled by herself.
B. Fishing in a different place.
C. Cutting the number of sled dogs.
D. Buying a sled with wheels to train dogs.
15.The underlined word“mushers” in Para. 4 means people who___________.
A.buy a dog sled
B.drive a dog sled
C.travel around Greenland
D.hunt animals in Greenland
答案解析
11. Olsen's father asked his daughters whether they would like to ________.
答案：C
解析：文章第一段提到：
Her father asked the girls whether they'd like to take care of the dogs.
意思是：她的父亲问两个女儿是否愿意照顾这些狗。
题干中的 look after 和原文中的 take care of 是同义表达，都表示“照顾”。因此答案是 C. look after their sled dogs。
考点：细节理解题。这道题考查同义替换。专升本阅读中，答案往往不会完全照搬原文，而是把原文中的表达换一种说法。
12. It's a proud tradition for people in Greenland to use sled dogs for ________.
答案：D
解析：文章第二段第一句说：
For generations, people in Greenland have relied on sled dogs for transportation and hunting.
意思是：几代以来，格陵兰人一直依靠雪橇犬进行交通出行和狩猎。
因此答案是 D. hunting and transportation。
干扰项分析：
A 项有一定迷惑性。文章确实提到现在狗拉雪橇是游客喜欢的活动，但这不是“proud tradition”的核心内容。传统用途是交通和狩猎。
B 项和 C 项原文没有提到。
考点：细节理解题。做题时要注意题干中的关键词 proud tradition，回到原文定位后，答案在同一句中即可找到。
13. Why has the number of sled dogs been cut in half over the last 20 years?
答案：D
解析：文章第三段明确说：
One of the reasons is that the traditional fishing and hunting culture is changing.
意思是：其中一个原因是传统的捕鱼和狩猎文化正在发生变化。
因此答案是 D. Because the traditional fishing and hunting culture is changing.
干扰项分析：
A 项来自第一段中的信息。文章确实说养雪橇犬可能花费高、工作量大，但这不是第三段所说雪橇犬数量减半的主要原因。
B 项错误。原文说雪橇犬在小型聚居地中不再那么常见，并不是说聚居地变小了。
C 项也来自第一段，但不是数量下降的原因。
考点：原因细节题。遇到 why 题，要重点寻找原文中的 reason, because, as, since, due to 等提示词。
14. What did Olsen consider doing in order to keep the tradition alive?
答案：D
解析：文章最后一句说：
She's considering buying a sled with wheels to train her dogs...
意思是：她正在考虑买一辆带轮子的雪橇来训练她的狗。
原因是近来雪变少了，传统雪橇训练变得更困难。为了让雪橇犬传统继续下去，她需要适应新的气候环境。
因此答案是 D. Buying a sled with wheels to train dogs.
考点：细节理解题。这道题的关键词是 consider doing。原文中的 She's considering buying... 与题干完全对应。
15. The underlined word “mushers” in Para. 4 means people who ________.
答案：B
解析：musher 是一个和狗拉雪橇有关的词，指“赶狗拉雪橇的人；雪橇犬驾驶者”。
结合上下文来看，第四段前面一直在讲雪橇犬的使用、训练和传统，后面又提到：
mushers like Olsen have to adapt in order to keep this tradition alive.
意思是：像 Olsen 这样的雪橇犬驾驶者必须适应变化，才能让这一传统延续下去。
因此答案是 B. drive a dog sled。
考点：词义猜测题。做这类题时，不认识单词也不要慌。可以结合上下文判断：Olsen 饲养、训练雪橇犬，而雪橇犬用于拉雪橇，所以 mushers 指的是驾驶狗拉雪橇的人。
原文翻译
Stella Davidsen Olsen 12岁时，她的父亲给了她和她的双胞胎姐姐/妹妹一个选择。她家养着雪橇犬，而饲养雪橇犬费用可能很高，也需要付出大量精力。她的父亲问这两个女孩是否愿意照顾这些狗。她和姐姐/妹妹立刻行动起来，通过打猎和捕鱼来喂养雪橇犬，并训练它们在格陵兰的冰雪上拉雪橇。如今，14年过去了，她正在饲养自己的雪橇犬。对她来说，这些狗就像家人一样。
几代以来，格陵兰人一直依靠雪橇犬进行交通出行和狩猎。这是一项令人自豪的传统。如今，狗拉雪橇也成了前往这座岛屿旅游的游客喜爱的一项活动。但与此同时，它也是格陵兰独特文化的一部分，而这种文化正面临威胁。
格陵兰大学的研究人员表示，在过去20年里，雪橇犬的数量已经减少了一半，从25000只下降到13000只。其中一个原因是传统的捕鱼和狩猎文化正在发生变化。雪橇犬在小型聚居地中已不像过去那样常见，人们也开始使用其他交通方式。
长期依赖狗拉雪橇的人也不得不适应气候变暖。“这意味着海冰不像过去那样常见，也不像过去那样分布广泛。因此，雪橇犬在冰面上的使用受到了限制，”格陵兰大学的一位教授说，“所以，从这个意义上讲，雪橇犬数量的下降是由北极变暖造成的。”这意味着，像 Olsen 这样的雪橇犬驾驶者必须适应变化，才能让这一传统延续下去。她正在考虑购买一辆带轮子的雪橇来训练她的狗，因为最近雪越来越少了。
重点词汇与表达
1. sled dog
雪橇犬
sled 是“雪橇”，dog 是“狗”。sled dog 指专门用于拉雪橇的狗。
2. take care of
照顾；照料
原文：
take care of the dogs
意思是“照顾这些狗”。
它的同义表达是：
第11题正是考查 take care of = look after。
3. jump into action
立即行动起来
原文：
She and her sister immediately jumped into action...
意思是：她和姐姐/妹妹立刻行动起来。
这个表达很生动，比 simply began to do something 更有画面感。
4. rely on
依靠；依赖
原文：
people in Greenland have relied on sled dogs...
意思是：格陵兰人一直依靠雪橇犬。
例句：Many students rely on dictionaries when reading English articles.许多学生阅读英文文章时依赖词典。
5. transportation
交通；运输
原文：
for transportation and hunting
意思是“用于交通出行和狩猎”。
transportation 在阅读中常与 traffic、vehicle、travel 等词一起出现。
6. under threat
受到威胁；面临威胁
原文：
a part of Greenland's unique culture that is under threat
意思是：格陵兰独特文化中正面临威胁的一部分。
例句：Many traditional skills are under threat today.如今，许多传统技艺正面临威胁。
7. be cut in half
减少一半
原文：
The number of sled dogs has been cut in half...
意思是：雪橇犬的数量已经减少了一半。
这个表达在涉及数据变化的文章中很常见。
8. adapt to
适应
原文：
have to adapt to a warming climate
意思是：不得不适应气候变暖。
例句：Students need to adapt to new ways of learning.学生需要适应新的学习方式。
9. widespread
广泛分布的；普遍的
原文：
sea ice is not as common and as widespread as it was earlier on
意思是：海冰不像过去那样常见，也不像过去那样分布广泛。
10. keep this tradition alive
让这一传统延续下去
原文：
keep this tradition alive
这是很值得学生积累的表达。alive 在这里不是简单的“活着”，而是表示“继续存在”。
例句：Young people can help keep traditional culture alive.年轻人可以帮助传统文化延续下去。
阅读技巧点拨
这篇文章属于典型的文化传统与环境变化类阅读。文章表面上讲的是雪橇犬，实际上涉及三个更深层的话题：传统生活方式、文化传承和气候变化。
做这类文章时，可以抓住一条清晰的逻辑线：
个人故事 → 文化传统 → 数量下降 → 原因分析 → 如何适应变化
第一段从 Olsen 的个人经历写起，让文章更有故事性。第二段说明雪橇犬在格陵兰文化中的重要地位。第三段指出雪橇犬数量下降的事实和原因。第四段进一步说明气候变暖带来的影响，并回到 Olsen 如何努力延续传统。
这类文章的题目常常考查三个方面：
第一，原文细节定位，如第11、12、13、14题。第二，同义替换，如 take care of 对应 look after。第三，词义猜测，如第15题中的 mushers，要根据上下文判断其含义。
这篇文章也提醒学生，专升本阅读中经常会出现与自然、文化、环保、传统生活方式相关的话题。阅读时不仅要看懂单词，还要理解文章背后的逻辑：一种传统为什么重要，它为什么受到威胁，人们又如何努力适应变化。
