2013-2-ReadingPartA-T1-2-1
文章主题：《信息时代是平庸者的坟墓》
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.
词汇：
1.Davidson 戴维森<人名>
2.piece n.文章、作品
3.point n.观点、论点 make the point v.阐明观点、证明论点
4.stubbornly adv.固执地、顽强地
5.decline v.减少、下降、衰落
6.the Great Recession 经济大衰退
7.advance n.进展、进步、发展
8.globalization n.全球化
9.labor n.劳工、劳动力
【Step 1】找谓语
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.
·动词 is 时态：一般现在时
·动词 have appeared 时态：现在完成时
·动词 have 时态：一般现在时
·动词 is时态：一般现在时
·动词 are replacing 时态：现在进行时
【Step 2】断句
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces [that have recently appeared]making the point [that the reason <we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today> is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, <which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers>].
解析：本句中有4个从句：1个that引导的定语从句；1个that引导的同位语从句；1个省略关系词的定语从句；1个which引导的非限制性定语从句<有逗号>。
that引导的定语从句：
pieces [that have recently appeared]判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.结构：从句不完整<从句缺主语，即that指代pieces在从句中作谓语动词have appeared的主语>。
that引导的同位语从句：
the point [that the reason <...> is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession,but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, <...>].判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.结构：从句完整。省略关系词的定语从句：
the reason <we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today>
在英语中常见的可省略连接词的从句通常有2个：
1.定语从句：在名词|代词后；
2.宾语从句：在动词|介词后
该从句在名词reason后，因此优先考虑是定语从句；且why引导的定语从句先行词是reason，所以这是省略why的定语从句。
which引导的非限制性定语从句：
it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, <which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers>
判断方法：1.形式：从句前有逗号；2.指代功能：which指代名词the advances在从句中作谓语动词are replacing的主语。重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces [...] making the point...
其中，
1.making the point——非谓语短语作后置定语修饰名词pieces【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.代入翻译通顺即可，即译为“...的” <发表某观点的文章>】
that引导的定语从句：
[that have recently appeared]that引导的同位语从句：
[that the reason <...> is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession,but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, <...>].其中，
1.该从句是由and连接的两个并列句构成的；
2.because of the Great Recession——介宾结构作原因状语表示“the big drop in demand，即需求下降”的原因；
3.in both globalization and the information technology revolution——介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词advances【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.代入翻译通顺即可，即译为“...的” <在全球化和信息技术革命方面的发展>】
省略关系词的定语从句：
<we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today>
which引导的非限制性定语从句：
<which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers>
其中，
1.more rapidly than ever——作比较状语修饰动词replacing，表示“取代”的速度比以往更快；
2.with machines or foreign workers——介宾结构作方式状语，表示“用机器或外来务工”取代劳工。
【Step 3】翻译
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces [that have recently appeared]making the point [that the reason <we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today> is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, <which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers>].
本句也是一条又臭又长的裹脚布，翻译时，大家注意我是如何断句的。
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces [that have recently appeared] making the point...
翻译：戴维森的文章是很多近期出现的文章之一，这些文章发表了观点...
翻译解释：这句话出现了定语的分隔现象：名词|代词+后置定语1+后置定语2，即that从句和非谓语短语making the point同时修饰名词pieces；
针对定语的分隔现象，我们通常采取融合法进行翻译，一般将后置定语1前置，译为“...的”；将后置定语2后置，即单独成句+重复先行词。
that引导的同位语从句：
[that the reason <...> is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession,but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, <...>].先译主干：原因是由于需求的巨大下降，但也由于进步。再译枝干：原因大部分是由于经济大衰退导致的需求的巨大下降，但也由于在全球化和信息技术革命方面的进步。翻译解释：it指代the reason，翻译时直接省略了<注意：只有在“省略也不影响句意”的情况下，才能进行省略>。
省略关系词的定语从句：
the reason <we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today> is...
翻译：当前，我们有如此固执地高的失业率和下降的中产阶级收入，原因是...
改译：当前失业率居高不下以及中产阶级收入缩水，原因是...
翻译解释：
1.这句话我们在翻译时，通常译为“...的原因是...”，但该定语从句远超8个词，属于较长类型，因此将其单独成句，译为“...，原因是...”。
2.“stubbornly high”直译为“固执地高”，显然不太好听，我们就要思考“固执高”是啥意思捏，其实就是“咋的都降不下来”，因此译为“居高不下”；
另外，改译后，将原英文句中的形容词译为中文中的动词了，这源于中英文差异【英文：属静态语言，擅用名词；中文：属动态语言，擅用动词】，鉴于中文喜欢用动词的特点，在进行英译汉时，常常可将英文中的名词、形容词甚至介词等译为中文的动词。
which引导的非限制性定语从句：
<which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers>
先译主干：这种进步正在取代劳工。
再译枝干：这种进步正在让机器或外来务工取代劳工的速度比以往更快。
翻译解释：非限制性定语从句通常采取后置译法，即单独成句+重复先行词<which指代advances>。
【Step 4】整合译文
戴维森的文章是很多近期出现的文章之一，这些文章发表了观点：当前失业率居高不下以及中产阶级收入缩水，其原因大部分是由于经济大衰退导致的需求的巨大下降，但也由于在全球化和信息技术革命方面的进步，这种进步正在让机器或外来务工取代劳工的速度比以往更快。
【Step 5】润色译文
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces [that have recently appeared]making the point [that the reason <we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today> is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, <which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers>].
戴维森此文只不过是新近涌现的诸多同类文章中的一篇，这些文章都提出这样一种观点：当前失业率居高不下以及中产阶级收入缩水，很大程度上是由于经济大衰退造成的需求大幅降低，但同时也由于全球化和信息技术革命的发展，这种发展让机器或外来雇工取代劳力的速度超过了以往任何时期。
1.piece n.文章、作品
2.point n.观点、论点 make the point v.阐明观点、证明论点
3.stubbornly adv.固执地、顽强地
4.decline v.减少、下降、衰落
5.advance n.进展、进步、发展
6.globalization n.全球化
7.labor n.劳工、劳动力
1.the Great Recession 经济大衰退
2.the Great Depression 经济大萧条
3.economic boom| prosperity 经济繁荣
4.economic downtown经济衰退
这些都是经济类文章中常见的表达 注意积累！
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