2026年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第二套)Part III Reading Comprehension 的 Section B 和 Section C

一、Section B 原文与汉语译文

原文

Exercise and Dementia

A) If this doesn't encourage you to squeeze in a workout today, nothing will: a new study from Sweden shows that women who were highly fit in mid-life were nearly 90% less likely to get dementia decades later.

B) After initial exercise tests in middle age, researchers followed the women for 44 years. Both groups lived just as long, but those who could ride an exercise bike at a fast rate for 6 minutes in the initial test had a much lower risk of dementia later on than those who couldn't complete the workout.

C) The study, published Wednesday in the journal Neurology, couldn't prove that exercise prevented dementia, and the findings aren't a surprise—it's long been known there's a correlation between exercise and decreased dementia risk—but the results were particularly dramatic. About 5% of the women with the highest peak workload—those who were able to bike the hardest over those 6 minutes—developed dementia, compared to 25% of those with medium fitness and 45% who weren't fit enough to finish the test, the study found. Overall, women who were highly fit compared to those who were moderately fit decreased their risk of dementia by 88%. The few highly fit women who did develop dementia became symptomatic at age 90 on average, 11 years later than the moderately fit.

D) "I'm very surprised that the finding was so strong," said Ingmar Skoog, the paper's senior author and a psychiatry professor at The University of Gothenburg in Sweden. "It really shows the importance of exercise."

E) Dementia, as defined in medical dictionaries, is a broad term that describes a loss of thinking ability, memory, attention, logical reasoning, and other mental abilities. These changes are severe enough to interfere with social or occupational functioning. Dementia isn't a disease. Instead, it's a group of symptoms caused by other conditions. It happens when the parts of your brain used for learning, memory, decision making, and language are damaged or diseased. About 5%–8% of adults over age 65 have some form of dementia. This percentage doubles every 5 years after 65. As many as half of people in their 80s have some form of dementia.

F) Dementia is not temporary confusion or forgetfulness that might result from an infection that heals without treatment. It can also come from an underlying illness or side effects of medications. Dementia typically gets worse over time. People with dementia have problems with thinking and remembering that affect their ability to manage their daily life.

G) Dementia is typically associated with declines in cognitive function. Yet researchers have found an association between dementia and declines in hearing and other basic sensory functions.

H) Though the study mentioned above was fairly small (only 191 women took the initial fitness test, which means it's hard to maintain statistical significance while breaking the group down into sub-categories of more or less fit), it does give us hope that dementia can be prevented or delayed through exercise in one's middle age.

I) Alzheimer's and other dementias are believed to begin 15–20 years before symptoms even appear, so it makes sense that exercising in mid-life would affect the risk, Skoog said. Exercise alone is not likely to prevent Alzheimer's, but the study shows people are not helpless in the face of one of the most feared, costliest and common diseases of old age, he added. And the same activities that help prevent Alzheimer's—including avoiding smoking, getting adequate exercise and sleep and eating a healthy diet—also prevent heart disease, he said, making them even more worthwhile. "You can do something yourself to decrease your odds," Skoog said.

J) Maintaining a healthy lifestyle in mid-life, decades before disease sets in, makes sense, said David Knopman, a fellow of the American Academy of Neurology, who was not involved in the study. "I suspect it's a dose," said Knopman, also associate director of the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. "Starting in late life is better than not starting at all, but starting in mid-life seems to offer a larger benefit."

K) Although it is not entirely clear why exercise helps put off or prevent Alzheimer's, Knopman said it's likely that exercise maintains good blood flow to the brain. "When the brain is healthier from a vascular point of view, it can absorb more Alzheimer's pathogen before people become symptomatic," he said.

L) The message isn't that everyone needs to run marathons in middle age, Knopman said, but a healthy lifestyle pays off.

M) This type of study can't say exactly what kind of exercise is best, or how much is needed—only a study that has a placebo group and tracks people going forward can do that, said Keith Fargo, director of scientific programs and outreach at the non-profit Alzheimer's Association. "The literature has not yet settled on an amount or type of exercise that is going to be key, although the bulk of literature has suggested that aerobic exercise is what you need to be doing," he said. That doesn't mean you have to compete in marathons but "more than a 10-min dog walk" would be a good idea, Fargo said.

N) Several lifestyle studies are getting underway soon, including one backed by the Alzheimer's Association called the US POINTER study, which will offer at-risk adults, ages 60–79, a series of lifestyle interventions to see if they impact Alzheimer's risk. That and other Alzheimer's-related studies are always looking for volunteers to participate, he said.

O) In the next three to five years, these studies should allow researchers to provide clearer recommendations for exercise and other lifestyle modifications that might reduce Alzheimer's risk, such as sleep, diet and social activities, Fargo said. But it's already quite clear that exercising at any point in life is better for your brain than not exercising at all, Fargo added.

P) "If you don't want to have dementia when you're 80, the time to start getting fit is now," he said. "It may not necessarily give you a longer life, but there's a compelling body of work that it will give you more good years."

汉语译文

锻炼与失智

A) 如果这还不能鼓励你今天挤出时间锻炼，那恐怕没什么能做到了：瑞典一项新研究显示，中年时期体能极佳的女性，数十年后患失智的概率降低近90%。

B) 研究人员在女性中年时进行初步运动测试后，对她们进行了为期44年的追踪研究。两组女性的寿命一样长，但在初始测试中能以较快速度骑满6分钟健身单车的女性，后来患失智的风险远低于那些未能完成该运动量的女性。

C) 该研究周三发表于《神经学》期刊，它无法证明运动能预防失智，而且这一发现并不令人意外——运动与失智风险降低之间存在关联，这早已为人所知——但结果确实相当惊人。研究发现，峰值负荷最高，即在6分钟内踩单车力量最足的女性中，约5%患上了失智；相比之下，中等体能的女性患病概率为25%，而体能差到无法完成测试的女性则高达45%。总体而言，体能极佳的女性与体能中等的女性相比，患失智的风险降低了88%。少数体能极佳却仍患上失智的女性，平均在90岁时才出现该症状，比体能中等的女性晚了11年。

D) “我很惊讶，研究结果如此显著，”该论文资深作者、瑞典哥德堡大学精神病学教授英格玛·斯科格说。“这确实说明了运动的重要性。”

E) 根据医学词典的定义，失智是一个宽泛的术语，用来描述思维能力、记忆力、注意力、逻辑推理能力及其他心智能力的丧失。这些变化严重到足以影响社交或职业功能。失智不是一种疾病。相反，它是由其他病症引起的一组症状。它发生在大脑中用于学习、记忆、决策和语言的部位受损或患病时。65岁以上成年人中约5%—8%患有某种形式的失智。这一比例在65岁之后每5年翻一番。80多岁的人中有多达一半患有某种失智。

F) 失智并非因感染引起的、无须治疗即可痊愈的那种暂时性意识混乱或健忘状态。它也可能由某种潜在疾病或药物副作用引发。失智的病情通常会随时间不断加重。失智患者会出现思考与记忆方面的障碍，这类障碍会影响他们管理日常生活的能力。

G) 失智一般与认知功能衰退相关。但研究人员发现，失智还和听力及其他基础感官功能的衰退存在关联。

H) 尽管上述研究规模相当小（仅191名女性参加了初始体能测试，这意味着将群体细分为体能高低不同的子类别时，统计显著性很难保持），但它确实给了我们希望：通过中年时期的锻炼，失智是可以预防或延缓的。

I) 人们认为阿尔茨海默症和其他失智在其症状出现前15到20年就已开始，因此在中年时期锻炼会影响这些风险是有道理的，斯科格说。他补充道，单靠运动不太可能预防阿尔茨海默症，但这项研究表明，面对这种老年阶段最令人恐惧、治疗费用最高且最常见的疾病之一，人们并非束手无策。他还说，有助于预防阿尔茨海默症的那些活动——包括不吸烟、保证充足的运动和睡眠、健康饮食——同样可以预防心脏病，这让做这些事情更加值得。“你可以自己做些事情来降低患病几率，”斯科格说。

J) 在疾病来袭前的几十年，也就是中年时期，保持健康的生活方式是明智的，美国神经病学学会会员、并未参加该研究的戴维·诺普曼说道。“我怀疑这是个剂量问题，”诺普曼说，他同时也是梅奥诊所阿尔茨海默病研究中心的副主任，该诊所位于明尼苏达州罗切斯特市。“年纪大了才开始运动比完全不运动要好，而从中年开始似乎能带来更大益处。”

K) 虽然运动为何有助于延缓或预防阿尔茨海默症的机理尚不完全清楚，但诺普曼表示，很可能是运动维持了大脑良好的血液供应。“从血管功能的角度看，大脑越健康，就越能在人们出现阿尔茨海默症症状之前消除病原体，”他说。

L) 诺普曼说，要传递的信息并非人人都得在中年跑马拉松，而是一种健康的生活方式会有回报。

M) 这类研究无法确切说明哪种运动最好或需要多少运动量——只有那种设有安慰剂对照组并对人们进行追踪的研究才能得出结论，非营利组织阿尔茨海默病协会的科研项目与公众科普主管基思·法戈如是说。“文献目前还没有确定关键的运动量或运动类型，但大多数文献已经表明，有氧运动是你需要去做的，”他说。这并不意味着你得去跑马拉松竞赛，但“遛狗10分钟以上”的运动量是个好主意，法戈说。

N) 几项关于生活方式的研究即将启动，其中包括一项由阿尔茨海默病协会支持的名为“美国POINTER”的研究，它将为60至79岁的高风险成年人提供一系列生活方式干预措施，以观察这是否会影响患阿尔茨海默症的风险。他说，这项研究和其他阿尔茨海默症相关研究始终在招募志愿者参与。

O) 法戈说，在未来三到五年内，这些研究应该能让研究者就运动及其他可能降低阿尔茨海默症风险的生活方式调整，如睡眠、饮食和社交活动，给出更明确的建议。但法戈又补充说，有一点已经相当清楚：在生命中任何阶段开始做运动，对大脑来说，都比完全不运动要好。

P) “如果你不想在80岁时患失智，那现在就该开始锻炼身体，”他说。“它未必能给你更长的寿命，但已有大量令人信服的研究表明，它会给你更多高质量的岁月。”

Section B 答题策略

36.It is typical for dementia to worsen with the passage of time.

答案：F

定位提示： typical / worsen with time → F段 “Dementia typically gets worse over time.”

37.According to Knopman, the study gives the message that a healthy lifestyle is beneficial, but not that all the middle-aged need heavy exercise.

答案：L

定位提示： Knopman / message / healthy lifestyle / not heavy exercise → L段 “The message isn’t that everyone needs to run marathons in middle age, Knopman said, but a healthy lifestyle pays off.”

38.The results of a new study will encourage middle-aged women to find time exercising however busy they are.

答案：A

定位提示： new study / encourage / middle-aged women / find time exercising → A段 “If this doesn’t encourage you to squeeze in a workout today, nothing will: a new study from Sweden shows that women who were highly fit in mid-life...”

39.Hopefully, one can postpone or prevent dementia by exercising in their mid-life.

答案：H

定位提示： hopefully / postpone or prevent dementia / mid-life exercise → H段 “it does give us hope that dementia can be prevented or delayed through exercise in one’s middle age.”

40.In a few years, researchers should be able to offer clearer advice on exercise and other lifestyle changes for reducing the incidence of Alzheimer’s.

答案：O

定位提示： in a few years / clearer advice / lifestyle changes / reduce Alzheimer’s risk → O段 “In the next three to five years, these studies should allow researchers to provide clearer recommendations for exercise and other lifestyle modifications that might reduce Alzheimer’s risk...”

41.Dementia refers to a loss of multiple mental abilities such as memory and logical reasoning.

答案：E

定位提示： loss of mental abilities / memory / logical reasoning → E段 “Dementia... describes a loss of thinking ability, memory, attention, logical reasoning, and other mental abilities.”

42.One researcher believes that exercise may keep the brain well supplied with blood.

答案：K

定位提示： researcher / exercise / brain / blood → K段 “Knopman said it’s likely that exercise maintains good blood flow to the brain.”

43.Medical literature has not concluded as to what exercise or how much exercise is crucial, although it generally agrees that people should do aerobic exercise.

答案：M

定位提示： literature / not concluded / how much exercise / aerobic exercise → M段 “The literature has not yet settled on an amount or type of exercise that is going to be key, although the bulk of literature has suggested that aerobic exercise is what you need to be doing.”

44.It has long been common knowledge that exercise correlates with reduced risk of dementia.

答案：C

定位提示： long been common knowledge / exercise correlates with reduced dementia risk → C段 “it’s long been known there’s a correlation between exercise and decreased dementia risk.”

45.Activities helpful in the prevention of Alzheimer’s also prevent heart disease.

答案：I

定位提示： activities / prevent Alzheimer’s / prevent heart disease → I段 “the same activities that help prevent Alzheimer’s... also prevent heart disease.”

1. 题型特点

Section B 是段落信息匹配题，文章后有10个陈述句，要求判断信息来自哪一段。它不按顺序出题，核心是“定位 + 同义替换”。

2. 解题步骤

先读题干，划关键词

不要先通读全文。先看36—45题，每句划出：

人名：Knopman, Fargo, Skoog

数字：90%, 44 years, 191 women, 15–20 years

专有名词：Alzheimer's, dementia, heart disease

动词短语：worsen, postpone, prevent, offer clearer advice

逻辑词：however, although, but

带着关键词扫读段落

重点看：

段首句、段尾句

转折词 however / but / yet

引号内容

数字、百分比、年龄

人名和机构名

识别同义替换

这是匹配题核心。例如：

worsen with the passage of time = gets worse over time

a healthy lifestyle is beneficial = a healthy lifestyle pays off

find time exercising however busy = squeeze in a workout

postpone or prevent dementia = prevented or delayed

offer clearer advice = provide clearer recommendations

loss of multiple mental abilities = loss of thinking ability, memory, attention, logical reasoning

keep the brain well supplied with blood = maintains good blood flow to the brain

not concluded = has not yet settled on

common knowledge = it's long been known

prevent heart disease = also prevent heart disease

先易后难

先做有明显专有名词、数字、引号的题：

37题 Knopman → L段

40题 clearer advice → O段

42题 blood → K段

43题 literature / aerobic exercise → M段

45题 heart disease → I段

注意一段可多用

题干说明“You may choose a paragraph more than once”，所以不要因为某段用过就排除。但本套题中多数段落只对应一题。

控制时间

建议 Section B 用时 10—12分钟。不要在某一段纠结太久。

3. 本套 Section B 答案与定位

FLAHOEKMCI

4. 常见干扰

题干中的词在多个段落出现，但逻辑不符。

段落提到同一主题，但并非题干所问的具体信息。

张冠李戴：把“运动维持血流”说成“运动预防心脏病”。

范围扩大或缩小：如“some women”变成“all women”。

二、Section C 原文与汉语译文

Section C 包括两篇 Passage。以下分别给出原文与汉语译文。

Passage One

原文

People who systematically underestimate themselves and their own performance suffer from the so-called Impostor Phenomenon. They think that any success is due to external circumstances or just luck and chance. Those people live in constant fear that their "deception" will be exposed.

It is common for people to question their abilities now and again. A healthy amount of reflection and self-doubt can protect a person from acting impulsively. However, there are people who are permanently plagued by a massive amount of self-doubt despite delivering a good performance. They think that all of their successes are not a product of their skill or hard work, instead they attribute their own successes to external circumstances, for example, to luck and chance, or believe that their performance is massively overestimated by others. Failures, on the other hand, are always internalised as the result of their own shortcomings.

Psychologists from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg examined the topic for the first time under real-life conditions. Seventy-six participants completed a range of intelligence tests and received positive feedback on them, regardless of their actual performance. They were then asked why they think they did so well.

The study showed two things: First, the self-reported degree of Impostor Phenomenon is not related to actual measured intelligence or performance. Secondly, the test supported the assumption that people with a tendency to exhibit the Impostor Phenomenon devalue their objectively measured performance and attribute positive results to external causes such as luck and chance, but not to their own abilities. These results are also completely unrelated to age and gender.

A permanent underestimation of one's own abilities is often accompanied by the fear that this supposed intellectual deception will be exposed sooner or later and that they will pay the price for this. The Impostor Phenomenon was first described in 1978 by US psychologists Pauline Clance and Suzanne Imes. They observed that there is a particularly high number of successful women who do not think they are very intelligent. The Impostor Phenomenon is not defined as a mental illness. However, people who suffer from it show a higher vulnerability to depression.

汉语译文

那些系统性低估自己和自身表现的人，患上了所谓的“冒名顶替综合征”。他们认为任何成功都归因于外界因素，或仅仅是运气和偶然。这类人终日惶恐，担心自己的“骗局”会被揭穿。

人们偶尔质疑自身能力是很正常的。适度的自我反思与自我怀疑能让人避免冲动行事。然而，有一部分人即便表现优异，却始终深陷强烈的自我怀疑之中。他们不认为成功源自自身本领或勤奋，反而将成就归结于外部因素，比如运气和偶然；或是觉得别人严重高估了自己的表现。而失败时，他们又总会将问题归咎于自身的不足。

哈雷-维滕贝格马丁·路德大学的心理学家首次在真实生活条件下研究了这一现象。研究共有76名受试者参与，他们完成了一系列智力测试，且无论实际表现如何，所有人都收到了积极的反馈。随后研究人员询问他们，认为自己取得不错成绩的原因是什么。

该研究得出两点结论：首先，受试者自述的冒名顶替综合征程度，与实际测量的智力水平或表现并无关联。其次，研究支持了这样一种假设，即有这类心理倾向的人，会贬低他们经过客观测评过的表现，把好成绩归功于运气和偶然等外部因素，而非自身能力。这些结果也和他们的年龄和性别毫无关系。

长期低估自己能力的人，往往还会心存顾虑；害怕这种所谓的智力欺诈迟早会被戳穿，并为此付出代价。冒名顶替综合征由美国心理学家宝琳·克兰斯与苏珊娜·艾姆斯于1978年首次提出。两位学者发现，有特别多事业有成的女性都认为自己算不上聪慧。冒名顶替综合征不被定义为一种精神疾病。然而，患有此征的人表现出更高的抑郁易感性。

Passage One

文章主题：冒名顶替综合征（Impostor Phenomenon）

46. What do we learn from the passage about people who suffer from the so-called Impostor Phenomenon?

A) They systematically underestimate their chances of success.

B) They tend to attribute their achievements to good fortune.

C) They seem to live in constant fear of being deceived.

D) They generally rely on luck and chance for success.

答案：B

定位： 第1段第2句。“They think that any success is due to external circumstances or just luck and chance.”

47. What do people with a healthy amount of reflection and self-doubt tend to do?

A) Credit all their successes to hard work.

B) Strive hard to perfect their skills.

C) Refrain from acting on impulse.

D) Deliver a better performance.

答案：C

定位： 第2段第2句。“A healthy amount of reflection and self-doubt can protect a person from acting impulsively.”

48. What do Impostor Phenomenon sufferers often do according to psychologists from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg?

A) Attribute their accomplishments to others.

B) Deny their actual measured intelligence.

C) Claim to have confidence in their own abilities.

D) Mark down their objectively rated performance.

答案：D

定位： 第4段第2句。“people with a tendency to exhibit the Impostor Phenomenon devalue their objectively measured performance...”

49. What happens when a person permanently underestimates their own abilities?

A) They will focus their attention on external factors.

B) They will be fearful of potential consequences.

C) They will count on good fortune for success.

D) They will keep improving their own skills.

答案：B

定位： 最后一段第1句。“A permanent underestimation of one’s own abilities is often accompanied by the fear that... they will pay the price for this.”

50. What did US psychologists Pauline Clance and Suzanne Imes say about Impostor Phenomenon sufferers?

A) They are more liable to have depression.

B) They seldom realise their potential fully.

C) They will develop mental illnesses.

D) They will pay higher prices one day.

答案：A

定位： 最后一段最后一句。“people who suffer from it show a higher vulnerability to depression.”

Passage One 答题策略

1. 题型特点

Passage One 是标准四级仔细阅读选择题，通常5题，顺序与文章顺序基本一致。题目多考查：

细节理解

同义替换

作者态度

因果关系

转折对比

2. 解题步骤

先读题干，不读选项。

划关键词：人名、专有名词、比较对象、因果词。

回原文定位。

读定位句前后各一句。

对比选项，选“同义替换”项，不选“原词堆砌但逻辑错误”项。

3. 本篇文章重点

46题：冒名顶替综合征患者 → 把成就归因于好运。

47题：适度反思与自我怀疑 → 避免冲动行事。

48题：马丁·路德大学心理学家研究 → 贬低客观评定的表现。

49题：长期低估能力 → 害怕潜在后果。

50题：Pauline Clance 和 Suzanne Imes → 更容易抑郁。

4. 注意转折

文章多次出现：

However

On the other hand

Secondly

However, people who suffer from it show...

这些地方最容易出题。尤其注意：

适度的自我怀疑有益，但过度自我怀疑有害。

患者把成功归因外部，把失败归因自身。

该现象不是精神疾病，但抑郁易感性更高。

5. 选项排除技巧

绝对化选项常错：all, never, completely, only。

无中生有常错：文章没提的内容。

张冠李戴常错：把“低估自己”说成“低估成功概率”。

答非所问常错：观点正确，但不是题干所问。

Passage Two

原文

Music is a universal language. In every culture and country, you will find music. It is vitally important across the globe and has the potential to bring people together in peace and harmony. One of my favorite experiences in music is seeing musicians from different cultures come together and perform as a group. When each culture brings its own unique qualities to the group, an entirely new sound is achieved. This can create extraordinary results. People can communicate with each other using music as the common language.

One common musical thread between cultures is known as the pentatonic scale. It is astonishing how many cultures share this tool in approaching music. The pentatonic scale consists of five notes; "penta-" meaning 5, and "tonic" meaning tone or note. This scale can be found in music everywhere including that of Native Americans, Africans, and Asians. It is also found in popular music, blues, jazz, and rock. Using this five-note scale, musicians from around the globe have a medium through which they can relate, communicate, perform, and ultimately understand each other.

Music is tied to specific perceptual, mental, and emotional faculties, including language (all societies put words to their songs), motor control (people in all societies dance), sound analysis (all musical systems have a distinct pitch and quality), and aesthetics (their tunes and rhythms are balanced between repetitiveness and chaos).

There is no known society that existed without music. Although each culture has their own specific style and approach to music, you will find that the purposes behind music are very similar across the board. Music essentially serves to express or change emotions. It can cheer you up, sadden you, anger you or excite you. Music is often ceremonial: used in religion, ceremony, and celebration. Music can simply be recreational: entertaining, joyful and fun. Any way you have used music, it is almost certain that every other culture has used music in the very same way. And that is something that bonds all of us. We all share a deep love for music and it has the power to unite us.

汉语译文

音乐是一种通用语言。在每一种文化、每一个国家，你都能发现音乐的身影。它在全球范围内都有着至关重要的作用，并且有能力让人们在平和融洽中凝聚在一起。在音乐相关的种种体验里，我最喜爱的一种，就是看到来自不同文化的音乐人组成团队同台演绎。当每种文化都为这个团队带来自身独有的特色时，一种全新的声音便由此产生。这能创造出非同凡响的效果。人们可以借助这门通用语言彼此进行交流。

不同文化之间存在一个共通的音乐纽带，那就是五声音阶。令人惊讶的是，诸多文化在音乐创作中都会使用这一体系。五声音阶由五个音构成，“penta-”意为数字五，“tonic”则指音调、乐音。这种音阶在各地的音乐中都能见到，包括美洲原住民、非洲人以及亚洲人的音乐。在流行乐、蓝调、爵士乐和摇滚乐里也能找到它的踪迹。借助这种五音音阶，全球的音乐人拥有了交流的媒介，他们可以借此建立联结、沟通、表演，最终彼此理解。

音乐与人类特定的感知、思维和情感能力息息相关，包含语言能力，所有社会都会为歌曲配上歌词；动作控制能力，所有地区的人们都会随音乐起舞；声音辨析能力，所有音乐体系都拥有独特的音高与音色；以及审美能力，它们的曲调与节奏在重复与错落无序之间达到平衡。

目前已知的社会，无一不存在音乐。虽然每种文化都拥有独具特色的风格与表现形式，但你会发现，世界各地音乐存在的目的却高度相似。音乐本质上用于抒发或改变情绪：它能让人心情愉悦、心生伤感、怒火中烧或是情绪亢奋。音乐常常用于各类仪式，出现在宗教活动、典礼与庆典之中。音乐也可以单纯用作消遣：带来愉悦、欢乐与趣味。无论你以何种方式使用音乐，几乎可以肯定，其他所有文化也都以同样的方式运用音乐。正是这一点将我们所有人紧密相连。我们都由衷热爱音乐，而音乐也拥有团结所有人的力量。

Passage Two

文章主题：音乐是通用语言，五声音阶，音乐的作用与共性

51. In what way is music important?

A) It is able to create novel and extraordinary emotions.

B) It has the power to unite people throughout the world.

C) It allows different cultural groups to sing in harmony.

D) It is the only language favored by all peoples of the world.

答案：B

定位： 第1段第3句。“It is vitally important across the globe and has the potential to bring people together in peace and harmony.”

52. Why does the author like to see musicians from different cultures perform together?

A) Their musical experience can be compared.

B) A novel language can be created.

C) Their unique skills can be displayed.

D) Fantastic results can be achieved.

答案：D

定位： 第1段第4—6句。“When each culture brings its own unique qualities to the group, an entirely new sound is achieved. This can create extraordinary results.”

53. What does the passage say about the pentatonic scale?

A) It is present in music all around the world.

B) It is helpful to understanding music.

C) It is the basis for musicians’ creation.

D) It is a medium for ordinary people to relate.

答案：A

定位： 第2段第4句。“This scale can be found in music everywhere including that of Native Americans, Africans, and Asians.”

54. What is the fundamental role of music in people’s life?

A) To bring them together.

B) To show their identity.

C) To express their emotions.

D) To keep them entertained.

答案：C

定位： 最后一段第3句。“Music essentially serves to express or change emotions.”

55. In what aspect is music similar throughout the world?

A) The way people respond to it.

B) The role it plays in society.

C) The joy it brings to people.

D) The way it is made use of.

答案：D

定位： 最后一段第7句。“Any way you have used music, it is almost certain that every other culture has used music in the very same way.”

Passage Two 答题策略

1. 文章主题

本文讨论：

音乐是通用语言。

音乐能团结全世界人民。

五声音阶是世界各地音乐中的共同纽带。

音乐的根本作用是表达或改变情绪。

不同文化使用音乐的方式高度相似。

2. 题目定位

51题：音乐的重要性 → 有团结全世界人民的力量。

52题：作者喜欢看不同文化音乐人同台表演 → 能创造非同凡响的效果。

53题：五声音阶 → 出现在世界各地音乐中。

54题：音乐的根本作用 → 表达情感。

55题：音乐在全世界相似之处 → 人们使用它的方式。

3. 关键同义替换

bring people together = unite people

extraordinary results = fantastic results

found in music everywhere = present in music all around the world

express or change emotions = express their emotions

used music in the very same way = the way it is made use of

4. 注意逻辑关系

Although：转折处常出题。

However：转折处常出题。

Essentially：本质作用常出题。

Any way：总结共性常出题。

5. 排除法

过于绝对的选项：only, never, completely。

与原文矛盾的选项。

把“附加作用”说成“根本作用”。

把“音乐人”说成“普通民众”。

把“使用方式”说成“社会角色”。

三、Section B 与 Section C 通用答题策略

Section B 段落信息匹配

先题后文：先读10个题干，划关键词。

定位优先：专有名词、数字、引号、最高级最先找。

同义替换：不要只找原词，要看改写。

段落可重复：不要因为一段选过就完全排除。

先易后难：明显题先做，抽象题后做。

时间控制：10—12分钟。

不要通读全文：扫读定位即可。

Section C 仔细阅读

顺序原则：题目顺序通常与文章顺序一致。

定位句前后：答案常在定位句前一句或后一句。

同义替换：正确选项多为原文改写。

转折重点：but, however, yet, on the other hand 后常出答案。

观点题：注意 researchers found, scientists argue, advocates argue。

推断题：不选原文直接复述，选合理推断。

排除法：绝对化、无中生有、张冠李戴、答非所问。

时间控制：两篇共约18—20分钟。

四、答案速查

Section B

FLAHOEKMCI

Section C Passage One

BCDBA

Section C Passage Two

BDACD