2027届高考英语一轮复习语法复习考点3+代词+任务单
- 2026-10-05 23:36:01
考点3代词
it五大用法·one/that辨析·不定代词
代词在"无提示词"里属于送分+挖坑并存题：形式主语/形式宾语it是送分点，one/it/that/those的辨析是坑。
一、一眼识别
Ø句子缺主语或宾语，而空格前没有名词→填代词（it/they/one/that/those）。
Ø空格后是名词，需要"……的"→形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her/its/our/their）。
Ø主语和宾语同指一个人→反身代词（myself/himself/themselves…）。
二、it的五大用法（必考）
用法 | 结构 | 例句 |
①指代前面提到的事物 | it=the+上文名词 | I bought a book and lent it to him. |
②形式主语 | It is+adj./n.+to do/that从句 | It is important to learn English. |
③形式宾语 | 主语+think/find/make/consider+it+宾补+to do/that从句 | I find it hard to get up early. |
④强调句型 | It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余 | It was Tom that helped me. |
⑤固定句式 | It is said/reported/believed that…It takes sb…to do；It hits/strikes/occurs to sb that… | It is said that he has quit. |
口诀："主语太长放后面，it站前顶个位；宾语太长放后面，it站中间顶个位。
三、one/it/that/those辨析（高频坑）
词 | 指代 | 是否特指 | 例句 |
it | 同一个东西（同名同物） | 特指 | I lost my pen and can't find it. |
one | 同类中的一个（同名异物），泛指；复数ones | 泛指 | I need a pen.I'll buy one. |
that | 同类中的那个，特指；常接of短语；也可代不可数名词 | 特指 | The weather here is colder than that of Beijing. |
those | that的复数 | 特指 | These books are better than those on the shelf. |
四、不定代词速查
范围 | 都（≥2） | 都不 | 任一 | 另一个 |
两者 | both | neither | either | the other |
三者及以上 | all | none | any | another |
备注：
Øanother=an+other，后接单数；another+数词+复数（another three days）。
Øother+复数名词（其他的人/物）；the other+复数（其余全部）；others不接名词。
Øfew/a few+可数复数；little/a little+不可数。带a表"有一点"，不带a表"几乎没有"。
Øeach/every+单数，谓语用单数；every与not连用表部分否定。
Øsomeone/anyone/everyone/nothing等复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数；有形容词修饰时形容词后置（something important）。
五、反身代词固定搭配
by oneself独自
for oneself亲自
of oneself自动
in oneself本身
enjoy oneself玩得开心
teach oneself自学·
devote oneself to致力于
apply oneself to专心于
dress oneself自己穿
help oneself to随便吃
behave oneself守规矩
seat oneself就座
make oneself understood使自己被理解
come to oneself苏醒
代词入门小练（先读懂再动笔）
1.I find________necessary to learn a second foreign language.
2.The weather in Beijing is much colder than________in Guangzhou in winter.
3.I have lost my dictionary,so I have to buy a new________.
4.My sister taught________French when she was at college.
5.The students are busy preparing for________final examinations.
6.________is reported that the new library will open next month.
7.Some students are fond of pop music while________prefer classical music.
8.She is always ready to help________and never thinks of________.
参考答案与解析
1.答案it形式宾语：真正的宾语是后面的to learn…
2.答案that同类特指比较，代指不可数名词weather
3.答案one同类泛指"再买一本"，用one
4.答案herself主语与宾语同指一人→反身代词
5.答案their形容词性物主代词修饰名词
6.答案It it作形式主语
7.答案others some…others…一些…另一些…
8.答案others;herself think of oneself为自己着想
