外研版八上Unit1知识点总结
- 2026-11-08 10:37:31
外研版八年级上册 Unit 1 This is me
单元知识点总结 · 主题：认识自我、接纳自我、挑战自我
一、单元概览
本单元属于“人与自我”主题，讲的是从认识自我到接纳自我，再到挑战自我。
第一篇课文 A red, red rose，讲女孩萨莉脸上有一块胎记，她一直用长发遮住，新同学麦迪却说那是一朵红玫瑰，从那以后她开始接纳自己。
第二篇课文 I'm possible，讲短跑运动员苏炳添更换起跑腿，从零开始，最后跑进十秒，创造历史。
本单元的语法重点是现在完成时。
二、核心词汇
suppose 动词，假设、认为。常用 be supposed to do，意思是应该做某事。
birthmark 名词，胎记。
bright 形容词，鲜艳的、明亮的。副词形式是 brightly。
strawberry 名词，草莓。复数是 strawberries。
secretly 副词，暗自地。名词和形容词都是 secret。
crowded 形容词，拥挤的。常用 be crowded with，意思是挤满。名词是 crowd，人群。
disaster 名词，灾难。
therefore 副词，因此。
cover 动词，遮盖。be covered with，被什么覆盖。
instead 副词，代替、反而，放在句末或者句首。instead of 是介词短语，后面接名词或者动词 ing，意思是不是什么，而是什么。
although 连词，虽然。注意它不能和 but 出现在同一个句子里。
truly 副词，真正地、确实地。形容词是 true，名词是 truth。
paint 动词，涂颜料、绘画。名词 painting 是画作。
difference 名词，差异。形容词是 different，常用 be different from。make a difference，意思是有影响、起作用。
wise 形容词，明智的。副词是 wisely，名词是 wisdom。
scientific 形容词，科学的。名词 science 是科学，scientist 是科学家。
successful 形容词，有成就的。名词是 success，动词是 succeed，副词是 successfully。
height 名词，身高、高度。形容词是 high。
willing 形容词，乐意的。常用 be willing to do something，乐意做某事。
reach 动词，伸手够到，也可以表示到达，后面直接跟地点，不加 to。
hate 动词，讨厌。后面接动词 ing 或者 to do。
reply 动词和名词，回答。做动词时常用 reply to somebody。
其他需要认识的词：perfect 完美的，underline 在下面划线，row 一排，primary 初级的。
三、重点短语与例句
1.think of 认为、想起
例句：What do you think of your new classmate?
2.look away 把目光移开
例句：When I turned my head, they looked away.
3.feel like 感觉像，也可以表示想要
例句：On the crowded bus, it felt just like a disaster.
4.arrive in 到达大的地方；arrive at 到达小的地方
例句：A new student named Maddie arrived in our class.
5.instead of 不是什么而是什么，代替，后面接名词或者动词 ing
例句：Instead of looking away, Maddie studied my face.
6.look up 抬头看，也可以表示查阅
例句：I looked up and met her smiling eyes.
7.to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是
例句：To my surprise, Maddie painted a red rose on her own face.
8.rush to 冲向某地
例句：When I got home, I rushed to the bathroom.
9.without doing 没做某事
例句：For the first time, I could look at my birthmark without turning away.
10.for the first time 第一次
例句：For the first time, I could look at myself in the mirror.
11.keep something 加形容词 使某物保持什么状态
例句：I always kept my hair long to cover it.
12.hold somebody back 阻碍某人
例句：Doubts and fears often hold us back.
13.give an answer to 对什么给出回答
例句：Su Bingtian gives an excellent answer to this question.
14.in less than 在什么之内，少于
例句：No one from Asia had ever run the 100 metre race in less than 10 seconds.
15.start from zero 从零开始
例句：He had to start from zero after changing his starting leg.
16.fight one's fears 战胜恐惧
例句：Su fought his fears and became a sporting hero.
17.make history 创造历史
例句：In 2015, he clocked 9.99 seconds and made history.
18.stick to 坚持
例句：Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it.
19.take a risk 冒险
例句：Changing his starting leg was a risky decision, so he took a risk.
20.as long as 只要
例句：As long as you keep trying, you will make progress.
21.stop doing 停止正在做的事情
例句：At such an age, many runners choose to stop running.
22.be satisfied with 对什么满意
例句：Su wasn't satisfied with his 10.16 seconds.
23.be good at 擅长
例句：She is good at painting flowers.
24.be crowded with 挤满
例句：The morning bus is crowded with students.
25.make a difference 有影响、起作用
例句：A kind word can make a difference to someone's day.
26.be willing to do 乐意做某事
例句：My classmates are always willing to help.
27.be supposed to do 应该做某事
例句：You are supposed to hand in your homework on time.
28.search for 寻找
例句：The scientists are searching for a better way to solve the problem.
29.turn sunny 变得晴朗，课文里指心情变好
例句：Although I only replied thank you, it turned sunny in my heart.
四、重点句型
1. 询问看法
I suppose everyone has something they don't like about themselves.
意思是：我想每个人都有自己不喜欢的地方。suppose 后面接宾语从句，they don't like about themselves 是定语从句，修饰 something。
2. 同位语补充说明
It was bright red, the colour of a strawberry.
意思是：它红得鲜亮，像草莓的颜色。the colour of a strawberry 是同位语，补充说明前面的颜色。
3. with 表示伴随
With so many people around me, my birthmark burned red hot.
意思是：周围人那么多，我的胎记烧得通红。with 加宾语加介词短语，表示伴随情况。
4. although 让步状语从句
Although I only replied thank you, it turned sunny in my heart.
意思是：我只说了声谢谢，心里却一下子晴朗了。although 引导让步状语从句，句中不能再用 but。
5. 现在完成时否定句
I haven't told Maddie yet how she has changed me.
意思是：我还没有告诉麦迪，她是怎么改变我的。yet 放在句末，how 引导宾语从句。
6. 现在完成时肯定句
I have already learnt that I am what I am.
意思是：我已经明白，我就是我。that 引导宾语从句，从句里 what I am 是表语从句。
7. 不定代词的后置定语
Everyone has something special and different.
意思是：每个人都有特别又与众不同的地方。形容词修饰不定代词 something，要放在它后面。
8. 感叹句
How beautiful!
意思是：多美啊。这是 how 引导的感叹句。如果用 what，结构是 what 加 a 或者 an 加形容词加名词。
9. make 加宾语加形容词
This made me so nervous.
意思是：这让我非常紧张。表示使某人处于某种状态。
五、语法：现在完成时
1. 结构
主语加 have 或者 has，再加动词的过去分词。
肯定句：She has changed me.否定句：I haven't told Maddie yet.一般疑问句：Have you finished your homework?回答：Yes, I have. 或者 No, I haven't.
2. 两大用法
一是表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或者结果。比如 I have already learnt that I am what I am，强调的是现在我接纳了自己。
二是表示经历。比如 He has been to Beijing twice.
3. 时间标志词
already，已经，用于肯定句，放在 have 或者 has 后面。
just，刚刚，也用于肯定句。
yet，还、尚未，用于否定句和疑问句的句末。
never，从来不；ever，曾经，用来谈经历。
always，一直，表示延续。
since 和 for 的用法放在第二单元重点讲，since 后面接时间点，for 后面接时间段。
4. 和一般过去时的区别
一般过去时强调过去某个时间发生的动作，常带明确的过去时间。比如 I told her the story yesterday.
现在完成时强调和现在的联系，不能和 yesterday、last week、in 2011 这类时间连用。
5. 三个容易混的结构
have been to，去过某地，人已经回来。
have gone to，去了某地，人还没回来。
have been in，待在某地多久。
6. 必背的不规则过去分词
be — been；begin — begun；become — become；break — broken；buy — bought；do — done；eat — eaten；find — found；get — got；give — given；go — gone；hear — heard；keep — kept；learn — learnt 或者 learned；leave — left；lose — lost；make — made；run — run；see — seen；speak — spoken；take — taken；tell — told；write — written。
六、写作
话题：写一位你敬佩的成功者，或者写一件改变过你的事。
结构分四步。第一步，引出观点。第二步，按时间顺序写关键事件。第三步，写遇到的困难和采取的行动。第四步，写成就和感悟。
时态要分开用。叙述过去的经历用一般过去时，总结影响用现在完成时。
He took a risk and started from zero. 他冒险从零开始。
Although people doubted him, he fought his fears. 虽然人们怀疑他，他还是战胜了恐惧。
He has shown us that nothing is impossible as long as we stick to it. 他向我们证明，只要坚持，没有什么不可能。
七、易错提醒
第一，although 和 but 不能出现在同一个句子里。
第二，instead of 后面接名词或者动词 ing，instead 是副词，后面不接宾语。
第三，arrive in 接大地方，arrive at 接小地方，reach 后面直接接地点。
第四，already 用于肯定句，yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
第五，现在完成时不能和 yesterday、last year、in 2011 这类明确的过去时间连用。
第六，have been to 是去过，have gone to 是去了还没回来。
第七，stop doing 是停止正在做的事，stop to do 是停下来去做另一件事。
