1. curve 曲线,弯曲部;(使)弯曲
· 例句: The road curves sharply to the left after the bridge.
· 解析: 可作名词和动词,注意动词用法,描述图表时常用 a steep curve(陡峭曲线)。
2. remote 遥远的;关系疏远的;绝少的;孤高的
· 例句: There is only a remote chance that the project will be completed on time.
· 解析: 常考“绝少的,微乎其微的”,如 remote possibility(极小的可能性);也可指“疏远的”。
3. survival 幸存;幸存者
· 例句: The survival of the injured hiker depended on finding shelter before nightfall.
· 解析: 不可数名词,常考短语 survival of the fittest(适者生存)。
4. violence 暴力;猛烈
· 例句: The government called for an end to domestic violence.
· 解析: 搭配 domestic violence(家庭暴力),也可指“猛烈性”,如 the violence of the storm。
5. depression 抑郁;萧条(期);洼地
· 例句: The country fell into a deep economic depression in the 1930s.
· 解析: 一词多义,经济“大萧条”和医学“抑郁症”都是常考点。
6. financial 财政的,金融的
· 例句: They are facing a severe financial crisis due to poor management.
· 解析: financial crisis(金融危机),financial aid(经济援助)。
7. breed 品种;繁殖;养育;酿成
· 例句: Unfair treatment can breed resentment among employees.
· 解析: 动词常考“酿成,招致(不良后果)”,比 produce 更正式且含负面意义。
8. divorce 离婚;分离
· 例句: You cannot divorce art from the social context in which it was created.
· 解析: 熟词僻义,动词“使分离”,搭配 divorce...from...(把…与…割裂开)。
9. blend(使)混和;混合物,混和
· 例句: The new design blends traditional style with modern technology.
· 解析: blend A with B(将A与B相融合),强调和谐融合。
10. flee 逃走;避开
· 例句: Refugees were forced to flee their war-torn country.
· 解析: 过去式/过去分词 fled,搭配 flee from/to。
11. fortnight 十四天,两星期
· 例句: He is planning to take a fortnight's holiday in July.
· 解析: 英式英语常用,a fortnight ago(两周前),阅读中经常出现。
12. certificate 证书,执照
· 例句: You will receive a certificate upon completion of the training course.
· 解析: 与 license 略有区别,certificate 更侧重“证明完成某事”的文件。
13. exchange 交换,兑换
· 例句: We had a heated exchange of views on the topic.
· 解析: 名词常考“交流、交锋”,如 exchange of ideas/intellectual exchange(思想交流)。
14. volunteer 志愿者,志愿兵;自愿
· 例句: She volunteered to organize the charity event.
· 解析: 动词搭配 volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事)。
15. rarely 不常,难得
· 例句: Success rarely comes overnight.
· 解析: 置于句首时主句要部分倒装:Rarely does he get angry.
16. traditional 传统的,惯例的
· 例句: The festival is a celebration of traditional music and dance.
· 解析: 和 conventional 近义,但 traditional 更侧重历史传承。
17. modernize(使)现代化
· 例句: The company invested heavily to modernize its production facilities.
· 解析: 后缀 -ize 表示“使…化”,类似 industrialize(工业化)。
18. connection 联系;连接;熟人
· 例句: Is there any connection between the two crimes?
· 解析: 搭配 in connection with(与…有关/相关)。
19. circular 圆形的;循环的;通知
· 例句: The company sent out a circular to all its employees.
· 解析: 名词指“(同时发送给多人的)通知、通告”。
20. toll 过路费;伤亡人数;敲(钟)
· 例句: The death toll from the earthquake has risen to over 2,000.
· 解析: 常考 death toll(死亡人数)和 take a heavy toll on(对…造成严重损害)。
21. married 已婚的
· 例句: He is married to a doctor.
· 解析: be married to(与…结婚),注意介词用 to,不用 with。
22. locate 探明,找出;使坐落于
· 例句: The new hospital will be located on the outskirts of the city.
· 解析: be located in/on(坐落于),被动形式极常用。
23. routine 例行公事;例行的
· 例句: Doing stretching exercises should be part of your daily routine.
· 解析: daily routine(日常事务),routinely(惯常地)也是常考副词。
24. spur 刺激(物),激励;促进
· 例句: The tax cuts are intended to spur economic growth.
· 解析: 搭配 spur sb./sth. to do sth. 或 on the spur of the moment(一时冲动)。
25. nevertheless 仍然
· 例句: The task was difficult; nevertheless, she decided to take it on.
· 解析: 转折副词,相当于 however,写作中可用于引出对比观点。
26. alter 改变
· 例句: Nothing can alter the fact that we are responsible for our own actions.
· 解析: 与 change 近义,但 alter 常指局部改动(如改衣服、改细节)。
27. tune 曲子;为(乐器)调音;调节
· 例句: The engine needs to be finely tuned to achieve optimum performance.
· 解析: 常考短语 in tune with(与…合拍/一致),tune in(收看/收听)。
28. reclaim 要回;开垦;回收
· 例句: The airport was built on land reclaimed from the sea.
· 解析: 可指回收资源、开垦荒地或要回失物/款项。
29. stale 不新鲜的;陈腐的
· 例句: After ten years in the same job, she felt she had become stale.
· 解析: 除指食物不新鲜,也指“(人、创意)没有新意的,停滞的”。
30. bankrupt 破产的;彻底缺乏的;使破产;破产者
· 例句: The firm went bankrupt after losing its major contract.
· 解析: go bankrupt(破产),morally bankrupt(道德沦丧的)。
31. lease 租约;出租;租得
· 例句: They signed a lease for a two-bedroom apartment.
· 解析: 常指长期的房屋/设备租赁合同。
32. greenhouse 温室
· 例句: Carbon dioxide is one of the major greenhouse gases.
· 解析: greenhouse effect(温室效应),greenhouse gas emissions(温室气体排放)。
33. secure 安全的;牢固的;得到;使安全;缚牢
· 例句: We need to secure funding for the new project as soon as possible.
· 解析: 动词常考“获得,争取到(尤指来之不易的东西)”。
34. cultivate 耕作;培养
· 例句: It is important to cultivate good study habits from an early age.
· 解析: 不仅指耕种土地,更常指“培养、建立”人际关系或习惯。
35. gloomy 忧郁的;令人沮丧的;昏暗的
· 例句: The economic forecast for the next quarter is rather gloomy.
· 解析: 描述天气/光线“昏暗”,描述心情/前景“悲观、沮丧”。
36. witness 目击者;证据;目击;证明
· 例句: The past decade has witnessed dramatic changes in our lifestyle.
· 解析: 写作亮点词,“时间/地点+witnessed”表示“见证了…的发生”。
37. emerge 出现;暴露
· 例句: New evidence has emerged that could change the outcome of the trial.
· 解析: 常指问题、事实、证据等“浮现”,搭配 It emerges that…。
38. advanced 先进的;高级的;年迈的
· 例句: Despite his advanced age, he remains active in scientific research.
· 解析: advanced technology(先进技术),advanced age(高龄)。
39. civil 公民的;国内的;民用的;民事的;文明的
· 例句: The country was torn apart by a brutal civil war.
· 解析: 一词多义,civil war(内战),civil rights(公民权利),civil law(民法),civil manner(礼貌举止)。
40. variable 易变的;可变的;可变因素
· 例句: Interest rates are variable and subject to market fluctuations.
· 解析: 与 constant(恒定的)反义,英式英语中可作名词指“变数”。
41. slope 斜坡;倾斜;(使)倾斜
· 例句: We climbed up a steep slope to get a better view.
· 解析: 常指山坡、斜坡,如 ski slope(滑雪坡道)。
42. intensity 强烈,强度
· 例句: The storm is expected to increase in intensity.
· 解析: 可指光线、情感的“强度”或地震等的“烈度”。
43. underlying 含蓄的,潜在的
· 例句: We need to address the underlying causes of the problem.
· 解析: 常修饰 cause/problem/reason,表示“根本的、潜在的”。
44. urban 城市的
· 例句: Urban sprawl is a major concern for city planners.
· 解析: 与 rural(农村的)相对,urbanization(城市化)也是常考点。
45. overpass 天桥,立交桥
· 例句: A pedestrian overpass was built to ensure the safety of students.
· 解析: = footbridge(美式英语中常见)。
46. bypass 旁道;分流术;绕过;置…于不顾
· 例句: He decided to bypass the regular channels and speak directly to the manager.
· 解析: 动词常指“绕过(规定、程序或人)”,名词指心脏搭桥手术:heart bypass。
47. insert 插入,嵌入
· 例句: Please insert a coin before pressing the button.
· 解析: insert A into B(把A插入B中)。
48. collision 碰撞,冲突
· 例句: The car was severely damaged in the collision.
· 解析: collision between...and...,及文化/观念冲突(collision of cultures)。
49. explicit 详述的,明晰的;直言的
· 例句: The teacher gave explicit instructions on how to complete the project.
· 解析: 清晰明确,不含糊,与 implicit(含蓄的、隐含的)相对。
50. sting 刺,蛰;感到剧痛;刺痛;激怒;蜇刺;剧痛
· 例句: The harsh criticism clearly stung him.
· 解析: 过去式/过去分词 stung。除昆虫叮咬外,常指“伤害感情、激怒”。
51. translation 翻译;译文
· 例句: I prefer reading the original novel to the translation.
· 解析: 搭配 in translation(以译文形式),lost in translation(在翻译中流失)。
52. consequently 所以
· 例句: The company lost a major contract. Consequently, many staff were laid off.
· 解析: 表示因果关系的连接副词,相当于 as a result。
53. wander 漫游;偏离正道;走神
· 例句: Halfway through the lecture, my mind began to wander.
· 解析: 特指注意力不集中而“走神、开小差”。
54. enable 使能够
· 例句: The new software enables users to edit photos more efficiently.
· 解析: 常考搭配 enable sb. to do sth.(使某人能够做某事)。
55. intact 完整无缺的
· 例句: Miraculously, the ancient vase remained intact after the earthquake.
· 解析: 后置形容词,多与 remain/stay/keep 连用,表示状态完好。
56. strip 脱光衣服;剥去;剥夺;条,带状物
· 例句: The general was stripped of his rank for misconduct.
· 解析: strip sb. of sth.(剥夺某人的职位/财产/权力)。
57. abuse 滥用;虐待;辱骂
· 例句: He was sentenced to prison for abusing his power as a public official.
· 解析: child abuse(虐待儿童),drug abuse(药物滥用),verbal abuse(辱骂)