近期我完成了4套高质量试卷：2025年全国1卷、全国2卷，2026年浙江首考卷，以及T8首考卷。在此过程中，我梳理了试卷中反复出现的重点单词、核心语法结构，并简单总结了关于“七选五”题型的底层逻辑。现将这些内容整理成文，与大家分享。
高考重点英语单词 & 短语（附语境）
1. decarbonize（v.）脱碳，减少碳排放
2. account for（短语）占据；解释
3. sustainable fuel（短语）可持续燃料
4. energy-efficient（adj.）节能的
5. electrified（adj.）电气化的
6. renewable energy（短语）可再生能源
7. frequency（n.）频率
8. length（n.）长度
9. severity（n.）严重性
10. genuine（adj.）真实的，真诚的
11. writing（n.）写作
12. in and of itself（短语）就其本身而言
13. simply didn’t strike them as important（语境）只是没觉得它们重要
14. a persuasive piece（短语）一篇有说服力的文章/作品
15. cutting-edge technology（短语）前沿科技
16. highlight（v.）强调；突出
17. update（v./n.）更新
18. initiate（v.）发起，开始
19. are exposed to（短语）暴露于；接触到
20. While（连词）虽然，尽管；（句中）然而
语境：While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian mobility, especially among young children.（尽管近年来街道安全可能有所改善，但交通研究也显示行人流动性下降，尤其是在幼儿中。）
21. are bothered by（短语）被……困扰/烦恼
22. Describing her alarm at...（语境）描述她对……的担忧
语境：Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（在描述她对拟用高速公路取而代之的担忧时，简·雅各布斯呼吁市长支持“纽约成为一个体面的居住地，而不仅仅是一个匆忙穿行的地方”。）
23. decent（adj.）体面的，优雅的，迷人的，有吸引力的（graceful/elegant/charming/attractive）
24. He was unhappy over the way we had parted. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned.（语境）他对我们分开的方式感到不满。不过，我想他会挺过去的。
25. The hospital school is free of parents.（语境）医院学校没有家长。
（类似用法：sugarfree 无糖的，smokefree 无烟的）
26. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools.（语境）她通常与他们的常规老师合作，获取他们原学校正在使用的课程和测试。
27. Having finished my homework, I went out to play.（语境）做完作业后，我出去玩了。（非谓语动词完成式）
28. priority（n.）优先事项 → prioritize（v.）优先处理
29. sustain（v.）维持，支撑
30. tend to（短语）倾向于
31. be invested in / pour myself into / be absorbed in / be applied to / be buried in / be committed to / be devoted to / be engaged in（短语）投入于，专注于，致力于
32. productivity（n.）生产力
33. sustainability（n.）可持续性
34. necessity（n.）必要性；必需品
35. Plants Brighten Your Home（语境）植物点亮你的家
36. sth served as a reminder that...（短语）某物提醒人们……
37. From technological solutions to educational campaigns（语境）从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动
38. It changed its menu to exclusively offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.（语境）它改变了菜单，专门提供原本会被扔掉的食物。
39. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.（语境）每道菜都是量身定制的，以提高人们对食物浪费的意识。
40. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage.（语境）应当指出，wastED菜单上的菜品严格来说没有一样是用垃圾做的。
41. it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.（语境）这提醒人们，解决可持续性问题有很多方法，而且几乎任何东西都可以做出一顿美味的饭。
42. customize（v.）定制
43. I forced a smile, unsure how to respond further. I just smiled and nodded approvingly. This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain.（语境）我挤出一个微笑，不知道该如何进一步回应。我只是微笑着赞许地点点头。这种方式让我免去了不得不过度解释的不适。
44. He is credited by many for helping to bring the blues to a global stage.（语境）许多人认为他帮助将蓝调音乐带上了全球舞台。
45. Perhaps the most anticipated event is the Beale Street Birthday Bash on 14 September, a night of music on the legendary street.（语境）也许最受期待的活动是9月14日在比尔街举行的生日狂欢，那是在这条传奇街道上的一个音乐之夜。
46. A memorial ceremony for Medgar Evers.（语境）为梅德加·埃弗斯举行的纪念仪式。
47. They offer a themed tour.（语境）他们提供主题游览。
48. I was fascinated by the sun. A question possessed me: did I sense the sunlight with my mouth or my eyes?（语境）我被太阳迷住了。一个问题占据了我：我是用嘴巴还是用眼睛感受到阳光的？
49. But my passion for animals and plants progressed of itself, fueled by / inspired by / motivated by...（语境）但我对动植物的热情自然而然地发展起来，由……所激发。
50. the country school's continuous offerings — from studying the pigeon on my book to collecting snails, catching frogs, and admiring beetles in the fields（语境）乡村学校不断提供的（学习机会）——从研究书上的鸽子，到收集蜗牛、抓青蛙、在田野里欣赏甲虫。
51. inquiring（adj./v.）爱探究的；询问
52. It means a person would also consume a substantial portion of the daily recommended limit of fat, which is known to raise cholesterol and harm heart health.（语境）这意味着一个人还会摄入每日推荐脂肪限量的很大一部分，而脂肪已知会提高胆固醇并损害心脏健康。
53. Ultimately（adv.）最终
54. the celebrated health benefits of dark chocolate appear to be rooted more in marketing and wishful thinking than in robust science.（语境）黑巧克力的著名健康益处似乎更多源于营销和一厢情愿，而不是可靠的科学。
55. from a single, sugary treat（短语）来自一种含糖零食
56. Increase in sugar consumption（短语）糖消费量的增加
57. One of the longest traffic jams on record, trapping thousands of vehicles over more than 100 kilometers and lasting more than 10 days.（语境）有记录以来最长的交通堵塞之一，困住了数千辆车，绵延超过100公里，持续了10多天。
58. In technical terms, it's a form of emotion regulation — like reminding ourselves that the scary movie isn't real.（语境）用专业术语来说，这是一种情绪调节形式——就像提醒自己恐怖电影不是真的。
59. When we start to feel impatient, we can let that feeling rage — or we can regulate it.（语境）当我们开始感到不耐烦时，我们可以让那种情绪肆虐，也可以调节它。
60. To justify a virtue.（短语）为一种美德辩护。
61. To redefine patience.（短语）重新定义耐心。
62. To identify impatience.（短语）识别不耐烦。
63. I heard a new complaint.（语境）我听到了一种新的抱怨。
64. may not fully reflect your dedication.（语境）可能无法完全反映你的投入。
65. be dedicated to doing（短语）致力于做某事
66. High marks are for excellence, not perseverance.（语境）高分是为了卓越，而不是为了坚持。
67. They may not drive a stylish car.（语境）他们可能不开时髦的车。
68. a vibrant harbour where memories endured and new stories unfolded（短语）一个充满活力的港湾，那里记忆长存，新故事展开
69. This tech system greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of biodiversity protection. It primarily needs manual data collection.（语境）这套技术系统大大提高了生物多样性保护的效率和准确性。但它主要需要人工数据收集。
70. Feeling fascinated（短语）感到着迷
71. Despite their impressive size, what surprised me, and was so magnificent, was the sound of the tall grass being torn with their trunks.（语境）尽管它们体型惊人，但让我感到惊讶且如此壮丽的，是它们用象鼻撕扯高草的声音。
72. tear - tore - torn（v.）撕扯
73. Caused a sudden disturbance（短语）引起突然的骚动
74. This movie is open to multiple interpretations. It is primarily a Christmas-themed story.（语境）这部电影可以有多种解读。它主要是一个以圣诞节为主题的故事。
75. The unpredictability of life（短语）生活的不可预测性
76. Napping is frowned upon in a productivity-driven society, but it’s how we’re hardwired. Use it strategically to increase your capacity and productivity.（语境）在以生产力为导向的社会中，小睡是不被赞同的，但这是我们天生的方式。策略性地利用它来提升你的能力和效率。
77. submission（n.）提交；屈服
78. maintenance（n.）维护，保养
79. estimated project timeline（短语）预估项目时间线
80. due（adj. = deadline 名）截止日期
81. duration（n.）持续时间
82. outline（n./v.）大纲；概述
83. is relevant（短语）是相关的
84. enthusiast（n.）热衷者，爱好者
85. contextualize（v.）将……置于上下文中
86. engagement / engaged in / engage（n./v.）参与，投入
87. what started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy.（语境）最初只是一个实验，现在更像是一种理念。
88. energize（v.）给……能量，激励
89. demonstrate（v.）展示，证明
90. be passionate about（短语）对……充满热情
91. assumption（n.）假设
92. irrelevant（adj.）不相关的
语法部分：
1.主语从句：It is estimated that...，What counts is not mere effort but the progress and result.
2.宾语从句：Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.
I make it clear that ‘A’ is not granted for effort itself.
3.状语从句：
时间状语从句：When the final bell rang in June, I walked away...
when the wait itself was unappealing，...
条件状语从句：If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent”...
4.反身代词：Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.
5.并列结构：
I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak...
the ability to connect people, to put us in another‘s skin, to teach us what it means to be human
6.副词修饰:修饰副词comparatively easily, 修饰形容词very appealing, 修饰动词Sarah arrived precisely at 2:00 p.m., has been increasing rapidly.
7.定语从句：few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis statement；the thing they were waiting for was very appealing（省略that/which）；This is the librarywhere I used to study every weekend.The writerwhose book won the award is giving a speech tomorrow.This is the topicaboutwhich we talked yesterday.The old manin whose house we stayed was a retired teacher.The professorto whom you spoke just now is famous for his research.
8.谓语动词：一般现在时：What counts is not mere effort...、students are assessed on the quality...；现在完成时：It has ended as planned.现在完成进行时：The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.
情态动词+动词原形：Few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis statement.
9.非谓语动词（to do / doing / done）：不定式（to do）①. 一般式主动（to do）：to discover one of the great wonders、to put us in another’s skin、to teach us what it means to be human、to be safe enough（省to，原为to be）②. 一般式被动（to be done）：to be carried around（fuels need to be safe enough to be carried）、to be laughed at（Ms Donohue used to be laughed at）、to be rewarded（Generation Z expect to be rewarded）、to be interpreted、to be absorbed（let audiences be absorbed in）
过去分词（done）：recycled air、a much-anticipated performance、an acquired virtue、a born personality
10.状语从句的省略：He ran down the stairs as if (he was) chased by someone.Unless (you are) invited, I won‘t go to the party.When (you are) crossing the street, you should look both ways.It has ended as （it was）planned
七选五的两个思维角度：
1.选项与段落“子话题”的严格一致性。 解题时，先快速归纳每个段落（尤其是设空处所在段落）的核心内容。一个段落只讲一件事。正确选项必须是对这个“核心事件”的展开、举例、解释、结果或总结。任何偏离该段落核心话题的选项，无论语法多正确，都应立即排除。
2.“钩子”词是解题的金钥匙。养成在选项中圈画代词（it, they, them,she, this）、定冠词+名词（the cafe, the problem）、逻辑连词（however, therefore） 和核心实词（同义词、反义词、同类词） 的习惯。然后回到原文，寻找与之匹配的“钩子”。钩子匹配度越高，选项正确的可能性越大。
