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期中语法复习(名词性从句和定语从句)

  • 2026-10-03 01:48:04
期中语法复习(名词性从句和定语从句)

学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________

期中语法复习

(名词性从句和定语从句)

一、高考真题

1.(2026年全国一卷)Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup.

【63题详解】

考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句,stands(摊位)是先行词,关系代词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which引导从句。

2.(2026年全国二卷)We move on to tai chi positions, of ____61____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine.

【61题详解】

考查定语从句。句意:我们继续学习太极招式,安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句,先行词positions,在从句中作介词of的宾语,用关系代词which。

3.(2026年浙江1月)The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____41____ always ended in laughter. 

【41题详解】

考查定语从句。句意:微波炉的警报声很大,但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音,仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句,先行词是a scream,指物,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。

4.(2025年北京卷)The truth, though, is ____13____ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest.

考查表语从句引导词。句意:不过,真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,用what引导,what在从句中作主语,意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。

5.(2024·新高考II卷·语法填空)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 

【答案】what

【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买,那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语,且是指事物,所以应用连接代词what。故填what。

二、单句语法填空

1.Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out,  fuels my enthusiasm for English and promotes me to regain tremendous confidence. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:每当我遇到困难时,你总是鼓励我、帮助我,这让我对英语的热情不断增长,并重新找回了巨大的信心。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,主语是整个主句的内容,因此用关系代词which引导定语从句。

2.Tu Youyou,  discovered artemisinin, saved millions of lives worldwide. 

【答案】who

【详解】句意:屠呦呦发现了青蒿素,拯救了全世界数百万人的生命。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词Tu Youyou指人,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who。

3.We have reached a point  we must take action to reduce pollution around our community. 

【答案】where

【详解】句意:我们已经到了必须采取行动减少社区周边污染的阶段。先行词是point,表示抽象地点,定语从句中不缺主语和宾语,用关系副词where引导从句。

4.There was a moment  I realized that every small action could make a difference to nature protection. 

【答案】when

【详解】句意:有那么一刻,我意识到每一个微小的行动都能对自然保护产生影响。_______ I realized that every small action could make a difference to nature protection是关系词引导的定语从句修饰先行词a moment;先行词是表示时间的名词,所填关系词在该从句中作时间状语,要填关系副词when。

5.We have seen a lot of examples  the animals start to depend too much on humans. 

【答案】where

【详解】句意:我们已经看到了很多动物开始过度依赖人类的例子。此处为限制性定语从句,先行词是examples,为抽象地点名词,从句中缺少地点状语,需用关系副词where引导。

6.People sit on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of  have been read hundreds of times. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:人们坐在塑料椅子上翻阅旧杂志,这些杂志全都已经被看过数百遍了。“all of ______ have been read hundreds of times”为非限制性定语从句,先行词是old magazines,指物,关系词作介词of的宾语,用which。

7.I speak with the on-duty nurse,  tells me that Lara’s parents rushed her to the hospital. 

【答案】who

【详解】句意:我和值班护士交谈,她告诉我劳拉的父母急忙把她送到了医院。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是the on‑duty nurse,指人,从句缺少主语,故用关系代词who。

8.The birds on the islands had beaks of different shapes,  interested Darwin greatly. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:岛上的鸟有着不同形状的喙,这引起了达尔文极大的兴趣。空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面整句话的内容在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which。

9.The ceremony will be held in the city art museum,  dates back over fifty years. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:仪式将在市艺术博物馆举行,该博物馆有五十多年的历史。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the city art museum,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which。

10.All  we can do is provide food and supplies for them. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:我们所能做的就是为他们提供食物和物资。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词All,在从句中作宾语;All为不定代词,指物,只能用关系代词that引导。

11.He’s sensitive and rather serious, sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.

【答案】which

【详解】句意:他很敏感,而且相当严肃,这有时使他显得有点书呆子气。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代上文句子在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。

12.People living in different places have different ways of life,  shows the diversity of the world. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:生活在不同地方的人们有着不同的生活方式,这体现了世界的多样性。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句所表述的内容,且在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词which引导。

13.The Arctic fox lives in the Arctic tundra,  the temperature is extremely low all year round. 

【答案】where

【详解】句意:北极狐生活在北极苔原,那里全年气温极低。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Arctic tundra,在从句作地点状语,故用where引导。

14.A garden can be a private world in  people can relax after a day’s work. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:花园可以是一个私人的世界,结束一天的工作后,人们能在里面放松身心。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是 a private world,在定语从句中作地点状语,定语从句还原为:people can relax in the private world, 介词in提前,构成 in which,相当于关系副词where。

15.The parents often have different ideas about their son’s future,  leads to a conflict. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:父母对儿子的未来常常有不同的想法,这导致了冲突。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子的内容,并在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which。

16.A charity is an organization  helps people or animals in need. 

【答案】that/which

【详解】句意:慈善机构是帮助有需要的人或动物的组织。本空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是an organization,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词that/which引导。

17.For those  interests lie in cultural experiences, attending a shadow puppetry performance offers a wonderful opportunity to appreciate the vibrant puppets and captivating stories. 

【答案】whose

【详解】句意:对于那些对文化体验感兴趣的人来说,观看皮影戏表演是欣赏栩栩如生的皮影和引人入胜的故事的绝佳机会。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词those(指人),关系词与interests为所属关系,作定语,用whose引导。

18.A national plant collection can include a number of well-tended plants, many of  are suitable for domestic gardens. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:国家植物收藏可包括许多养护得当的植物,其中许多适合家庭花园种植。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为plants(指物),且设空处在从句中作介词of的宾语,应用关系代词which。

19.When people think about operating systems  were developed for the personal computer, Microsoft may come to mind. 

【答案】which/that

【详解】句意:当人们想到为个人电脑研发的操作系统时,微软可能就会出现在脑海中。设空处引导定语从句,修饰operating systems(指物),且定语从句缺少主语,所以使用关系代词which/ that。

20.To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from  he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:为了撰写自己的医学著作,李时珍参考了800余部医学典籍、大量历史和地理著作及文学作品。他甚至研读了众多古代诗人的全集,并从中选取了数量惊人的医学相关诗句。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为the complete works of many ancient poets,指物,关系词在从句中作介词from的宾语,需用关系代词which。

21.What began as a hobby for a child has since become a way of life for Konde,  is now the chairman of the university’s Martial Arts Club. 

【答案】who

【详解】句意:最初只是一个孩子爱好的事情,自此成为了孔德的一种生活方式,他现在是这所大学武术社团的主席。本空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Konde,指人,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导。

22.During the visit, I tasted various delicious local foods, among  I liked seafood most. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:在这次访问中,我品尝了各种美味的当地食物,其中我最喜欢海鲜。逗号后为非限制性定语从句,先行词是various delicious local foods,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词among的宾语,用关系代词which。

23.Yue BA, the Guangdong City Basketball League, is a stage  every city in Guangdong shows its unity and courage. 

【答案】where

【详解】句意:粤BA,即广东省城市篮球联赛,是广东省各个城市展现团结与勇气的舞台。 空格引导定语从句,先行词为stage,从句不缺主语、宾语,先行词表地点,在从句中充当地点状语,用关系副词where。

24.Held from March 10 to 12, the London Book Fair is one of the world’s most influential platforms,  attracts thousands of publishing professionals worldwide. 

【答案】which

【详解】句意:于3月10日至12日举办的伦敦书展是全球最具影响力的平台之一,吸引着世界各地成千上万的出版行业专业人士。 空格引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the London Book Fair(事物),从句缺主语,只能用关系代词which。

25.The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air — a scream  always ended in laughter. 

【答案】that/which

【详解】句意:微波炉警报声很大,但我们用自己的喧闹盖过了那声响,仰头朝着空中大喊 —— 这样的尖叫最后总会化作一阵笑声。 空格处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是a scream,指代事物且在从句中作主语,需用关系代词which/that。

26. matters most is that it has a comprehensive influence on our present days and constructs new relationship between humans and the environment of ancient city. 

【答案】What

【详解】句意:最重要的是,它对我们当下产生全方位的影响,并在人类与古城环境之间构建起新的关系。空格处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,此处表示“最重要的是”,因此用what引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母大写。

27.He didn’t attend the meeting yesterday. That’s  he doesn’t know our plan for the trip. 

【答案】why

【详解】句意:他昨天没有参加会议。那就是他不知道我们旅行计划的原因。空处引导表语从句,表示“……的原因”,应用连接副词why。

28. I want to emphasize is that if we love life, our inspiration for poems will never run out. 

【答案】What

【详解】句意:我想要强调的是,如果我们热爱生活,诗歌的灵感就永远不会枯竭。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺宾语,用what来引导,句首单词首字母需要大写。

29. is universally acknowledged is that exploration, whether of the sea or of a career, requires courage and persistence. 

【答案】What

【详解】句意:众所周知,无论是海洋探索还是职业探索,都需要勇气和毅力。空处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指物,需用连接代词what引导,位于句首,首字母需大写。

30. she changed her view on appearance after the discussion is clear from her essay. 

【答案】That

【详解】句意:她在这次讨论之后改变了对外貌的看法,这一点从她的文章中可以清楚看出。空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中不缺成分,且句子意思完整,因此用that引导主语从句。首字母大写。

31.It is obvious  many readers overlook the deeper meaning behind facial appearances. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:显然,许多读者忽视了面部外貌背后更深层的意义。It is obvious that...是固定句型,意为“显然……”,其中it是形式主语,that引导主语从句。

32.The question is  will inherit the old master’s workshop after he retires. 

【答案】who

【详解】句意:问题是谁将在老匠人退休后继承他的工作室。空处位于系动词is之后,引导表语从句;从句缺少主语,指代人,表示“谁”,应用连接代词who引导表语从句,在从句中作主语。

33.It is clear  presenting ideas with confidence can win over any audience. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:很明显,充满自信地表达观点能够赢得任何观众。分析句子结构可知,It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,从句成分完整、句意完整,应使用连接词that引导。

34. we can conclude from the passage is that inner beauty is truly lasting. 

【答案】What

【详解】句意:我们从这篇文章中得出的结论是,内在美才是真正持久的。空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作动词conclude的宾语,表示“……的事物”,应该用what引导;同时该空置于句首,开头单词首字母大写。

35.The question remains  the young generation will inherit these fading traditions. 

【答案】whether

【详解】句意:问题仍然是,年轻一代是否会继承这些日渐衰落的传统。主句主语为The question,系动词remains后接表语从句;question本身含有“能否、是否”的疑问意味,从句结构完整,缺少“是否”的含义,故用whether引导表语从句;if 通常不用于引导系动词后的表语从句,因此不可填 if。

36.It is still under debate  superficial beauty can leave a lasting impression. 

【答案】whether/if

【详解】句意:关于外在美能否留下持久印象,目前仍在争论之中。it是形式主语,空格处引导主语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,此处表示“外在美能否留下持久印象”,空格处表达“是否”,用whether/if引导主语从句。

37.This is  excellence in any profession requires continuous learning and innovation. 

【答案】why

【详解】句意:这就是为什么任何职业中的卓越都需要持续学习和创新。空格处引导表语从句,句子表示“这就是为什么任何职业中的卓越都需要持续学习和创新”,空格处表示“为什么”,用why引导表语从句。

38.It is important  we develop a deeper understanding of beauty beyond looks. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:重要的是,我们要培养一种超越外表的、对美的更深层次的理解。本句为“It is + adj. + that从句”句型,其中It为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。该从句结构完整,不缺少成分,且句意陈述一个事实,故用that引导,that在从句中不充当成分,仅起连接作用。

39.The reason why the craft survives is  the dedicated craftsmen keep passing it down. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:这项手艺得以留存的原因是专注的工匠们一直在将它传承下去。空处引导表语从句,从句成分和意义都完整,应用连接词that引导。也可看作固定句型:the reason why...is that...“……的原因是……”。

40.The question is  we can accomplish the task of preserving our heritage within five years. 

【答案】whether

【详解】句意:问题是我们能否在五年内完成保护遗产的任务。空处引导表语从句,从句主干成分完整,但需添加“是否”句意才完整,因此用连接词whether“是否”引导从句。

41. the character finally changed his attitude towards face values is the key turning point of the story. 

【答案】How

【详解】句意:这个角色最终是如何改变他对面子观的态度的,是故事的关键转折点。空处可填入连接副词How来引导主语从句,且在从句中作方式状语,表示“如何”。

42. determines the success of a presentation is the speaker's inner belief in his idea. 

【答案】What

【详解】句意:决定一场演讲能否成功的是演讲者内心对自己观点的信念。此处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,表示“……的事物”,用连接代词what,位于句首,首字母需大写。

43.The truth is  accomplishing such a heritage project requires both passion and patience. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:真实情况是完成这样的遗产项目既需要热情,也需要耐心。该空后是一个陈述句作表语从句,解释truth的内容,句意和句子结构完整,连接词应填that。

44.The reason why he chose to be a craftsman is  he was deeply attracted by traditional skills. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:他选择成为一名工匠的原因是他被传统技艺深深吸引了。本句为主从复合句,空处位于系动词之后引导表语从句,从句结构完整,句意清晰,空处应用that引导表语从句,在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用;且The reason why...is that...为固定句式,意为“……的原因是……”。

45. we view beauty from a different perspective will change our attitude towards ourselves. 

【答案】That

【详解】句意:我们从不同的视角看待美,会改变我们对自己的态度。_______ we view beauty from a different perspective是主语从句,从句成分完整、句意完整,不缺任何成分,用that引导,that无实际意义但不可省略,注意首字母大写。

46.It is well known  physical appearance fades with time, but character does not. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:众所周知,人的外貌会随着时间流逝而衰退,但品格不会。It is well known...意为“众所周知……”,It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,physical appearance fades with time, but character does not结构、意思完整,不缺少任何成分,需要用引导词that来引出。

47. we should define beauty by outer looks or inner character is the topic of our discussion. 

【答案】Whether

【详解】句意:我们应该以外貌还是内在品格来定义美,这是我们讨论的主题。此处为主语从句,从句含有选择含义,用whether引导主语从句,whether...or...,表示“是……还是……”,句首单词首字母应大写。

48. the author ends the passage with a question shows his open attitude towards beauty. 

【答案】That

【详解】句意:作者以一个问题结束全文这一行为,体现了他对美持有的开放态度。空处引导主语从句,the author ends the passage with a question结构和意思完整,应用that引导,位于句首大写首字母。

49.It is important  we learn to read between the lines when studying literary works. 

【答案】that

【详解】句意:在学习文学作品时,我们学会读出字里行间的言外之意,这一点很重要。It是形式主语,空处引导主语从句,从句成分和意义都完整,应用that引导;此处也可看作固定句型:it is important that sb. should do sth.。

50. we can truly judge a person from his looks is still a heated debate. 

【答案】Whether

【详解】句意:我们能否仅凭外表真正评判一个人,依旧是一场激烈的争论。空处在句首,引导主语从句,表示“是否”之意,应用whether,位于句首,首字母需大写

三、完成句子

51.He is always finding fault with me, __________________. 

他总是对我百般挑剔,这使我非常生气。

【答案】which makes me very angry

【详解】此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰上文句子,从句缺少主语,故用which;表示“使我非常生气”为make me very angry,主句为现在进行时表喜好,实则陈述习惯性行为,故从句用一般现在时,主语which为单数意义,谓语用makes。

52.篮子里有很多水果,其中一些是苹果。

There are many fruits in the basket, ________. 

【答案】some of which are apples

【详解】表示“一些……”用some of;表示“苹果”用apple,用复数形式表示不止一个苹果。表示“其中一些是苹果”用非限制性定语从句,先行词是many fruits,指物,关系词代替先行词作介词of的宾语。some of which在从句中作主语。根据are可知,主句为一般现在时,从句时态保持一致,用一般现在时,从句系动词用are。

53.她就是那个努力学习数学的女孩。

She is the girl __________________.

【答案】who/that studies math hard

【详解】定语从句修饰先行词girl,在从句中作主语,故用who或that引导;表示“努力学习数学”为study math hard。根据上文is可知为一般现在时,从句谓语用三单形式。

54.我花10元钱买的钢笔丢了。

I lost the pen__________________.

【答案】that/which cost me 10 yuan

【详解】“花费我10元钱”表达为cost me 10 yuan;结合lost可知,此处使用一般过去时, 先行词the pen为事物,在定语从句中作主语。关系代词用that/which。

55.他考试通过了,这使他父母很高兴。

He passed the exam, __________________.

【答案】which made his parents happy

【详解】非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子,从句缺少主语,指物用which;表示“使某人高兴”为make sb. happy;表示“父母”为his parents;根据上文passed可知为一般过去时。

56._______________ you’d read every word in it and needed another to start. 

你读了书中的每一个字,需要开始读另一本书,这对她没什么作用。

【答案】It made no difference to her that

【详解】根据句意,此处为“it作形式主语,that引导主语从句作真正主语”结构,表示“对某人没什么作用”为make no difference to sb.,从句陈述过去事实,主句使用一般过去时,所以make使用过去式made,表示“她”为her作to的宾语,句首单词首字母大写。

57._________, they’ll want to go outside constantly. 

如果我们承认这是门,他们就会一直想出去。

【答案】If we admit it is a door

【详解】空处需填if引导的条件状语从句,if表示“如果”;人称代词we作主语,admit意为“承认”,遵循主将从现,从句用一般现在时;宾语从句it is a door表示“这是门”,作宾语。

58.我没赶上公交车,那就是我迟到的原因。

I missed the bus. _________________ I was late.

【答案】That is why

【详解】That is why+句子,意为“那就是……的原因”,站在现在,陈述这件往事带来的结果,可以用一般现在时,why引导表语从句。

59.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司,却被告知他们被解雇了。

They reached the company out of breath, ____________.

【答案】only to be told they were fired

【详解】根据句意,此处表示“却被告知他们被解雇了”,表示意料之外的糟糕结果,需用only to do结构作结果状语,表示“告知”为动词tell,与逻辑主语they之间为被动关系,因此不定式使用被动形式to be told;told后接省略引导词that的宾语从句,主句时态为一般过去时,从句时态保持一致,“被解雇”译为be fired,主语为they,be动词选用were。

60.每个人都怀疑他们是否有幸活着。

Everyone ___________________.

【答案】is sceptical about whether they are fortunate enough to be alive

【详解】根据句意可知,本句时态可用一般现在时描述一般性、经常性动作,表示“怀疑某事”可用短语be sceptical about sth,因为主语Everyone是第三人称单数,所以be动词用is,表示“是否”可用whether来引导宾语从句,宾语从句中表示“他们”可用人称代词they作主语,表示“有幸活着”可用短语be fortunate enough to be alive,因为主语是they,所以be动词用are。

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  139. /www/wwwroot/www.sjds.net/runtime/temp/022a5b1eae5a9e3c31e54f699d8ae600.php ( 8.05 KB )
  140. /www/wwwroot/www.sjds.net/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000564s ] mysql:host=172.18.0.4;port=3306;dbname=www_sjds;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000910s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000441s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000320s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000549s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000273s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000651s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 518890 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000511s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1790989783 WHERE `id` = 518890 [ RunTime:0.001905s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000322s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 518890 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000464s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 518890 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000399s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 518890 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000720s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 518890 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.000579s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 518890 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.000779s ]
0.087998s