十大主题真题词汇一轮复习7:优秀品行(2027届)
- 2026-10-11 15:24:28
往期链接
十个大主题：供参考（大致发布顺序）
8 文学艺术 9 传统文化 10 杰出人物
2027届一轮真题主题群文词汇复习：优秀品行学案
精选真题来源：
2026年全国II卷 七选五（Ways to Teach Kids Work Ethic Early）
2026年北京卷 七选五（Are Moral People Happier?）
2025年全国II卷 B篇（Hospital Teacher Kathy Ho）
2025年全国II卷 七选五（Volunteering as a Family）
2025年新高考I卷 完形填空（Moving Sale & Giveaway）
2023年全国I卷 完形填空（Cross-country Race Act of Kindness）
2024年1月浙江卷 语法填空（Shopping for One）
学习目标： 通过本练习，你将能够：
1. 掌握优秀品行主题下的阅读词汇及词性变化；
2. 根据核心词汇的语用功能进行主题分类（如善良助人、责任担当、坚韧成长、同理心关怀等），形成语义场，进行表达与交流；
3. 综合运用话题词汇完成主题写作，实现语言迁移创新。
一、阅读词汇
I. 话题词汇和短语英汉互译
【核心词与障碍词】
纲内词：
1. moral adj./n. ________ 15. responsibility n. ________
2. character n. ________ 16. determination n. ________
3. volunteer v./n. ________ 17. community n. ________
4. sympathy n. ________ 18. benefit n./v. ________
5. priority n. ________ 19. recover v. ________
6. assign v. ________ 20. psychological adj. ________
7. aid n./v. ________ 21. display n./v. ________
8. exchange n./v. ________ 22. compete v. ________
9. achievement n. ________23. courage n. ________
10. regular adj. ________ 24. internalise v. ________
11. consistent adj. ________25. perseverance n. ________
12. obligation n. ________ 26. academics n. ________
13. anticipate v. ________ 27. encounter v./n. ________
14. assess v. ________ 28. distinguish v. ________
纲外词/高阶词：
1. resilience n. ________ 8. disservice n. ________
2. well-being n. ________ 9. trade-off n. ________
3. landfill n. ________ 10. checkpoint n. ________
4. forward-looking adj. ________ 11. career-threatening adj. ________
5. prioritise/prioritize v. ________ 12. multi-buy n. ________
6. internalise/internalize v. ________ 13. self-sacrifice n. ________
7. setback n. ________ 14. giveaway n. ________
核心短语英汉互译
英译汉：
1. take pride in a job well done ________
2. keep up with their peers ________
3. make it to the finish line ________
4. tackle tasks with enthusiasm ________
5. set sb. up for a lifetime of resilience ________
6. bend down to let sb. climb onto one‘s back ________
7. race into the house ________
8. empty out the beloved home ________
9. struggle with extreme pain ________
10. lend a helping hand ________
11. take on responsibility ________
12. keep one’s dreams alive ________
13. set a positive example for ________
14. develop a sense of resilience ________
15. make a profound difference to ________
16. internalise the value of hard work ________
17. stand up for someone ________
18. stretch thin ________
19. resist the urge to ________
20. normalise mistakes as a natural part of learning ________
汉译英：
1. 以……为豪 ________
2. 跟上同龄人 ________
3. 成功到达某地 ________
4. 满怀热情地处理任务 ________
5. 为……的终身韧性打好基础 ________
6. 弯下腰 ________
7. 冲进房间 ________
8. 清空心爱的家 ________
9. 与极度疼痛/艰难作斗争 ________
10. 伸出援手 ________
11. 承担责任 ________
12. 让梦想保持活力 ________
13. 为……树立积极榜样 ________
14. 培养韧性 ________
15. 对……产生深远影响 ________
16. 内化勤奋的价值 ________
17. 为某人挺身而出 ________
18. 分身乏术/精力耗尽 ________
19. 抑制住……的冲动 ________
20. 把错误视为学习的正常部分 _______
II. 话题词汇词形变化和运用
核心词性转化
1.volunteer v.(自愿做) →n.volunteer (志愿者) →adj.________(自愿的)→ adv. voluntarily (自愿地)
2.sympathise/sympathize v.(同情) →n.sympathy (同情心) →adj. ________ (同情的) → adv.sympathetically (同情地)
3.________ n.(责任)→adj. responsible (负责的) → adv.responsibly (负责地)
4.determine v. (决定)→n. ________ (决心) determined (坚定的)→ adv. determinedly (坚定地)
5.prioritise/prioritize v.(优先)→n. ________ (优先权)→adj. prior (先前的) → adv.previously (先前地)
6.assess v.(评估)→n.________(评估)
7.________v.(竞争) →n.competition (竞争) →adj.competitive (有竞争力的) → adv.competitively (竞争地)
8.achieve v. (实现)→n. achievement (成就)→adj.________ (可实现的)
9.internalise v.(内化) →n.internalisation (内化) →adj. ________ (内部的) → adv.internally (内部地)
10.recover v.(恢复) →n. ________ (恢复) →adj.recoverable (可恢复的)
11.consistency n.(一致性) →adj. ________ (一致的) → adv.consistently (一贯地)
【即时演练】单句语法填空
1. Researchers had not directly examined if moral character, broadly speaking, is linked to ________ (happy).
2.Physical health and mental health are the ________ (prior). Academics don‘t come first.
3.Lenoue would have struggled with extreme ________ (tired) to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
4. When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth, kids ________ (internal) that helping with housework is simply part of life.
5. My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the ________ (chaotic) of my house.
6. The teacher‘s ________ (guide) helped the student find his direction in life.
7. His ________ (persevere) in the face of difficulties inspired all of us.
8. The experience left a deep ________ (impress) on her, changing her view on life.
9. She showed great ________ (considerate) by offering her seat to the elderly man.
10. Volunteering is a ________ (meaning) activity that benefits both the giver and the receiver.
二、写作词汇（按功能分类）
（一）品行描述——核心品质词汇
1. 善良与同理心 (Kindness & Empathy)
kindness n. 善良
sympathy n. 同情心
empathy n. 同理心
consideration n. 体贴；体谅
compassion n. 同情；怜悯
generosity n. 慷慨；大方
selflessness n.无私
thoughtfulness n. 体贴；周到
（1）汉译英：善良不仅仅是做好事；它是一种理解他人感受并采取行动的能力。
_________________________________________________________________
（2）“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
翻译：_______________________________________________
（3）Giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（4）补全句子：Giving a helping hand to those in need not only brings warmth to others but also ______（让你感觉自己拥有更多的时间）.
2. 责任与担当 (Responsibility & Commitment)
responsibility n. 责任；职责
obligation n. 义务；责任
commitment n. 承诺；投入
duty n. 责任；义务
accountability n. 问责；责任感
discipline n. 纪律；自律
（1）Make housework part of the family routine. When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（2）补全句子：Parents should encourage children to ______（承担力所能及的家务劳动）from an early age.
（3） “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that‘s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” —— Kathy Ho
分析：此句中动词coach, advise, comfort转化为名词，体现“多重角色担当”。
（4）汉译英：一个有责任感的人会为自己的行为负责，并履行自己的承诺。
_________________________________________________________________
3. 坚韧与毅力 (Resilience & Perseverance)
resilience n. 韧性；快速恢复能力
perseverance n.毅力；坚持不懈
determination n. 决心
persistence n. 坚持
endurance n. 忍耐力
grit n. 勇气；毅力
（1）The trick is to let them struggle a bit —resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（2）补全句子：A person with strong ______（韧性）can bounce back from failures and keep moving forward.
（3）The daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（4）汉译英：坚持并不意味着永不放弃；它意味着在正确的道路上即使遇到困难也决不放弃。
_________________________________________________________________
4. 助人与奉献 (Helping Others & Dedication)
dedication n. 奉献；投入
sacrifice n./v.牺牲
contribution n.贡献
service n. 服务
volunteer v./n.自愿做；志愿者
charity n. 慈善
（1） Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn‘t. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（2）补全句子：Small acts of kindness, such as ______（给老年人让座）or helping a classmate with homework, can make a big difference.
（3）Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（4）汉译英：志愿服务的意义不仅在于帮助他人，还在于丰富我们自己的生活。
_________________________________________________________________
5. 成长与反思 (Growth & Self-reflection)
growth n. 成长
reflection n. 反思
self-awareness n. 自我认知
transformation n. 转变
maturity n. 成熟
（1）Those rated as more moral reported a stronger sense of well-being.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（2）补全句子：True growth comes not from avoiding failures but from ______（从错误中汲取教训）.
（3） Jealousy doesn‘t come from the success of others --- it comes when we forget our own worth.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（4）汉译英：当我们认识到自身的价值时，就不再需要通过与他人比较来证明自己。
_________________________________________________________________
（二）问题与影响——优秀品行缺失的后果
用于议论文论证“为什么要培养优秀品行”
lack of responsibility 缺乏责任感
absence of empathy 缺乏同理心
self-centered behavior 自我中心的行为
cause harm to others 对他人造成伤害
weaken social bonds 削弱社会联系
lead to conflicts 导致冲突
result in distrust 导致不信任
（1）汉译英：缺乏责任感不仅会影响个人成长，还会对社会造成负面影响。
_________________________________________________________________
（2）补全句子：When individuals fail to ______（为他人设身处地着想）, misunderstandings and conflicts are likely to arise.
（3）英译汉：A society without mutual trust and kindness can hardly achieve sustainable development.
_________________________________________________________________
（三）解决措施——如何培养/践行优秀品行
用于写作中“建议/倡议/解决方法”部分
develop a sense of responsibility 培养责任感
foster empathy in children 培养孩子的同理心
set a good example for 为……树立好榜样
encourage acts of kindness 鼓励善行
treat mistakes as learning opportunities 将错误视为学习机会
normalise failure as part of growth 正常看待失败是成长的一部分
participate in community service 参与社区服务
volunteer regularly 定期做志愿者
practice gratitude 练习感恩
reflect on one‘s own behavior 反思自己的行为
（1）Model the work ethic you want to see. If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely to do the same.
翻译：_______________________________________________
（2）补全句子：To foster empathy in children, parents should ______（鼓励他们参与志愿服务）and expose them to diverse experiences.
（3）英译汉：Treat mistakes as opportunities rather than failures — this is the key to building resilience.
_________________________________________________________________
（4）汉译英：学校应该为学生提供更多参与社区服务的机会，帮助他们培养责任感。
_________________________________________________________________
（5）Volunteering has been linked to improved grades and increased self-confidence.
翻译：_______________________________________________
三、综合运用：
A. 翻译热身——必备短语英汉互译
英译汉：
1. lend a helping hand ________
2. take on responsibility ________
3. keep one’s dreams alive ________
4. set a positive example for ________
5. develop a sense of resilience ________
6. make a difference to ________
7. be confronted with setbacks ________
8. internalise the value of hard work ________
9. stand up for someone ________
10. normalise mistakes ________
汉译英：
1. 伸出援手 ________
2. 承担责任 ________
3. 让梦想保持活力 ________
4. 为……树立积极榜样 ________
5. 培养韧性 ________
6. 对……产生影响 ________
7. 面对挫折 ________
8. 内化勤奋的价值 ________
9. 为某人挺身而出 ________
10. 把错误正常化 ________
B. 核心句型——过渡与升华
请根据中文提示，完成英文句子
1. 引出品行的重要性：
It is universally acknowledged that ________（道德品质）serves as the cornerstone of a harmonious society.
2. 递进做法：
Not only should we ________（承担责任）, but we are also supposed to ________（向有困难的人伸出援手）.
3. 解释原因/结果：
By doing so, we can not only ________（让我们的梦想保持活力）but also ________（为年轻一代树立积极榜样）.
4. 转折让步：
________（做正确的事并不总是那么容易）, but the rewards are well worth the effort.
5. 总结升华：
Just as the old saying goes, “Roses given, fragrance in hand.” Acts of kindness, no matter how small, can ________（对我们周围产生深远的影响）.
C. 话题写作训练
（2023年全国高考英语甲卷）你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 人物简介及事迹；
2. 意义或启示。
注意：1.词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【写作草稿区】
第一步：搭建框架（列出你准备使用的要点）
引入：________________________________________________________________
经历：________________________________________________________________
感悟：________________________________________________________________
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校正在举办“优秀品行·青春担当”主题演讲活动，请你以“Responsibility: A Virtue That Lights Our Path”为题，写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 你对“责任”这一品行内涵的理解；
2. 责任对个人成长和社会的意义；
3. 我们如何在日常生活中培养责任感。
注意： 词数100左右；可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
【写作草稿区】
第一步：搭建框架（列出你准备使用的要点）
引入：________________________________________________________________
经历：________________________________________________________________
感悟：________________________________________________________________
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