2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第三套)Part III Reading Comprehension 的 Section B 和 Section C
- 2026-10-14 10:35:29
2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第三套)Part III Reading Comprehension 的 Section B 和 Section CA) Certain institutions, such as schools are likely to close when bad weather, such as snow, flooding, or extreme heat or cold, causes travel difficulties, power outages or otherwise endangers public safety. When snowy weather arrives in the US, it means the chance of school children benefiting from the long-standing tradition of the “snow day”, when schools are forced to close and students get an unexpected day off. B) The criterion for a snow day is primarily the inability of school buses to operate safely on their routes and danger to children who walk to school. Often, the school remains officially open even though buses do not run and classes are canceled. Severe weather that causes cancellation or delay is more likely in regions that are less able to handle the situation. Snow days are less common in more northern areas of the United States that are used to heavy winter snowfall because municipalities are well equipped to clear roads and remove snow. In areas less accustomed to snow, even small snowfalls of an inch or two may render roads unsafe. C) Snow days are a familiar theme in American film and TV shows, with children getting the good news and then running outside for some seasonal snowman-building and snowball throwing, against a background of joyful pop music. But the tradition is now over for pupils in several US states such as South Carolina, Nevada, Georgia and Indiana. This academic year, many school boards have introduced policies which require students to work from home if the school is shut by snow or extreme weather. They are known as “e-learning days”, which certainly sounds less fun than a snow day. D) Teachers are also losing their snow days and instead will be expected to be on hand to take a virtual register and answer students’ questions online. A pilot programme in a school district in Anderson County, South Carolina, has supplied students with electronic tablets loaded with assignments to complete in the event of a school closure. If it is successful, it could be rolled out across the state. E) But some parents object to the new policy if the vigorous debate on the Facebook page of Anderson County school district is anything to go by. “When it snows, let the kids enjoy it.” said one commenter. Another said the decision would “ruin school even more”, and someone else called snow days “a fun part of childhood”. But supporters of the policy say it means children will miss fewer days of school. It will also bring to an end a less popular US high school tradition: the “make-up day” which requires students in many states to make up the time lost due to weather by working during school holidays. F) Students in North Carolina already have several make-up days scheduled because of school closures during Hurricane Florence, which struck in September. Tom Wilson, the superintendent of Anderson County school district said the change away from snow days makes practical and financial sense. He said technology has changed every profession, so it makes sense to use it to “eliminate” make-up days. Adam Baker of the Department of Education in Indiana said e-learning days were proving a “great success”. He said most Indiana schools already use digital devices during lessons, so it was an “easy decision” to extend this to days when schools are closed. He denies the decision is depriving children of the chance to enjoy the snow. “Students are still able to enjoy snow days and outside time,” he said. “Many have PE and science assignments that have them out enjoying the weather.” But local school superintendents in Ohio are resisting proposals to adopt e-learning days. They fear that students without internet access at home will be disadvantaged by the policy, and superintendent Tom Roth is concerned that e-learning days will offer a lower quality of education. G) There are also so-called “blizzard bags”, with assignments that children take home ahead of an expected snow closure. But Mr. Roth says it is not sufficient as a replacement. “I think we still need the class time to give our kids the education that they deserve.” he said. “You can’t get that with a blizzard bag or doing the work from home like that. It’s not going to be as effective.” H) There is a long-running debate on whether missing days of school affects attainment. In England, there has been a focus on tackling absenteeism from school. The Department for Education published research in 2016 arguing that missing any days at school could have a negative impact on results. Even a few days lost in a year could be enough to miss out on getting a good exam grade, the DFE’s research concluded. This differed from the findings of a study from Harvard University in the US, which concluded that missing a few occasional days because of the weather did not damage learning. I) The Harvard study examined seven years of school results data and could not find any impact from snow closures. What caused more disruption was when schools tried to stay open in bad weather even though many staff and pupils were absent. But weather can make a difference to school results, according to another piece of Harvard research published last summer. It’s hot weather that has the negative impact. The results of 10 million school students were examined over 13 years and researchers found a “significant” link between years with extremely hot weather and lower results. J) It’s obvious that students should go to school every day to get the most out of education. In cases of extreme weather, students don’t always have that option. However, research shows that authorised absences from school such as during extreme weather are less problematic for students than absences that are not authorised. This is because unauthorised absences tend to reflect patterns and behaviours of student disengagement or the possible negative attitudes of parents towards education that students adopt and carry with them through schooling. The level of impact on students’ educational performance is all to do with the length of time that a student is absent from school and how regularly this occurs. A) 当遇到诸如大雪、洪水、极端高温或严寒等恶劣天气导致交通困难、停电或威胁公共安全时，某些机构，比如学校，很可能会关闭。当美国出现降雪天气时，这意味着学校的孩子们有机会享受“雪休日”这一由来已久的传统，即学校被迫停课，学生们得到一个意想不到的休息日。 B) 雪休日的标准主要是校车无法在其路线上安全行驶，以及会对步行上学的孩子造成危险。通常情况下，即使校车无法运行，课程也被取消，但学校仍然正常开放。极端天气导致停课或延迟上课的情况在应对能力较弱的地区更为频繁。在习惯了冬季大量降雪的美国北部地区，雪休日不太常见，因为市政当局设备精良，能够及时清理道路和清除积雪。而在不太习惯下雪的地区，即使是一两英寸的小雪也可能使道路变得不安全。 C) 雪休日是美国影视作品中常见的主题，孩子们得知放假的好消息后，伴着欢快的流行背景音乐跑到户外堆雪人、打雪仗。但对于南卡罗来纳州、内华达州、佐治亚州和印第安纳州等美国几个州的学生来说，这一传统现在已经结束了。本学年，许多学校董事会都出台了政策，要求学生在学校因下雪或极端天气停课时在家学习。这被称为“线上学习日”，听起来当然没有雪休日有趣。 D) 老师们也失去了雪休日，相反，他们将被期望随时待命，以便上线进行虚拟点名并在线回答学生们的问题。南卡罗来纳州安德森县一个学区的试点项目为学生提供了布置作业的电子平板电脑，以便他们在学校停课时完成作业。如果该试点项目成功，就可能会在全州范围内推广。 E) 但是一些家长反对这项新政策，如果安德森县学区的Facebook页面上的激烈争论能说明什么的话。“下雪的时候，让孩子们尽情享受吧，”一位评论者表示。另一位评论者说，这一决定将“进一步毁掉学校”，还有人说下雪天是“童年乐趣的一部分”。但该政策的支持者表示，这意味着孩子们缺课的天数将减少。这也将终结一个在美国高中不太受欢迎的传统：“补课日”，这一传统要求许多州的学生在学校放假期间通过补课来弥补因天气原因而损失的时间。 F) 由于9月份“佛罗伦萨”飓风袭击期间学校关闭，北卡罗来纳州的学生已经安排了几天补课。安德森县学区主管汤姆·威尔逊说，取消雪休日的做法既实际又省钱。他说，技术已经改变了每一个行业，所以利用技术“取消”补课日是合理的。印第安纳州教育部的亚当·贝克说，线上学习日被证明是一个“巨大的成功”。他说，印第安纳州的大多数学校已经在课堂上使用数字设备，所以将其推广到学校停课的日子是一个“容易的决定”。他否认这一决定剥夺了孩子享受雪天的机会。“学生仍然可以享受雪天和户外时光，”他说。“许多学生有体育和科学作业，这可以让他们出去享受天气。”但俄亥俄州当地的学校校长正在抵制采用线上学习日的提议。他们担心，在家不能上网的学生将因这项政策而处于不利地位，而校长汤姆·罗斯则担心，线上学习日会降低教育质量。 G) 还有所谓的“暴风雪书包”，孩子们可以在预计的大雪封路之前把作业带回家。但罗斯表示，这还不足以代替上课。他说：“我认为我们仍然需要课堂时间为孩子们提供他们应该享有的教育。”“用暴风雪书包或在家做作业是无法做到这一点的。这样做的效果不会那么好。” H) 关于旷课是否会影响学习成绩的争论由来已久。在英国，解决旷课问题一直是学校的关注重点。英国教育部在2016年发表的一项研究中指出，旷课可能会对学习成绩产生负面影响。研究还得出结论说，即使一年中只旷课几天，也足以导致学生无法在考试中取得好成绩。这与美国哈佛大学的一项研究结果不同，该研究得出的结论是，由于天气原因偶尔旷课几天并不会对学习成绩产生影响。 I) 哈佛大学的研究调查了7年的学校成绩数据，没有发现雪天停课会造成任何影响。造成更多干扰的是，尽管许多教职员工和学生都缺席了，学校仍然试图在恶劣天气下继续上课。但哈佛大学去年夏天发表的另一项研究显示，天气确实会对学习成绩产生影响。炎热的天气对成绩有负面影响。研究人员对1000万名学生13年来的成绩进行了调查，发现极端炎热天气的年份与成绩下降之间存在“显著”联系。 J) 显然，学生应该每天都去上学以获得最大的教育效益。在极端天气情况下，学生并不总是有这样的选择。然而，研究表明，与未经批准的旷课相比，在极端天气等情况下经批准的旷课对学生造成的问题要少得多。这是因为未经批准的旷课往往反映了学生脱离课堂的模式和行为，或者反映了学生在学校学习过程中家长可能采取的消极教育态度。学生学习成绩受影响的程度与其旷课的时间长短以及旷课的频率有关。 There is opposition to the practice of giving children assignments to take home before extreme weather forces a school closure. 答案：G 定位提示： opposition / assignments to take home / before extreme weather forces a school closure → G段 “There are also so-called ‘blizzard bags’... But Mr. Roth says it is not sufficient as a replacement.” New policies adopted by many US schools require students to do online learning at home in case of a school closure. 答案：C 定位提示： new policies / many US schools / online learning at home / school closure → C段 “many school boards have introduced policies which require students to work from home if the school is shut by snow or extreme weather.” According to some research, extreme hot weather negatively affects students’ performance. 答案：I 定位提示： extreme hot weather / negatively affects students’ performance → I段 “It’s hot weather that has the negative impact... a ‘significant’ link between years with extremely hot weather and lower results.” There is a time-honoured tradition in the US for school kids to stay at home on “snow days”. 答案：A 定位提示： time-honoured tradition / US / school kids / snow days → A段 “the long-standing tradition of the ‘snow day’, when schools are forced to close and students get an unexpected day off.” Debates on social media show some parents are opposed to ending the “snow day” tradition. 答案：E 定位提示： debates on social media / parents opposed / ending snow day tradition → E段 “some parents object to the new policy if the vigorous debate on the Facebook page... is anything to go by.” In more northern regions of the US, school is less likely to be affected by snowy weather. 答案：B 定位提示： more northern regions / less likely / affected by snowy weather → B段 “Snow days are less common in more northern areas of the United States that are used to heavy winter snowfall...” Research indicates absences from school with permission do not cause as many problems as those without permission. 答案：J 定位提示： research / absences with permission / not as many problems as those without permission → J段 “research shows that authorised absences from school... are less problematic for students than absences that are not authorised.” There is objection to e-learning days owing to fear that students with no access to the Internet at home will suffer. 答案：F 定位提示： objection to e-learning days / fear / students without internet access → F段 “local school superintendents in Ohio are resisting proposals to adopt e-learning days. They fear that students without internet access at home will be disadvantaged...” In a pilot programme, students are given electronic devices to do assignments when schools are closed. 答案：D 定位提示： pilot programme / electronic devices / assignments / schools closed → D段 “A pilot programme... has supplied students with electronic tablets loaded with assignments to complete in the event of a school closure.” A long-standing debate is going on over the impact of school absences on students’ academic performance. 答案：H 定位提示： long-standing debate / impact of school absences / academic performance → H段 “There is a long-running debate on whether missing days of school affects attainment.” Section B 是四级阅读中典型的段落信息匹配题，通常文章后有10个陈述句，要求判断信息来自哪一段。它不按顺序出题，难度在于“同义替换”和“定位”。 先读题干，划关键词 不要先通读全文。先看36—45题，每句划出： 人名、机构名、时间、数字 动词短语 形容词最高级 因果关系、转折关系 特殊名词，如 snow day、e-learning day、blizzard bags、Harvard study 等 例如： 36题关键词：opposition / assignments / extreme weather / school closure 37题关键词：new policies / online learning at home 38题关键词：extreme hot weather / negatively affects performance 40题关键词：debates / social media / parents opposed 带着关键词扫读段落 不要逐词翻译。重点看每段： 首句 末句 转折词 however / but / yet 引号内容 数字、专有名词 比较级、最高级 识别同义替换 这是匹配题核心。例如： opposition to giving children assignments to take home = blizzard bags... not sufficient as a replacement require students to do online learning at home = require students to work from home extreme hot weather negatively affects performance = hot weather... negative impact... lower results time-honoured tradition = long-standing tradition debates on social media show some parents are opposed = vigorous debate on the Facebook page... some parents object less likely to be affected by snowy weather = Snow days are less common absences with permission do not cause as many problems = authorised absences... less problematic objection to e-learning days = resisting proposals to adopt e-learning days students are given electronic devices = supplied students with electronic tablets long-standing debate over impact of school absences = long-running debate on whether missing days of school affects attainment 注意“一段可多用” 题干说明“You may choose a paragraph more than once”，所以不要因为某段用过就排除。但本套题中多数段落只对应一题。 先易后难 先做带明显专有名词、数字、引号的题，如： 37题 e-learning days / policies → C段 40题 Facebook debate → E段 44题 pilot programme / tablets → D段 45题 long-running debate → H段 再做抽象概括题，如： 39题 time-honoured tradition → A段 41题 northern regions → B段 控制时间 建议 Section B 用时 10—12分钟。不要在某一段纠结太久。若两个选项都像，优先选有明确同义替换的。 常见干扰 题干中的词在多个段落出现，但逻辑不符。 段落提到同一主题，但并非题干所问的具体信息。 张冠李戴：如把“教师培训”说成“学生辅导”。 范围扩大或缩小：如“some parents”变成“all parents”。 Section C 包括两篇 Passage。 It may sound surprising, but you don’t have to be interested in fashion, or even in history, to enjoy Dress Codes: How the Laws of Fashion Made History. I happen to be interested in both, and ended up enjoying the book for completely different reasons. Richard Thompson Ford is a law professor, and you probably won’t forget that for even one page. His carefully reasoned arguments, packed with examples, sound almost like reading a court opinion, only maybe wordier. You will probably never think of fashion as a trifle again. Ford’s thesis is that the best way to understand what particular fashions meant in any given era is to look at the restrictions placed on them. Through this lens, he shows us that the first laws passed in the 1200s to ensure that only the nobility were allowed to wear certain fabrics, colors and ornaments reflected the rise of the middle class, who were now able to imitate some of these fashions. The status of the upper classes was threatened: fashion was a tool to preserve it. Ford takes the reader through the evolution of fashion while examining the underlying motivations of status: sex, power, and personality, which, he assumes, influenced all innovations in fashion in the past and which continue to influence us today. His writing is more than a little dense — dense with research, clauses, and precise adjectives and nouns. But there’s also humor and enough interesting episodes to make the writing appealing. No one is spared his sharp analysis: not the easy targets of 19th century women’s crippling fashions nor the modern uniforms of Silicon Valley T-shirts. But the greatest strength of this book (on fashion!) is its intellectual profoundness. Ford asks us to question unconscious beliefs, to realize that we almost never do so, to understand that the simplest choices are charged with meaning, and yet that meaning can and does change all the time. Consider the fact that a 1918 catalog insisted that boys and girls be dressed in the appropriate color. We believe our thinking today is evolved. Ford shows us it’s not. 这听起来可能令人惊讶，但你并不需要对时尚甚至历史感兴趣，就可以享受阅读《着装规范：时尚法则如何创造历史》这本书。我恰巧对时尚和历史都感兴趣，但最终出于完全不同的原因喜欢上了这本书。 理查德·汤普森·福特是一位法学教授，而你可能永远不会忘记这一点，即使一页的时间也不会。他的论点经过缜密且充分的论证，而且书中充满了例子，听起来几乎就像是在阅读法庭意见书一样，可能只是更冗长一些。你可能再也不会认为时尚是件小事了。 福特的论点是，要理解任何一个时代的特定时尚意味着什么，最好的方法是看一看当时对时尚施加的限制。通过这个视角，他向我们展示了13世纪首批通过的确保只有贵族才能穿着某些面料、颜色和佩戴某些装饰品的法律，这反映了中产阶级的崛起，他们现在能够模仿其中一些时尚风格。上层阶级的地位受到了威胁；时尚是维护其地位的工具。 福特带领读者回顾了时尚的发展历程，同时仔细研究了地位、性别、权力和个性的潜在动机，他认为所有这些动机影响了过去时尚界的所有创新，并在现如今继续影响着我们。他的作品比较晦涩难懂——充满了研究细节、从句和精确的形容词和名词。但这部作品中也不乏幽默和足够有趣的章节，使文字充满吸引力。没有什么能够逃过他犀利的分析：无论是19世纪让女性苦不堪言的摧残身体的时尚，还是成为现代硅谷标志性的T恤制服。 但这本书（关于时尚！）最大的优势在于其思想的深刻程度。福特让我们质疑潜意识的观念，让我们意识到我们几乎从不这样做，让我们理解最简单的选择都充满了意义，然而这个意义能够并且确实一直在变化。想一想，1918年的一份目录坚持认为男孩和女孩应该穿恰当的颜色。我们认为我们今天的思想已经进步了；福特向我们展示了事实并非如此。 文章主题：《着装规范：时尚法则如何创造历史》书评 What does the author think of the book Dress Codes: How the Laws of Fashion Made History? A) It is read by people for entirely different reasons. B) It is meant for those interested in fashion history. C) It makes enjoyable as well as informative reading. D) It converts fashion into something for deliberation. 答案：C 定位： 第1段第1句 + 第2段第2句。“you don’t have to be interested in fashion, or even in history, to enjoy Dress Codes... His carefully reasoned arguments, packed with examples... You will probably never think of fashion as a trifle again.” How can people best understand a particular fashion in an era, according to Ford? A) By examining the restraints imposed on it. B) By looking at what the nobility were wearing. C) By glancing at its fabrics, colors, and ornaments. D) By doing a survey of the upper and middle classes. 答案：A 定位： 第3段第1句。“the best way to understand what particular fashions meant in any given era is to look at the restrictions placed on them.” What was the aim of the first laws passed regarding fashion in the 1200s? A) To facilitate the rise of the middle class. B) To loosen restrictions on dress codes. C) To help initiate some novel fashions. D) To preserve the status of the nobles. 答案：D 定位： 第3段第2—3句。“only the nobility were allowed to wear certain fabrics, colors and ornaments... The status of the upper classes was threatened: fashion was a tool to preserve it.” What does the author think of Ford’s writing? A) It uses comparison and contrast in describing fashions of different eras. B) It makes heavy reading but is not lacking in humor or appeal. C) It is filled with interesting episodes to spare readers intolerable boredom. D) It is characteristic of academics in presenting arguments. 答案：B 定位： 第4段第2—3句。“His writing is more than a little dense... But there’s also humor and enough interesting episodes to make the writing appealing.” What does the author say is the greatest strength of Ford’s book? A) Plentiful information. B) Meaningful choices. C) Evolved thinking. D) Intellectual depth. 答案：D 定位： 最后一段第1句。“the greatest strength of this book (on fashion!) is its intellectual profoundness.” 题型特点 Passage One 是标准四级仔细阅读选择题，通常5题，顺序与文章顺序基本一致。题目多考查： 细节理解 同义替换 作者态度 因果关系 转折对比 解题步骤 先读题干，不读选项。 划关键词：人名、专有名词、比较对象、因果词。 回原文定位。 读定位句前后各一句。 对比选项，选“同义替换”项，不选“原词堆砌但逻辑错误”项。 本篇文章重点 46题：作者对《着装规范》的看法 → 阅读愉快且增长见识。 47题：福特认为理解特定时尚的最佳方式 → 研究对其施加的限制。 48题：13世纪首批时尚法律的目的 → 维护贵族地位。 49题：作者对福特作品的看法 → 晦涩但幽默且有吸引力。 50题：福特这本书最大优势 → 思想深度。 注意转折 文章多次出现： But However Yet 这些地方最容易出题。尤其注意： 不需要对时尚或历史感兴趣也能享受这本书。 福特作品晦涩，但不乏幽默和吸引力。 这本书最大优势是思想深刻。 选项排除技巧 绝对化选项常错：all, never, completely, only。 无中生有常错：文章没提的内容。 张冠李戴常错：把“作者的观点”说成“福特的观点”。 答非所问常错：观点正确，但不是题干所问。 The art of persuasion means convincing others to agree with your point of view or to follow your course of action. For some of us, persuasion is an instinctive quality and the power of influencing comes naturally. For the rest of us, persuasion skills can be learned and developed over time. Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills because they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as committed to or convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will not only help get your coworkers excited about your ideas, it’ll also help you motivate them to achieve a common goal. In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements. Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion, but logic and reasoning are just as important. Before you can get somebody on-board with your goal, you should help them understand why they should pursue it. Using visual aids to back up your ideas can help communicate your ideas better and make compelling arguments so your listeners will come to a logical choice and become fully committed to your ideas and plans. Successful persuasion skills are based on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people. In order to sustain those relationships, you must be able to work in their best interests as well. Your coworkers are more likely to agree with you when they succeed alongside you. The more they achieve and the greater progress they make, the more they trust your judgement and strength. We persuade and get persuaded every day — we’re either convincing or being convinced. A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork over traditional organizational structures, no one likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around. Therefore, organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes. 说服的艺术意味着劝服别人同意你的观点或遵循你的行动方案。对于我们中的一些人来说，说服是一种本能的特质，影响他人的力量自然而然地产生。对于其他人来说，说服技巧是可以随着时间的推移而学习和发展的。 雇主们非常重视具有说服技巧的员工，因为他们可以影响工作表现的几个方面。此外，团队合作和领导力在很大程度上依赖于说服力来完成各项事务。如果没有说服技巧，员工可能不会全心投入组织的愿景和长期使命，也不会对其重要性深信不疑。有效运用说服技巧不仅能让同事对你的想法感到兴奋，还可以帮助你激励他们实现共同的目标。 为了在工作场所学会说服的艺术，你需要了解如何处理冲突并达成一致。良好的沟通是有效说服的第一步，但逻辑和推理同样重要。在让别人支持你的目标之前，你应该帮助他们理解为什么他们要追求这个目标。使用视觉辅助工具来支持你的想法可以帮你更好地传达你的想法、提出令人信服的论点，这样你的听众将会做出合乎逻辑的选择，并将全身心地投入实现你的想法和计划。 成功的说服技巧基于你与他人进行积极互动以及保持有意义的关系的能力。为了维持这些关系，你也必须为他们的最佳利益着想。当你的同事和你一起取得成功时，他们更有可能同意你的观点。他们取得的成就越多，获得的进步越大，就越信任你的判断和你的实力。 我们每天都在说服别人，也在被人说服——我们要么有说服力，要么被别人说服。与传统的组织结构相比，绝大多数人更喜欢协作和团队合作；没有人喜欢被人告之应该做什么或被人摆布。因此，组织和领导者应该采用强有力的说服技巧，以促成必要的变革。 文章主题：说服的艺术及其在职场中的重要性 What does the author say about the ability to be persuasive in the first paragraph? A) People may either be born with it or be able to cultivate it. B) It proves crucial in making others follow one’s course of action. C) It refers to the natural and instinctive power of influencing one’s coworkers. D) People may view it as both a means to convince others and an art of communication. 答案：A 定位： 第1段第2—3句。“For some of us, persuasion is an instinctive quality... For the rest of us, persuasion skills can be learned and developed over time.” Why are persuasion skills greatly valued in the workplace? A) They enable employees to be convinced of their long-term gains. B) They enable employees to trust their leaders unconditionally. C) They help motivate coworkers to strive for a common goal. D) They help an organization to broaden its vision effectively. 答案：C 定位： 第2段最后一句。“it’ll also help you motivate them to achieve a common goal.” What should people do to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace? A) Acquire effective communication skills. B) Avoid getting involved in conflicts with others. C) Understand the reason for pursuing their goals. D) Commit themselves fully to their ideas and plans. 答案：A 定位： 第3段第2句。“Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion...” When are you more likely to succeed in persuading your coworkers? A) When they are convinced you work in their interests while sacrificing your own. B) When they become aware of the potential strength of the judgements you make. C) When they become aware of the meaningful relationships you keep with them. D) When they are convinced they will make achievements together with you. 答案：D 定位： 第4段第3句。“Your coworkers are more likely to agree with you when they succeed alongside you.” Why are organizations and leaders advised to adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes? A) To convince employees of the value of collaboration. B) To allow for the preferences of most people of today. C) To improve on traditional organizational structures. D) To adapt to employees’ ever-changing working styles. 答案：B 定位： 最后一段第2—3句。“A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork over traditional organizational structures, no one likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around. Therefore, organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills...” 文章主题 本文讨论： 说服的艺术：有人天生具备，有人可以后天学习。 职场重视说服技巧的原因：影响工作表现、团队合作、领导力、激励同事。 如何在职场学习说服艺术：处理冲突、良好沟通、逻辑推理、视觉辅助。 成功说服的基础：积极互动、有意义的关系、为他人利益着想。 组织和领导者应采用强有力的说服技巧，因为大多数人更喜欢协作，不喜欢被摆布。 题目定位 51题：说服能力 → 可能天生，也可能后天培养。 52题：职场重视说服技巧 → 帮助激励同事实现共同目标。 53题：学习说服艺术 → 获得有效沟通技巧。 54题：更可能说服同事 → 同事确信将和你一起取得成功。 55题：建议组织和领导者采用说服技巧 → 考虑到当今大多数人的偏好。 关键同义替换 born with it or cultivate it = instinctive quality / learned and developed over time motivate coworkers to strive for a common goal = motivate them to achieve a common goal acquire effective communication skills = Good communication is the first step convinced they will make achievements together with you = when they succeed alongside you allow for the preferences of most people of today = A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork 注意逻辑关系 Besides：递进处常出题。 Therefore：结论处常出题。 When：条件处常出题。 Without：反面论证处常出题。 推断题技巧 55题问“Why are organizations and leaders advised to adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes?” 最后一段说： 绝大多数人更喜欢协作和团队合作。 没有人喜欢被告诉该做什么或被摆布。 因此，组织和领导者应采用强有力的说服技巧。 因此选B“To allow for the preferences of most people of today.” 不要选C“To improve on traditional organizational structures”，因为原文只是说人们更喜欢协作，并没有说要改进传统组织结构。 排除法 过于绝对的选项：only, never, completely, guarantee。 与原文矛盾的选项。 把“天生具备”说成“所有人都天生具备”。 把“为他人利益着想”说成“牺牲自己的利益”。 先题后文：先读10个题干，划关键词。 定位优先：专有名词、数字、引号、最高级最先找。 同义替换：不要只找原词，要看改写。 段落可重复：不要因为一段选过就完全排除。 先易后难：明显题先做，抽象题后做。 时间控制：10—12分钟。 不要通读全文：扫读定位即可。 顺序原则：题目顺序通常与文章顺序一致。 定位句前后：答案常在定位句前一句或后一句。 同义替换：正确选项多为原文改写。 转折重点：but, however, yet, on the other hand 后常出答案。 观点题：注意 researchers found, scientists argue, advocates argue。 推断题：不选原文直接复述，选合理推断。 排除法：绝对化、无中生有、张冠李戴、答非所问。 时间控制：两篇共约18—20分钟。 题号 答案 36 G 37 C 38 I 39 A 40 E 41 B 42 J 43 F 44 D 45 H 题号 答案 46 C 47 A 48 D 49 B 50 D 题号 答案 51 A 52 C 53 A 54 D 55 B
一、Section B 原文与汉语译文
No escape as “snow day” becomes “e-learning day”
汉语译文
“雪休日”变成“线上学习日”，别想逃课了
Section B 答题策略
Section B 答题策略
二、Section C 原文与汉语译文
Passage One
汉语译文
Passage One 答题策略
Passage One 答题策略
Passage Two
汉语译文
Passage Two 答题策略
Passage Two 答题策略
三、Section B 与 Section C 通用答题策略
Section B 段落信息匹配
Section C 仔细阅读
四、答案速查
Section B
Section C Passage One
Section C Passage Two
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