Week32考研复盘自测卷:15新词+长难句拆解+精读实战

今天是Week32复盘日。本周我们完成了五大通用话题50词（Day202）、长难句拆解四步法（Day203）、BBC空调与全球变暖（Day204）、VOA智能体温计精读（Day205）、建议信写作实战（Day206）和周六综合复习（Day207）。今天通过一套完整自测卷验收本周成果，并补充15个全新考研高频话题词。

1. 商业管理（5词）

2. 语言文学（5词）

3. 公共安全（5词）

从上面15个新词中选词填空，必要时改变词形。

1. The two countries signed a ______ agreement to reduce import taxes.
2. Before starting the project, both sides must sign a formal ______.
3. A good lawyer always keeps the information of his ______ secret.
4. She worked her way up and became a senior ______ of the company.
5. Hamlet is one of the ______ of English literature.
6. In this ______, the writer discusses the causes of youth unemployment.
7. The ______ team saved twenty people from the burning building.
8. In case of ______, break the glass and press the red button.
9. The government ordered the ______ of all residents near the river.
10. He was the only ______ of the air crash.

用Day203的四步法拆解下列句子：①找谓语动词（谓语个数=分句个数）→ ②断开分句 → ③识别从句类型 → ④翻译全句。

1. What matters most is whether we can turn knowledge into action.
2. The report that the committee published last week shows that air pollution has become more serious.
3. Although online learning brings convenience, many students find that it is hard to stay focused when they study alone at home.
4. The reason why so many young people choose to work in big cities is that there are more job opportunities.
5. It is widely believed that reading classic literature helps people understand different cultures.

When Extreme Weather Tests Our Cities

In recent years, extreme weather events have become more frequent across the world. Heatwaves, blizzards and heavy storms no longer surprise us; instead, they have become a regular test of how well our cities are prepared.

When a disaster strikes, the first hours are critical. Local governments must issue emergency warnings quickly, so that residents in high-risk areas can be informed in time. In many cities, evacuation plans are now made in advance, with shelters, food and medical supplies prepared ahead of time. During the floods in some Asian cities last year, rescue teams worked around the clock, and thousands of survivors were moved to safety within days.

However, experts point out that responding to disasters is not enough. Cities also need to reduce risks before disaster strikes. Better weather forecast systems can give people earlier warnings. Green spaces and wetlands can absorb heavy rain and lower the risk of flooding. In addition, buildings should be designed to withstand heatwaves and storms.

Public education is equally important. Every citizen should know what to do in an emergency — where to go, whom to call and what to take. Schools and communities can organize regular drills so that people react calmly instead of panicking when danger comes. Some cities have also introduced mobile apps that push warning messages directly to residents' phones, which has proved to be both fast and effective.

Climate change means that extreme weather will not disappear soon. How a city responds shows not only its management ability but also its care for people's lives. Preparing today is the best way to protect tomorrow.

阅读理解5题

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Extreme weather is the biggest threat to modern cities.

B. Cities should prepare for extreme weather in several ways.

C. Rescue teams are the key to surviving natural disasters.

D. Climate change cannot be stopped by human beings.

1. According to the passage, what should local governments do first when a disaster strikes?

A. Build more shelters.  B. Issue emergency warnings quickly.

C. Organize public drills.  D. Design stronger buildings.

1. The word "withstand" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. resist  B. prevent  C. predict  D. reduce

1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to reduce risks before disasters?

A. Better forecast systems.  B. Green spaces and wetlands.

C. Stronger building design.  D. Moving people to other cities.

1. Why does the author think public education is important?

A. It helps citizens react calmly in an emergency.

B. It teaches people how to build houses.

C. It reduces the cost of rescue work.

D. It improves the city's image.

1. 极端天气正变得越来越频繁，我们必须提前做好准备。
2. 政府应该制定应急计划，以便灾难发生时能迅速疏散居民。
3. 经典文学作品能帮助我们更好地理解不同文化。
4. 我写信是想就如何提高服务质量向您提几点建议。（建议信句型）
5. 只有通过不断练习，我们才能真正掌握长难句的分析方法。（倒装句）

假设你是社区居民李明，请给社区物业写一封120词左右的建议信，就"社区应对极端天气"提出你的建议。要求：书信格式完整，包含称呼、正文三段（表明目的→具体建议→表达期待）、结束语和署名。可参考Day206建议信三段式框架与万能句型。

本周成果

本周累计学习词汇110个（50新词+60话题词），覆盖语法点1个、写作题型1个。

Week33预告

周一词汇日将开启新一轮五大通用话题50词，周二语法日学习强调句与倒装句综合，周三至周五分别安排BBC视频、VOA精读与大作文实战，周末复习复盘。

选词填空答案

1. trade  2. contract  3. clients  4. executive  5. classics  6. essay  7. rescue  8. emergency  9. evacuation  10. survivor

解析：第3题律师的客户不止一个，用复数clients；第5题one of后接可数名词复数classics；第7题rescue team为固定搭配"救援队"。

长难句拆解答案

1. 谓语2个：matters / is。What matters most是主语从句，whether we can turn knowledge into action是表语从句。译文：最重要的是我们能否把知识转化为行动。
2. 谓语3个：published / shows / has become。that the committee published last week是定语从句修饰report，that air pollution has become more serious是宾语从句。译文：委员会上周发布的报告显示，空气污染已经变得更加严重。
3. 谓语4个：brings / find / is / study。Although引导让步状语从句，that it is hard to stay focused是宾语从句，when they study alone at home是时间状语从句。译文：尽管在线学习带来便利，但许多学生发现，当他们独自在家学习时，很难保持专注。
4. 谓语3个：choose / is / are。why so many young people choose to work in big cities是定语从句修饰reason，that there are more job opportunities是表语从句。译文：如此多的年轻人选择到大城市工作的原因是那里有更多的工作机会。
5. 谓语2个：is believed / helps。It是形式主语，that reading classic literature helps people understand different cultures是真正的主语从句。译文：人们普遍认为，阅读经典文学作品有助于人们理解不同的文化。

阅读理解答案

1. B。全文从应急响应、事前预防、公众教育三方面论述城市如何应对极端天气，B项"城市应从多方面为极端天气做准备"概括主旨。A项绝对化，C项以偏概全，D项与末段不符。
2. B。第二段第二句明确指出，灾难发生时地方政府必须quickly issue emergency warnings。
3. A。withstand意为"经受住、抵御"，与resist同义。
4. D。第三段提到了更好的预报系统、绿地湿地、更坚固的建筑设计，只有D项"把居民迁往其他城市"未提及。
5. A。第四段指出公众教育能让人们在危险来临时react calmly instead of panicking。

翻译参考答案

1. Extreme weather is becoming more and more frequent, so we must make preparations in advance.
2. The government should make emergency plans so that residents can be evacuated quickly when a disaster strikes.
3. Classic literature can help us better understand different cultures.
4. I am writing to offer you some suggestions on how to improve the quality of service.
5. Only by constant practice can we truly master the method of analyzing long and difficult sentences.

写作参考要点

开头段：I am Li Ming, a resident of our community. I am writing to offer some suggestions on how to prepare for extreme weather. 主体段：First, it would be better to check the drainage system regularly. Second, I suggest setting up an emergency shelter with enough supplies. Finally, organizing safety drills would help residents react calmly. 结尾段：I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestions into consideration. I am looking forward to your reply.

本期自测卷到此结束。建议先独立完成全部题目，再对照答案查漏补缺。Week33我们继续加油！