2021-1-ReadingPartA-T3-2-1
文章主题：《维多利亚人拍照不笑是个谣言》
Of course, I need to concede that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance.
词汇：
1.concede v.承认（某事属实、正确等）
2.make up v.构成
3.catalogue n.目录
4.portraiture n.肖像画
5.sitter n.摆姿势供摄影师拍照的人
6.stiff adj.僵硬的
7.backdrop n.（图片或照片中主体后面的）背景
8.absent adj.心不在焉的、出神的
9.stare v.盯着看、凝视、注视
【Step 1】找谓语
Of course, I need to concede that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance.
·动词 need 时态：一般现在时
·动词短语 makes up 时态：一般现在时
·动词 show 时态：一般现在时
【Step 2】断句
Of course, I need to concede [that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, <the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance>].
解析：本句包含一个由that引导的宾语从句，其中包含一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句。
that引导的宾语从句：
concede [that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, <...>].判断方法：1.位置：在动词|介词后<在动词concede后>。
which引导的非限制性定语从句：
..., <the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance>].
判断方法：1.位置：which引导的从句在逗号后，是典型的非限制性定语从句的形式；2.指代功能：which指代名词portraiture。
重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
主句：
Of course, I need to concede...
that引导的宾语从句：
concede [that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, <...>].1.of ‘Smiling Victorians’是介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词collection。2.created between 1840 and 1900是非谓语短语作后置定语修饰名词portraiture【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后】<created与portraiture之间为被动关系>。which引导的非限制性定语从句：
..., <the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance>].
其中，
1.posing miserably and stiffly...orstaring absently into the middle distance是由并列连接词or连接的两个非谓语短语，因此成分相同——其作后置定语修饰名词sitters，且与sitters之间是主动的关系；
2.in front of painted backdrops是介宾结构作状语表示非谓语东西pose的位置<即在彩色背景布前面摆...姿势>。
【Step 3】翻译
Of course, I need to concede [that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, <the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance>].
1.【后置定语翻译方法： 词数>8个词通常采取后置译法；≤8个词通常采取前置译法】主句：
英文：Of course, I need to concede...
中文：当然了，我需要承认...
that引导的宾语从句：
英文：concede [that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, <...>].中文：...承认，我的“微笑的维多利亚人”的收集仅占据180至1900年间创造的照片肖像画的大量目录的极小的比例。注意⚠️：本句后置定语较多，按照英文句式译出后很难听，所以要根据句意进行调整。改译：我收集的“微笑的维多利亚人”只占了1840至1900年间大量肖像照中的极小部分。1.本句将collection译为中文的动词，更符合汉语的表达习惯【英文：静态语言，擅用名词；中文：动态语言，擅用动词——在英译汉时：可将英文中有动词含义的名词，译为汉语的动词】；2.the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture——大量肖像照（a catalogue of 一系列...；vast adj.大量的；photographic portraiture 肖像照）which引导的非限制性定语从句：
英文：..., <the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops, or staring absently into the middle distance>].
中文：...，绝大多数照片展示出的被拍摄对象是这样的：他们要么在彩绘背景布前摆出一副痛苦和僵硬的表情，要么心不在焉地凝视着不远处。
当然了，我需要承认，我收集的“微笑的维多利亚人”只占了1840至1900年间大量肖像照中的极小部分，绝大多数照片展示出的被拍摄对象是这样的：他们要么在彩绘背景布前摆出一副痛苦和僵硬的表情，要么心不在焉地凝视着不远处。终译：当然了，我需要承认，我收集的“微笑的维多利亚人”只占了1840至1900年间大量肖像照中的极小部分。大部分的照片中，被拍摄对象或以痛苦而僵硬的姿势坐在彩绘背景前，或心不在焉地凝视着不远处。
10个月宝宝每天需要喝多少奶粉？
