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冲刺高考高考英语第一轮复习词汇篇--冠词

  • 2026-09-24 17:34:00
冲刺高考高考英语第一轮复习词汇篇--冠词

复习提纲:

一、冠词:分为不定冠词>a/an,定冠词>the。

二、用法:

①不定冠词a用于辅音音素前,a university student ,a useful tool.;an用于元音音素前,[Oh,Mr.Len is a fox.这句话中所有字母的读音都是元音音素。]如 an umbrella ,an engineer ,an hour.

有一的概念,相当于one;第一次提到某人、某物;代表一类人或物;泛指一类人或物中的某一个;用于习惯用语中。

②the的用法:特指某一件事、人或物;上文中提及的事、人或物;指谈话双方都知道的事、人或物;the+形容词,表示某类人或物;用在姓氏的复数名词前,表一家人,全家;用在世界上独一无二的事物前;用在乐器名词前;用在序数词前,⚠️a用在序数词前,表示“又一次”“再一次”;用在比较级的两种句型中;(the…,the…,表示两者比较时,)用在形容词最高级前;用在“动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位名称”结构中。(介词常用in/on/by);用在表示“计量单位”的可数名词前,(介词用by);用在习惯用语中。

三、不用冠词的情况:

在国家名(非缩写)、人名等专有名词前;在表示季节、月份、星期、节日等的名词前;表示学科、语言、三餐、球类和娱乐运动的名词前;称呼、官街、职位的名词前;复数名词表泛指,表示一类人或物;名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格时;表示交通方式的“by+名词”结构中的名词前;两个名指同一个人或物时,后面的名词前不用冠词,(the teacher and writer );作“人类”讲的man与作“消息”讲的 word 前;系动词后作表语的名词前。

四、冠词的位置:

在as/so…as…、too…to…、so…that…结构不定冠词置于as/too/so修饰的形容词之后,名词前;而在such…as/that…结构中的不定冠词一般置于such之后,形容词之前;what引导的感叹句中,不定冠词置于what后;how引导的感叹句中,不定冠词置于 how修饰的形容词后;名词前有 all、 both、 double、 twice 等词时,定冠词置于这类词之后,all the students ,both the twins ;

五、有无冠词意义不同的短语:

at school /at the school ;leave school /leave the school ;in front of …/in the front of …;in hospital /in the hospital 等等。

下面一起来看一看下面例题:

巩固训练题:

冠词填空练习(纯题干 + 句子翻译 + 详细解析)

题干

1. If you go by ____ train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get ____ fast one.

句子翻译:如果你坐火车出行,旅途会相当舒适,但一定要搭乘一趟快车。

答案:/;a

详细解析:by + 交通工具名词,不加冠词,by train 坐火车;第二空one指代train,a fast one 表示一趟快车,表泛指。

2. I don’t like talking on ____ telephone; I prefer writing ____ letters.

句子翻译:我不喜欢打电话交谈,我更喜欢写信。

答案:the;/

详细解析:on the telephone 固定搭配,打电话;letters是复数名词表泛指,不加冠词。

3. The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have ____ third one because ____ second one is rather too small.

句子翻译:蛋糕很好吃。他想再吃一块,因为第二块太小了。

答案:a;the

详细解析:a + 序数词,表示“再一、又一”;the + 序数词,表示顺序,意为“第二个”。

4. When he left ____ college, he got a job as ____ reporter in a newspaper office.

句子翻译:大学毕业后,他在一家报社找了一份记者的工作。

答案:/;a

详细解析:leave college 固定表达,大学毕业,不加冠词;a reporter 一份记者的工作,表泛指。

5. The parents were shocked by ____ news that their son needed ____ operation on his knee.

句子翻译:父母被这个消息震惊了:他们的儿子膝盖需要做手术。

答案:the;an

详细解析:news后面有that同位语从句限定,是特指,用the;operation元音音素开头,an operation 一台手术。

6. ____ more learned a man is, ____ more modest he usually becomes.

句子翻译:一个人学识越渊博,通常就越谦逊。

答案:The;the

详细解析:The +比较级,the +比较级,固定句型:越……,越……,句首单词首字母大写。

7. Dr. Peter Spence, ____ headmaster of the school, told us, “____ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

句子翻译:这所学校的校长彼得·斯彭斯博士告诉我们:“这里五分之一的学生会继续去牛津和剑桥求学。”

答案:/;A

详细解析:headmaster 是独一无二的职位头衔,作同位语,不加冠词;a fifth 五分之一,句首大写。

8. The Americans landed on ____ moon in 1969.

句子翻译:美国人于1969年登上月球。

答案:the

详细解析:世界上独一无二的天体前要加定冠词the,the moon 月球。

9. We finally arrived in ____ Beijing. As soon as ____ train stopped, everybody came to life.

句子翻译:我们终于抵达北京。火车一停下,所有人都活跃起来。

答案:/;the

详细解析:城市名Beijing是专有名词,不加冠词;这里的train特指我们乘坐的那列火车,用the表特指。

10. Many lifestyle patterns do such ____ great harm to health that they actually speed up ____ weakening of the human body.

句子翻译:很多生活方式对健康伤害很大,实际上它们会加速人体的衰弱。

答案:/;the

详细解析:do harm to 固定短语,harm是不可数名词,不加冠词;weakening后面有of the human body限定,特指人体的衰弱,用the。

巩固训练(二)

冠词填空练习(纯题干 + 句子翻译 + 详细解析)

1. 题干:In order to find ____ better job, he decided to study ____ second foreign language.

句子翻译:为了找到一份更好的工作,他决定再学一门外语。

答案:a;a

详细解析:第一空,a better job 一份更好的工作,表泛指;第二空,a +序数词表示“再一、又一”,a second foreign language 再一门外语。

2. 题干:Being able to afford ____ drink would be ____ comfort in those tough times.

句子翻译:在那些艰难的日子里,能买得起一杯饮料都会是一种慰藉。

答案:a;a

详细解析:a drink 一杯饮品;a comfort 一件令人安慰的事物。comfort此处抽象名词具体化,前面加a。

3. 题干:Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be ____ Beethoven.

句子翻译:布莱恩在作曲方面很有天赋,他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人。

答案:a

详细解析:人名前加a,表示“一个像……那样的人”,a Beethoven 一位贝多芬式的人物。

4. 题干:What ____ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive ____ prize!

句子翻译:真遗憾,你不能去那里领奖!

答案:a;the

详细解析:固定句型 What a pity!真遗憾;第二空the prize特指双方都知道的那个奖项,用定冠词the。

5. 题干:Animals are obviously ____ lower form of life than ____ man.

句子翻译:显然动物是比人类更低级的生命形态。

答案:a;/

详细解析:a lower form of life 一种更低级的生命形式,表泛指;man表示“人类”时,不加冠词。

6. 题干:It’s ____ good feeling for people to admire the view that gives them ____ pleasure.

句子翻译:欣赏美景带给人们愉悦,这是一种美好的感受。

答案:a;/

详细解析:a good feeling 一种美好的感受,抽象名词具体化;pleasure此处为不可数名词,意为快乐,不加冠词。

7. 题干:Do you think it all right to buy him that ____ computer as ____ birthday gift?

句子翻译:你觉得买那台电脑作为生日礼物送给他合适吗?

答案:/;a

详细解析:that已经限定computer,不再加冠词;a birthday gift 一份生日礼物,表泛指。

8. 题干:We went right around to the west coast by ____ sea instead of driving across ____ continent.

句子翻译:我们乘船直接去西海岸,而不是开车穿越大陆。

答案:/;the

详细解析:by sea 固定短语,乘船;continent此处特指这片大陆,用the。

9. 题干:Have you heard ____ news? The price of ____ petrol is going up again!

句子翻译:你听到这个消息了吗?汽油的价格又要上涨了!

答案:the;/

详细解析:the news 特指后面所说油价上涨这条消息;petrol汽油,不可数物质名词,不加冠词。

10. 题干:If we sit near ____ front of the bus, we’ll have ____ better view.

句子翻译:如果我们坐在公交车靠前的位置,视野会更好。

答案:the;a

详细解析:in/near the front of 在物体内部的前部;a better view 更好的视野,表泛指。

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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000454s ] mysql:host=172.18.0.4;port=3306;dbname=www_sjds;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000682s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000401s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000306s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000513s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000271s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000617s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 515984 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000372s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1790246900 WHERE `id` = 515984 [ RunTime:0.001451s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000352s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 515984 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000454s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 515984 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000389s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 515984 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.000878s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 515984 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.000743s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 515984 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.000852s ]
0.088252s