固定搭配:翻遍 13 年真题,中译英考的全是这些＂老朋友＂
- 2026-10-07 02:36:27
导语：先看一组真题
2016 年中译英 62 题：_______（就利润而言），this corporation ranks the first in 2012.
答案：In terms of profits。3 分，就考一个搭配。
我把 2013–2025 年真题的中译英全部翻了一遍，发现一个惊人的规律：每年 5 道中译英，至少 2–3 道的核心给分点都是固定搭配——come up with、deprive sb of、can't help doing……考来考去都是这些"老朋友"。
今天这一期，我们把 13 年真题里反复出现的搭配按家族归类，一次背透。
考情速览
考查形式 | 出现频率 | 常见设题点 |
|---|---|---|
中译英（每题 3 分） | ★★★★★ | 动词短语、介词短语、句型搭配 |
完形填空 | ★★★★ | 动词+介词、形容词+介词 |
写作 | ★★★★ | 搭配用得地道 = 提分关键 |
一句话总结：固定搭配是"背了就有分"的板块——中译英 15 分里，搭配至少占 6–9 分。
核心讲解：真题里的五大搭配家族
家族 1：动词 + 介词（真题出镜率之王）
搭配 | 真题出处 | 真题语境 |
|---|---|---|
contribute to 导致/促成 | 2014 | …factors that contributed to my downfall |
differ from 不同于 | 2019 | Technical English differs from everyday English |
originate in 起源于 | 2018 | Originating in the Han Dynasty, Shadow-play… |
refer to 查阅/指的是 | 2013 | …refer to the Internet for up-to-the-minute news |
wait for 等待 | 2015 | …waiting for the owner to come home |
家族 2：动词 + 宾语 + 介词（中译英最爱）
搭配 | 真题出处 | 真题语境 |
|---|---|---|
deprive sb of sth 剥夺 | 2016 | nobody can deprive children of their right to education |
mistake A for B 把A误当B | 2021 | Don't mistake his silence for… |
take…into account 考虑 | 2014 | …take into account the money needed for repairs |
⚠️ 这三组都是"双部件"搭配：介词漏一个，3 分直接归零。
家族 3：形容词 + 介词
搭配 | 真题出处 | 真题语境 |
|---|---|---|
be aware of 意识到 | 2015 | he was not aware of the importance… |
be familiar with 熟悉 | 2022 | He is very familiar with this story |
be susceptible to 易受…影响 | 2013 阅读 | nurses are just as susceptible to health problems |
⚠️ familiar with vs familiar to：人作主语用 with（某人熟悉某物）；物作主语用 to（某物为某人所熟悉）。
家族 4：介词短语（翻译题直接套）
搭配 | 真题出处 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
in terms of 就……而言 | 2016 | 就利润而言 |
in case 以防万一 | 2021 | 带伞以防下雨 |
after all 毕竟 | 2014 | 这毕竟不是你的问题 |
let alone 更不用说 | 2013 | 更不用说买了 |
rather than 而不是 | 2017 | 看上去是绿色而不是蓝色 |
as its name suggests 顾名思义 | 2018 | 名称所示 |
家族 5：句型搭配（背下来就是模板）
搭配 | 真题出处 | 真题语境 |
|---|---|---|
can't help doing 禁不住 | 2023 | he couldn't help laughing（禁不住大笑） |
try one's best 尽力而为 | 2023 | Let's try our best for the Hangzhou Asian Games |
It's never too…to… 永不嫌…… | 2023 | It's never too early to start planning |
have one's eye on 瞄准/看中 | 2022 | he has his eye on the 2024 election |
come up with 想出 | 2013 | Ted finally came up with a good answer |
易错警示：三个高频坑
坑 1：to 后面接 doing 还是 do？
- ❌ I look forward to hear from you.
- ✅ I look forward to hearing from you.
辨析：look forward to / be used to / devote oneself to / contribute to 里的 to 是介词，后面接 doing；而 want to / hope to 里的 to 是不定式符号，接 do。分不清时，代入 it 试试：I look forward to it 成立 → to 是介词 → 接 doing。
坑 2：双部件搭配漏一半
- ❌ Nobody can deprive children their rights.
- ✅ Nobody can deprive children of their rights.
辨析：deprive sb of sth、remind sb of sth、inform sb of sth、accuse sb of sth——这个 of 家族在中译英里漏 of 是最常见的失分点。口诀："剥夺提醒告知指控，of 字一个不能少"。
坑 3：中文思维直译
- ❌ 想出答案 → think out the answer（不得分）
- ✅ come up with the answer（2013 真题标准搭配）
辨析：中译英阅卷按"地道搭配"给分。见到"想出"就写 come up with，见到"考虑"就写 take…into account，见到"就……而言"就写 in terms of——建立"中文信号→英文搭配"的条件反射，比临场翻译靠谱十倍。
考点映射卡
中文信号 | 真题验证的搭配 | 出处 |
|---|---|---|
就……而言 | in terms of | 2016 |
剥夺 | deprive sb of sth | 2016 |
禁不住 | can't help doing | 2023 |
更不用说 | let alone | 2013 |
把A误认为B | mistake A for B | 2021 |
熟悉 | be familiar with | 2022 |
起源于 | originate in | 2018 |
想出 | come up with | 2013 |
考虑 | take…into account | 2014 |
尽力而为 | try one's best | 2023 |
