选择性必修一Unit5期中语言点复习(单词+语法)2026-2027学年高中英语

人教版选择性必修一 Unit 5 Working the Land

期中语言点复习（单词＋语法）

【使用说明】

本学案为Unit5期中复习整合版，涵盖词汇、短语、句型、语法四大模块，建议分2课时使用：第1课时处理词汇精讲+短语记忆+构词法练习，第2课时处理语法专项+长难句+综合练习。参考答案附后，可单独剪裁印发学生。

一、单元核心词汇速览

【名词】shortage 不足；短缺 | yield 产量；产出 | alternative 可供选择的事物 | root 根；根源 | devotion 奉献；忠诚 | conviction 坚定的信念 | nutrition 营养 | consumption 消耗；消费 | assumption 假定；假设 | poverty 贫穷；贫困 | convention 惯例；习俗 | growth 生长；增长 | strength 力量；长处 | warmth 温暖；热情 | vision 远见；设想 | donation 捐赠；捐款

【动词】devote 把……献给；专心于 | convince 使相信；说服 | yield 出产；产生；屈服 | digest 消化；领会 | tackle 处理；应对；解决 | fulfil 实现；满足；履行 | overcome 克服；战胜 | boost 提高；增加；促进 | attain 获得；达到 | pursue 追求；从事 | reduce 减少；降低 | consume 消耗；消费 | estimate 估计；估算 | alleviate 减轻；缓解 | eliminate 消除；消灭 | extend 延伸；扩展

【形容词】essential 完全必要的；极其重要的 | conventional 传统的；常规的 | advanced 先进的；高级的 | lifelong 终身的；毕生的 | invaluable 极宝贵的 | numerous 许多的；众多的 | sustainable 可持续的 | organic 有机的；绿色的 | nutritious 有营养的 | domestic 国内的；家庭的 | intense 强烈的；紧张的 | enormous 巨大的 | challenging 具有挑战性的 | convincing 令人信服的 | devoted 挚爱的；忠诚的

【副词】entirely 完全地；全部地 | deeply 深深地；强烈地 | sustainably 可持续地 | conventionally 传统地；按惯例

二、高频短语清单（20个）

三、核心词汇精讲

（★ 为高考核心考点，重点掌握；其余词汇理解用法即可）

★ 1. devote vt. 把……献给；把……专用于；专心于

【用法】devote oneself to sth/doing sth 全身心投入；devote sth to sth 把……用于……；be devoted to 致力于；忠诚于；devotion n. 奉献；忠诚

【例句】① Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. ② She devoted herself to her career and achieved great success. ③ He is proud that he has a devoted son who always takes good care of him.

【注意】devote oneself to / be devoted to 中 to 都是介词，后接名词/动名词，不接动词原形！

2. shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺

【用法】a shortage of ……的短缺；be short of 缺少……（形容词短语）；shorten vt. 缩短

【例句】Farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.

★ 3. convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服

【用法】convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事；convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事；sb be convinced that... 某人相信……；convincing adj. 令人信服的（修饰事物）；convinced adj. 坚信的（修饰人）

【例句】① Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. ② You will need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. ③ She sounded very convincing to me, so I agreed to help.

【注意】convincing（令人信服的，修饰事物）vs convinced（坚信的，修饰人）。

★ 4. yield n. 产量；产出 vt. 出产；产生 vi. 屈服；让步

【用法】boost/increase yields 提高产量；attain a higher yield 获得更高产量；yield to sth/sb 向某人/物屈服/让步

【例句】① Yuan Longping realised that farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. ② One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. ③ He reluctantly yielded to their demands after a long discussion.

【一词多义】yield 名词"产量"，动词"出产"和"屈服"。yield to temptation 经不住诱惑。

5. digest vt. & vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘

【用法】digest food 消化食物；digest information/knowledge 领会信息/知识；digestion n. 消化

【例句】He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.

★ 6. essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的 n. 必需品

【用法】It is essential that sb (should) do sth 某人做某事很有必要（虚拟语气）；It is essential for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很有必要；essentially adv. 本质上

【例句】① It is essential that we (should) protect the environment for future generations. ② Water is essential for all living things.

【注意】It is essential that... 从句用虚拟语气 (should + 动词原形，should 可省略)。同类词：important, necessary, vital, crucial。

7. alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的

【用法】have no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事；an alternative to sth 某物的替代品；alternative energy 替代能源

【例句】① As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming. ② She had no alternative but to work hard to support her family.

8. root n. 根；根源 v. 生根；使呆住

【用法】put down roots 扎根；定居；be deeply rooted in 根深蒂固于；the root of the problem 问题的根源

【例句】The idea is deeply rooted in the countryside and hard to change.

9. tackle vt. 处理；应对；解决

【用法】tackle a problem/crisis 处理问题/应对危机；= deal with = cope with = handle

【例句】We must take effective measures to tackle the problem of air pollution.

10. conventional adj. 传统的；常规的

【用法】conventional crops/methods 传统作物/方法；conventional wisdom 传统观念；convention n. 惯例；习俗；大会

【例句】One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.

四、构词法专练

A. 写出下列单词的派生词及含义

1. short → n. ________（不足；短缺）

2. nutrition → adj. ________（有营养的） & adj. ________（营养的）

3. convince → adj. ________（令人信服的） & adj. ________（坚信的）

4. warm → n. ________（温暖；热情）

5. convention → adj. ________（传统的；常规的）

6. grow → n. ________（生长；增长）

7. assume → n. ________（假定；假设）

8. consume → n. ________（消耗；消费）

9. strong → n. ________（力量；长处）

10. extend → n. ________（扩展；延伸）

B. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空

1. The government has taken measures to solve the housing ________ (short) in big cities.

2. Yuan Longping was ________ (convince) that hybrid rice could help solve the food shortage problem.

3. The scientist gave a ________ (convince) explanation for his research findings.

4. It is ________ (essence) that we should protect the environment for future generations.

5. The new farming method is more efficient than ________ (convention) techniques.

6. The ________ (consume) of organic food has increased rapidly in recent years.

五、重点词汇一词多义

1. yieldn.产量：The new hybrid rice has a much higher yield.vt.出产：The research has yielded useful information.vi.屈服：He reluctantly yielded to their demands.

2. digestvt.消化：Humans cannot digest plants such as grass.vt.领会：He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.n.文摘：Reader's Digest

3. rootn.根；根源：We must get to the root of the problem.v.扎根：The idea is deeply rooted in the countryside.

六、重点句型梳理

句型1：what 引导主语从句

【要点】what 在从句中作主语/宾语/表语，意为"……的事情/东西"；主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数

句型2：It is + 过去分词 + that 从句

【要点】It 是形式主语，that 从句是真正主语；常用：It is said/reported/estimated/believed that...

句型3：whether 引导主语从句

【要点】whether 意为"是否"，不能省略；if 不能引导句首主语从句，只能用 whether

句型4：It is + 形容词 + that 从句（虚拟语气）

【要点】It is essential/important/necessary/vital/crucial + that sb (should) do sth，should 可省略

七、课文长难句精析（3句）

长难句1

【原句】Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life.

【结构】that指代body避免重复；to whom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰farmers

【提炼】非限制性定语从句、devote...to...、that指代避免重复

长难句2

【原句】However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.

【结构】what引导主语从句（在从句中作主语）；that引导表语从句

【提炼】what引导主语从句、that引导表语从句、并列谓语、不定式作后置定语

长难句3

【原句】This affects the crops grown on the land, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them.

【结构】grown on the land是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰crops；who引导定语从句

【提炼】过去分词短语作后置定语、定语从句、in turn作插入语

八、语法专项：主语从句

【考点梳理】

一、引导词：that（无意义，不充当成分，不能省略）；what/whatever（作主语/宾语/表语）；whether（是否，不能省略）；who/whoever；when/where/why/how。

二、it作形式主语：It is + adj./n./过去分词 + that从句。常用：It is said/reported/estimated/believed that...

三、虚拟语气：It is essential/important/necessary/vital/crucial + that sb (should) do sth。

四、易错点：if不能引导句首主语从句；that引导主语从句不能省略；主语从句作主语谓语用单数。

【语法专项练习】

1. ________ impressed me most was Yuan Longping's devotion to agricultural research.

2. ________ we should switch to organic farming entirely is still under debate.

3. ________ is estimated that over 800 million people go hungry every day.

4. ________ is essential that we (should) protect the environment while developing agriculture.

5. ________ he will attend the meeting or not doesn't matter much.

6. ________ damages the environment will be punished by law.

7. ________ I can say for sure is that he is a man of great determination.

8. It is suggested that every student ________ (learn) about the importance of agriculture.

9. ________ remains to be seen whether the new method will work.

10. ________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

11. It is a fact ________ the earth goes around the sun.

12. ________ we will go camping this weekend depends on the weather.

13. ________ wants to go to the farm should sign up before Friday.

14. It is reported that hybrid rice ________ (plant) in more than 40 countries.

15. ________ you don't like the book makes no difference to me.

九、单句语法填空（15题）

1. Yuan Longping devoted all his life ________ the study of hybrid rice.

2. ________ concerned him most was the food shortage problem in the countryside.

3. He was ________ (convince) that hybrid rice could help feed more people.

4. The new hybrid rice attains a ________ (high) yield than conventional crops.

5. It is essential that every student ________ (learn) about the importance of agriculture.

6. The crops ________ (grow) on the salty land are more resistant to drought.

7. As an ________ (alternatively), some farmers have switched to organic farming.

8. The government has taken measures to tackle the food ________ (short) problem.

9. It is estimated ________ 60 percent of the domestic rice consumption is hybrid rice.

10. ________ organic farming can fully meet the high demand remains a question.

11. He overcame enormous ________ (difficult) and developed the first hybrid rice.

12. The scientist made ________ (value) contributions to agricultural development.

13. Many customers have turned ________ organic food in recent years.

14. The vegetables are rich ________ nutrition and essential minerals.

15. ________ breaks the law will be punished, regardless of who they are.

十、语篇填空（农业主题）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Yuan Longping, known as the father of hybrid rice, devoted his entire life to 1. ________ (work) the land. 2. ________ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food 3. ________ (eat).

Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties and 4. ________ (develop) the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming. One characteristic of hybrids is 5. ________ they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.

It is estimated 6. ________ 60 percent of the domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains.

However, the use of chemical farming has also caused problems. As an alternative, some farmers 7. ________ (switch) to organic farming. 8. ________ organic farming can fully meet the high demand for food remains a challenging question.

十一、完成句子（汉译英·6题）

1. 袁隆平把他的一生都献给了杂交水稻的研究。（devote...to...）

________________________________________________________________________

2. 最让他担心的是农民们经常收成不好。（what引导主语从句）

________________________________________________________________________

3. 据估计，中国60%的国内水稻消费来自杂交水稻。（It is estimated that）

________________________________________________________________________

4. 我们有必要保护环境，同时发展农业。（It is essential that）

________________________________________________________________________

5. 有机农业能否完全满足对食物的高需求仍然是一个问题。（whether引导主语从句）

________________________________________________________________________

6. 他别无选择，只能努力工作来养家糊口。（have no alternative but to do）

________________________________________________________________________

参考答案与详解

四、构词法专练

A. 派生词：1. shortage2. nutritious; nutritional3. convincing; convinced4. warmth5. conventional6. growth7. assumption8. consumption9. strength10. extension

B. 适当形式填空：1. shortage（housing shortage住房短缺） 2. convinced（be convinced that坚信） 3. convincing（令人信服的，修饰事物） 4. essential（It is essential that） 5. conventional（形容词修饰名词） 6. consumption（名词作主语）

八、语法专项：主语从句

1. What（what引导主语从句作主语） 2. Whether（whether引导主语从句表"是否"） 3. It（It作形式主语） 4. It（It作形式主语，It is essential that） 5. Whether（whether...or not） 6. Whoever（无论谁） 7. What（what在从句中作say的宾语） 8. (should) learn（It is suggested that虚拟语气） 9. It（It作形式主语） 10. What（what在从句中作主语） 11. that（It is a fact that） 12. Whether（whether引导主语从句） 13. Whoever（无论谁） 14. has been planted（现在完成时被动） 15. That（that引导主语从句，无意义不充当成分）

九、单句语法填空

1. to（devote...to...，to是介词） 2. What（what引导主语从句作主语） 3. convinced（be convinced that） 4. higher（than用比较级） 5. (should) learn（It is essential that虚拟语气） 6. grown（过去分词作后置定语） 7. alternative（as an alternative作为选择） 8. shortage（food shortage食物短缺） 9. that（It is estimated that） 10. Whether（whether引导主语从句） 11. difficulties（enormous后接复数） 12. invaluable（形容词修饰名词） 13. to（turn to转向） 14. in（be rich in富含） 15. Whoever（whoever引导主语从句）

十、语篇填空

1. working（devote one's life to doing，to是介词） 2. What（what引导主语从句作主语） 3. to eat（不定式作后置定语） 4. developed（与overcame并列，一般过去时） 5. that（that引导表语从句） 6. that（It is estimated that） 7. have switched（现在完成时） 8. Whether（whether引导主语从句表"是否"）

十一、完成句子

1. Yuan Longping devoted all his life to the study of hybrid rice.

2. What concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests.

3. It is estimated that 60 percent of the domestic rice consumption in China comes from hybrid rice.

4. It is essential that we (should) protect the environment while developing agriculture.

5. Whether organic farming can fully meet the high demand for food remains a challenging question.

6. He had no alternative but to work hard to support his family.