选择性必修一Unit4期中语言点复习(单词+语法)2026-2027学年高中英语
- 2026-10-11 21:31:51
人教版选择性必修一 Unit 4 Body Language
期中语言点复习（单词＋语法）
【使用说明】
本学案为Unit4期中复习整合版，涵盖词汇、短语、句型、语法四大模块，建议分2课时使用：第1课时处理词汇精讲+短语记忆+构词法练习，第2课时处理语法专项+长难句+综合练习。参考答案附后，可单独剪裁印发学生。
一、单元核心词汇速览
【名词】interaction 交流；相互影响 | gesture 手势；姿势 | approval 赞成；认可 | witness 目击者；证人 | employment 雇用；就业 | favour 帮助；恩惠；偏爱 | tendency 趋势；倾向 | anxiety 焦虑；担心 | embarrassment 尴尬；难堪 | assessment 评估；评价 | adjustment 调整；调节 | barrier 障碍；隔阂 | conflict 冲突；矛盾 | reaction 反应；回应
【动词】interact 交流；互动 | vary 变化；不同 | approve 赞成；批准 | witness 当场看到；目击 | employ 使用；雇用 | favour 较喜欢；有利于 | rely 依赖；依靠 | tend 往往会；趋向 | occupy 占据；使忙于 | stare 盯着看；凝视 | distinguish 区分；辨别 | demonstrate 证明；演示 | assess 评估；评价 | adjust 调整；适应 | infer 推断；推论 | reveal 揭示；显示
【形容词】reliable 可靠的；可信赖的 | appropriate 合适的；恰当的 | various 各种各样的 | favourable 赞同的；有利的 | anxious 焦虑的；担心的 | embarrassed 难堪的；尴尬的 | ashamed 羞愧的；惭愧的 | occupied 忙于……的 | distinguished 卓越的；杰出的 | ultimate 最终的；根本的 | mere 仅仅的；只不过的 | slight 轻微的；微小的 | ambiguous 模糊的；有歧义的
【副词】appropriately 适当地；恰当地 | anxiously 焦虑地；担心地 | slightly 稍微；轻微地 | ultimately 最终；根本上 | merely 仅仅；只不过
二、高频短语清单（20个）
1. vary from culture to culture 因文化不同而不同 | 2. make eye contact 进行眼神交流 |
3. approve of 赞成；认可 | 4. by contrast 相比之下 |
5. in other words 换句话说；也就是说 | 6. bow from the waist 弯腰鞠躬 |
7. break down barriers 打破隔阂 | 8. get through difficult situations 渡过难关 |
9. occupy oneself by doing sth 通过做某事使自己忙碌 | 10. be occupied with/in (doing) sth 忙于（做）某事 |
11. distinguish A from B 区分A和B | 12. be embarrassed about/at 因……而尴尬 |
13. be ashamed of (doing) sth 因（做）某事而羞愧 | 14. rely on/upon 依靠；依赖 |
15. in favour of 支持；赞同 | 16. tend to do sth 往往会做某事 |
17. have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 | 18. make sense 有意义；讲得通 |
19. adjust to (doing) sth 适应（做）某事 | 20. call on sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事 |
三、核心词汇精讲
（★ 为高考核心考点，重点掌握；其余词汇理解用法即可）
1. interaction n. 交流；相互影响
【用法】interact vi. 交流；互动；interact with sb 和某人交流；have interactions with sb 和某人交流
【例句】We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
★ 2. vary vi. 变化；不同 vt. 改变
【用法】vary in sth 在某方面不同；vary from...to... 从……到……不同；various adj. 各种各样的；variety n. 多样性；a variety of 各种各样的
【例句】① Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. ② The goods in the supermarket vary in size, color as well as price. ③ A variety of books are available in the bookshop.
【注意】a variety of + 复数名词作主语，谓语用复数；the variety of + 复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
★ 3. approve vi. 赞成 vt. 批准；通过
【用法】approve of sb/sb's doing sth 同意某人做某事；approval n. 认可；赞成；disapprove of 不赞成
【例句】① In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. ② I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don't ignore your studies. ③ She desperately wanted to win her father's approval.
【注意】approve 作"赞成"时是不及物动词，需加 of；被动形式 be approved of 中 of 不能省略。
4. witness vt. 当场看到；目击 n. 目击者；证人
【用法】witness sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事；时间/地点 + witness + 事件：某地/某时见证了某事（拟人用法）
【例句】① In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. ② The past decade has witnessed great changes in our hometown.
5. employ vt. 使用；雇用
【用法】be employed in (doing) sth 忙于（做）某事；employ oneself in (doing) sth 忙于；employment n. 雇用；就业
【例句】Employed in an important meeting, he has no time to go back home.
【注意】be employed in doing sth = be busy doing sth；过去分词 employed 作状语表示"忙于"。
★ 6. favour vt. 较喜欢；有利于 n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同
【用法】in favour of 支持；赞同；in one's favour 对某人有利；do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙；favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的
【例句】① Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head. ② Those present at the meeting were in favour of the decision. ③ Can you do me a favour and find out what's going on?
【注意】favour 作动词时 = prefer，后接名词/动名词；in favour of 支持。
7. reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的
【用法】rely vi. 依赖；依靠；rely on/upon = depend on 依靠；rely on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事
【例句】Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings, their body language or the words they speak?
8. tendency n. 趋势；倾向
【用法】tend vi. 往往会；趋向；tend to do sth 往往会做某事；have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
【例句】People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.
★ 9. occupy vt. 占据；占用；使忙于
【用法】be occupied with = be busy with 忙于；be occupied (in) doing sth 忙于做某事；occupy oneself with/in (doing) sth 使自己忙于
【例句】① With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window. ② Reading occupies most of my free time. ③ They have been occupied in preparing for their 50th wedding anniversary.
【注意】occupy oneself by doing sth 通过做某事使自己忙碌；be occupied with/in (doing) sth 忙于。
10. distinguish vt. & vi. 区分；辨别；使出众
【用法】distinguish A from B 辨别A和B；distinguish oneself 使出众；使著名；distinguished adj. 卓越的；杰出的
【例句】It is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
四、构词法专练
A. 写出下列单词的派生词及含义
1. interact → n. ________（交流；相互影响） → adj. ________（互动的）
2. vary → adj. ________（各种各样的） → n. ________（多样性；种类）
3. employ → n. ________（雇用；就业） → n. ________（雇员） → n. ________（雇主）
4. approve → n. ________（赞成；批准） → 反义 v. ________（不赞成）
5. favour → adj. ________（赞同的；有利的）
6. anxiety → adj. ________（焦虑的；担心的） → adv. ________（焦虑地）
7. reliable → vi. ________（依赖；依靠）
8. slight → adv. ________（稍微；轻微地）
9. assess → n. ________（评估；评价）
10. adjust → n. ________（调整；调节） → adj. ________（可调节的）
B. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. Body language ________ (various) from culture to culture, so we should be careful.
2. The teacher's ________ (approve) of the plan encouraged the students to work harder.
3. She was ________ (anxiety) about her son's safety when he didn't come home on time.
4. The young man is honest, cooperative and always there when you need his help. In short, he is ________ (rely).
5. He has a ________ (tend) to forget things when he is under pressure.
6. Please list your age, name and ________ (occupy) on the application form.
五、重点词汇一词多义
1. favourvt.较喜欢：I favour walking to work rather than taking the bus.n.帮助：Can you do me a favour?n.赞同：The new policy has found favour with the public.
2. occupyvt.占据（空间/时间）：Reading occupies most of my free time.vt.使忙于：She occupied herself with routine office tasks.
3. witnessvt.目击：She witnessed the accident from her window.vt.见证（拟人）：The year 2020 witnessed great challenges.n.目击者：The police are looking for witnesses.
六、重点句型梳理
句型1：while 引导让步状语从句（= although/though 尽管）
【要点】while 还可引导时间状语从句（当……时候）；还可作并列连词表对比（而；然而）
句型2：动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语
【要点】witness/see/hear/watch/notice sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事；对比：sb do sth 看到全过程
句型3：have + 宾语 + 过去分词（宾补）
【要点】have sth done 使某事被做；让别人做某事；过去分词作宾补表被动状态
句型4：with + 宾语 + 介词短语（with 复合结构）
【要点】with + 宾语 + 介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/形容词，作伴随状语
七、课文长难句精析（3句）
长难句1
【原句】In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
【结构】who引导定语从句修饰someone；employing the gesture是现在分词作宾补；might think后接宾语从句
【提炼】定语从句、witness sb doing sth（现在分词作宾补）、情态动词might表推测
长难句2
【原句】While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.
【结构】While引导让步状语从句；两个it都是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式
【提炼】while引导让步状语从句、it作形式主语、much修饰比较级、形容词并列
长难句3
【原句】Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests.
【结构】who引导定语从句；have their arms crossed中crossed是过去分词作宾补
【提炼】定语从句、have sth done（过去分词作宾补）、并列形容词
八、语法专项：动词-ing 形式综合运用
【考点梳理】
一、作主语：动名词作主语谓语用单数；常用句型：It is no use/no good doing sth；It is a waste of time doing sth。
二、作宾语：只接动名词的动词：enjoy, finish, mind, suggest, consider, admit, risk, imagine, escape, miss等。
三、作定语：现在分词作定语表主动/进行；动名词作定语表用途（a reading room = a room for reading）。
四、作状语：现在分词短语作状语，表时间/原因/条件/伴随/结果等；逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。
五、作宾补：see/hear/watch/notice/find/witness sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事。
【语法专项练习】
1. ________ (learn) different body language can help us better understand different cultures.
2. It is a waste of time ________ (scold) him like that; he never listens.
3. Do you mind ________ (kiss) your friend on the cheek when greeting?
4. She couldn't help ________ (laugh) at the thought of the funny joke.
5. The ________ (sleep) baby looked so peaceful that nobody dared to make a noise.
6. The man ________ (stand) by the door is our new English teacher.
7. ________ (walk) along the street, I met an old friend of mine.
8. I witnessed a young man ________ (help) an elderly lady cross the street.
9. The teacher found some students ________ (stare) out of the window in class.
10. ________ (occupy) in preparing for the exam, she had no time to relax.
11. The news was so ________ (inspire) that everyone felt excited.
12. He regretted ________ (say) those sharp words to his best friend.
13. ________ (employ) in an important meeting, he has no time to go back home.
14. ________ (not finish) his homework made him very upset.
15. The boy narrowly escaped ________ (punish) by the teacher.
九、单句语法填空（15题）
1. Body language ________ (vary) from culture to culture, so we should be careful.
2. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved ________.
3. Someone who ________ (witness) another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
4. People favour ________ (shake) hands when they meet someone else in China.
5. A smile can help us get ________ difficult situations and find friends.
6. The students have a tendency ________ (lean) forward when they are interested.
7. It is sometimes much harder ________ (distinguish) when students are troubled.
8. Students who are experiencing anxiety may have their arms ________ (cross) in front of their chests.
9. I still remember ________ (visit) Japan for the first time and being confused by the gestures.
10. Please remember ________ (learn) about the local body language before you travel abroad.
11. He is looking forward to ________ (interact) with students from different cultures.
12. ________ comparison, in Bulgaria the gesture has the opposite meaning.
13. ________ other words, body language plays a vital role in communication.
14. It is no use ________ (argue) with him; he won't change his mind.
15. She was too ________ (embarrass) to admit her mistake in front of the class.
十、语篇填空（肢体语言主题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Body language is a powerful form of communication. We use both words and body language 1. ________ (express) our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. Just like spoken language, body language 2. ________ (vary) from culture to culture.
For example, the gesture for "OK" has different meanings in different countries. In Japan, someone who 3. ________ (witness) another person employing the gesture might think it means money. 4. ________ comparison, in Brazil and Germany, it is not considered polite.
In some countries, people favour 5. ________ (shake) hands when they meet, while in others they prefer bowing from the waist or 6. ________ (nod) the head. Eye contact is also different. 7. ________ contrast, in some Asian countries, direct eye contact may be considered rude.
A smile can break 8. ________ barriers and help us get through difficult situations. 9. ________ (learn) about different body language can help us better understand different cultures and avoid misunderstandings.
十一、完成句子（汉译英·6题）
1. 就像口头语言一样，肢体语言也因文化的不同而不同。（vary from...to...）
________________________________________________________________________
2. 微笑可以打破隔阂，帮助我们渡过难关。（break down; get through）
________________________________________________________________________
3. 人们在对某个事物感兴趣时，往往会身体前倾。（have a tendency to）
________________________________________________________________________
4. 他们用手托着下巴，全神贯注地盯着窗外。（with复合结构; occupy oneself by doing）
________________________________________________________________________
5. 了解不同的肢体语言能够帮我们更好地了解不同的文化。（动名词作主语）
________________________________________________________________________
6. 他忙于准备考试，没有时间放松。（be occupied in doing）
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案与详解
四、构词法专练
A. 派生词：1. interaction; interactive2. various; variety3. employment; employee; employer4. approval; disapprove5. favourable6. anxious; anxiously7. rely8. slightly9. assessment10. adjustment; adjustable
B. 适当形式填空：1. varies（第三人称单数） 2. approval（名词所有格后接名词） 3. anxious（be anxious about） 4. reliable（形容词作表语） 5. tendency（have a tendency to do） 6. occupation（名词作宾语）
八、语法专项：动词-ing形式综合运用
1. Learning（动名词作主语） 2. scolding（It is a waste of time doing） 3. kissing（mind doing） 4. laughing（can't help doing） 5. sleeping（现在分词作定语） 6. standing（现在分词作后置定语） 7. Walking（现在分词作时间状语） 8. helping（witness sb doing） 9. staring（find sb doing） 10. Occupied（过去分词作原因状语，be occupied in） 11. inspiring（现在分词作表语） 12. saying（regret doing后悔做过） 13. Employed（过去分词作原因状语，be employed in） 14. Not finishing（动名词否定式作主语） 15. being punished（escape doing被动式）
九、单句语法填空
1. varies（第三人称单数） 2. of（approve of，被动不省略） 3. witnesses（第三人称单数） 4. shaking（favour doing） 5. through（get through渡过） 6. to lean（have a tendency to do） 7. to distinguish（it is + adj. + to do） 8. crossed（have sth done） 9. visiting（remember doing记得做过） 10. to learn（remember to do记得要做） 11. interacting（look forward to doing） 12. By（by comparison） 13. In（in other words） 14. arguing（It is no use doing） 15. embarrassed（be embarrassed to do）
十、语篇填空
1. to express（use sth to do） 2. varies（第三人称单数） 3. witnesses（第三人称单数） 4. By（by comparison） 5. shaking（favour doing） 6. nodding（prefer doing与shaking并列） 7. By（by contrast） 8. down（break down打破） 9. Learning（动名词作主语）
十一、完成句子
1. Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
2. A smile can break down barriers and help us get through difficult situations.
3. People have a tendency to lean forward when they are interested in something.
4. With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window.
5. Learning about different body language can help us better understand different cultures.
6. He is occupied in preparing for the exam and has no time to relax.
